• Journal of Life Science
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.449-456
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• 1998

Using morphometric technique, the present study was made of the kidney of rabbit embryo in the 13 days of the gestation. Their section areas of the renal tubules and the glomerular cells were compared with the those of adult rabbit, 1. In the developing renal tubule, the tubular section areas were larger than that of the adult, but the nuclear section areas of tubular calls were smaller than the adult. The microvilli of their cell surface were poorly developed, and their cytoplasm contained well developed mitochondria with euchromatic nucleus. 2. In the developing glomeruli. the nuclear section area of the cells of the parietal layer, the podocytes, and the endothelial cells were similar size, but their nuclei were larger than those of the adult. The cytopalsm of the podocytes contained well-developed rough endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and round mitochondria.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.353-360
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• 1990

The bacterium Edwardsiella tarda was injected into healthy snakeheads (Channa argus) in order to prove the causative agent of ascite. The bacterium dominantly isolated from 2 cultured ascite snakeheads was injected into fish by the dose of $5\times10^6$ CFU/ 0.25ml, but the same dose of $0.65\%$ physiological saline was injected into the each control. The injected fish was divided into 4 groups such as intraperitoneal, intramuscle, control intra-peritoneal and control intramuscle according to their injection points. Each was composed of 10 healthy snakeheads respectively. Ascites and haemorrhagic ulcers became distinct 5 days after injection, but controls did not show any abnormal symptoms during the experimental period. Edwardsiella tarda was reisalated out of the injected fish's ascite, liver, kidney, spleen and haemorrhagic ulcer on the skin. Regardless of the injecting methods, liver was necrotized more severely than any other internal organ, but both the glomeruli of kidney and spleen were considerably damaged. Necrosis of muscle and a number of leucocytes were observed at the ulcerous region of the intramuscular injected fish. It is concluded that judging from the above results the Edwardsiella tarda is a causative agent to cause ascite in snakehead.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.95-99
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• 2008

Objective Sjogren's Syndrome is a chronic inflamatory disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of lacrimal and salivary gland. It may be associated with renal disease such as tubulonephritis or glomerulonephritis. Proteinuria is a kidney disorder resulting in an abnormally high amount of protein in the urine. When the glomeruli are damaged, proteins of various sizes pass through them and are excreted in the urine. This report is a case of proteinuria with Sjogren's Syndrome. Methods The patient was diagnosed as kidney yang deficiency syndrome and treated with Woogyu-eum, Sa-am acupuncture therapy and bee venom acupuncture therapy. Visual Analog Scale was used to estimate the clinical symptoms. Results Clinical symptoms and proteinuria were improved without steroid therapy. Conclusion Therefore, we concluded that oriental medical therapy may be useful to treat proteinuria with Sjogren's Syndrome.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.91-101
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• 1996

Exposure indices are important tools which enable scientists to reliably predict and detect exposures to xenobiotics and resultant cell injury. Since the de novo synthesis of stress proteins can be detected early after exposure to some agents, analysis of toxicant-induced changes in gene expression, i.e. alterations in patterns of protein synthesis, may be useful to develop as biomarkers of exposure and toxicity. The acute and chronic effects of cadmium(Cd, $CdCl_2$ 20 mg/kg) on Wistar male rats were evaluated concerning cadmium contents, tissues enzyme activity, HSP expression. The results of the study were as follows: 1. Less cadmium was absorbed through the digestive tracts, but the ratio of contents in renal to hepatic cadmium was higher at 8 weeks after treatment. 2. ALT(alanine aminotransferase), AST(aspartate aminotransferase), glucose, BUN(blood urea nitrogen), creatinine, the key indices of the clinical changes in hepatic and renal function were significantly changed by the cadmium treatment after 1 week in liver, after 4 weeks in kidney. 3. Enhanced synthesis of 70 KDa relative molecular mass proteins were detected in 2 hours after cadmium exposure, with maximum activity occurring at 8~48 hours. Induction of $HSP_{70}$ was evident at proximal tubules and glomeruli in kidney. Testicular cells produced enough HSP to be detected normally. From the above results, it could be concluded that $HSP_{70}$ induction by the cadmium treatment was a rapid reaction to indicate the exposure of xenobiotics.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.343-347
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• 2006

The present study was designed to investigate the effects renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), endothelin (ET) and local natriuretic peptide (NP) system for glomerulopathy induced in the experimental bilateral ureteral obstructive rats. Sprague-Dawley male rats ($200{\sim}220g$ body weight) were bilaterally obstructed by ligation of the proximal ureters for 24 hours. Control rats were treated in the same ways, except that no ligature was made. The glomeruli were isolated from cortex by graded sieve methods, and the mRNA expressions of local renin-angiotensin system (RAS), aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2), endothelin-1 (ET-1) and NP system were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Following the bilateral ureteral obstruction, the mRNA expressions of renin, angiotensin converting enzyme 1 as well as ET-1 were increased, while that of angiotensin converting enzyme 2 was not changed. The expressions of CYP11B2 and angiotensin II receptors were not changed. C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) expression was increased, while its receptors (natriuretic peptide receptor-B) were not changed. We suggest that the upregulation of local RAS and ET playa role in the progressive glomerular injury, and that the enhanced CNP activity also plays a compensatory role in obstructive uropathy in the glomerulus.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.223-228
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• 2003

Oligmeganephronia is congenital hypoplasia of kidney with renal pathology showing very small number of nephrons with compensatory hypertrophy of the remaining glomeruli. A 7-year-old girl was referred to our nephrology clinic due to hematuria detected on school screening urinalysis and diagnosed as chronic renal failure and oligomeganephronia on renal biopsy. We are reporting the clinical and histomorphometric changes for the four years follow-up with review of literatures.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.29-34
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• 2013

Urine production is vital for the removal of certain waste products produced by metabolism in the body and for the maintenance of homeostasis in the body. The kidneys produce urine by the following three precisely regulated processes: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Urine is composed of water, certain electrolytes, and various waste products that are filtered out of the blood through the glomeruli. The physical features of urine are evaluated carefully to detect any abnormal findings that may indicate underlying diseases in the genitourinary system. A change in urine color may indicate an underlying pathological condition, although many of the causes of abnormal urine color are benign effects of medications and foods. A characteristic and specific odor may be the result of a metabolic disease rather than a concentrated specimen or a simple urinary tract infection. Although transient changes in urine output and nocturia are usually benign conditions, persistent abnormal findings require further workup, with a thorough medical history taking. This article presents many of the conditions that physicians may encounter and will help them in the diagnosis and in establishing a treatment plan.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2022.07a
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• pp.85-87
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• 2022

루푸스 신염을 정확히 진단하기 위해서는 신장의 침 생검을 통한 조직검사를 통해 사구체들을 찾아내고, 각각의 염증 정도를 분류해야 한다. 하지만 이에는 의료진의 많은 시간과 노력이 소요된다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 이러한 한계를 극복하기 위해 합성곱 신경망 (Convolutional neural network, CNN)에 기반한 검출 및 분할에 딥 러닝 접근법을 적용하는 YOLOv5 알고리즘을 통해 검체 이미지 내에서 사구체를 자동으로 검출해 내도록 하였다. 그리고 루푸스 신염 환자의 슬라이드 이미지에 대한 태깅 작업을 거쳐 학습을 위한 데이터와 테스트를 위한 데이터를 생성하여 학습 및 테스트에 활용하였다. 그 결과 고화질의 검체 이미지 내에서 대부분의 사구체를 0.9 이상의 높은 precision과 recall로 검출해 낼 수 있었다. 이를 통해 신장 내부의 사구체 검출을 자동화하고 추후 연구를 통해 사구체 염증 정도를 단계화 할 수 있는 발판을 마련하였다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.259-267
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• 1999

The expression of the neural cell adhesion molecule-180 (NCAM-180), which accumulates at contact sites between cells and may be responsible for the stabilization of cell contacts, was studied in the olfactory system and retina of developing and adult rats. From embryonic day 12 onwards, which was the earliest stage examined, the NCAM-180 pathway directing to the presumptive olfactory bulb was observed. In later stages, olfactory neurons and fasciculating axons in the olfactory epithelium and nerve fiber layer and glomeruli of the olfactory bulb expressed NCAM-180. From postnatal day 0, immunolabelling pattern of the olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb were the same as that during later stages. NCAM-180 immunoreactivity was present on differentiating retinal cells and persisted on those cells throughout adulthood. However, contrary to the olfactory nerve which remained detectable in the adult, the optic nerve was only transiently expressed with NCAM-180 and was no longer detectable in the adult. The presence of NCAM-180 in olfactory tissues suggests their possible role in pathfinding, differentiation, fasciculation and synaptic plasticity. The continued presence of NCAM-180 in the olfactory system examined may underlie its continuous cell turnover and regenerative capacity. The continuous expression of NCAM-180 in ganglion cells, bipolar cells and photoreceptor cells, also suggests potential regenerating capability and some plastic functions for these cells in the adult. Since the expression of NCAM-180 by the optic nerve was restricted to the period of special histogenetic events, for example, during axonal growth and synaptogenesis, it is possible that the lack of NCAM-180 in the adult optic nerve might cause a nonpermissive environment for the regeneration and result in regenerative failure of this system.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.139-146
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• 1986

The characteristics of the amyloid proteins were histochemically investigated with the amyloidladen organs from bovine(15 cases), canine(1 case), feline(1 case), and artificially induced rabbit amyloidosis(1 case). The amyloid-laden organs from bovine, canine and experimental rabbit amyloidosis showed potassium-permanganate-senstive reaction, revealing complete disappearance for Congo red affinity, loss of brick-red colored fluorescence and green birefringence. From these findings, the amyloids from bovine, canine and experimentally induced rabbit amyloidosis were thought to be equivalent to amyloid protein A (AA protein). In the present feline case with amyloidosis, however, the amyloid proteins revealed potassium permanganate-resistant reaction, showing unchanged affinity for Congo red, and immunoglobulin was also deposited in the glomeruli of the kidney. From these findings, the amyloid proteins from feline case with amyloidosis were considered to be equivalent to amyloid light chain-related proteins (AL protein).