• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• no.41
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• pp.80-87
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• 2003

This paper attempts to examine the historical changes, the characteristics and the role of free-standing wall from the viewpoint of architectural composition. After modern times the wall gets free of structure and the view of formative art changes, which become a basis of the conscious use of free-standing wall. It plays a role of getting territoriality and placeness, by defining the space at the external territory and it is used as apparatus which controls circulation and orientation externally At the same time it is used as an instrument to blur the border to make mutual intersection and plays a role of introducing and controling the environment. The free-standing wall controls the architectural form to emphasize plasticity and is used to define a geometrical frame and maintain the urban context. In view of the results so far achieved, the free-standing wall is used as general vocabulary of modulating the border of space and the architectural form since modern architecture.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.2 no.2 s.4
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• pp.69-76
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• 2002

The basic systems of spatial structures such as shells, membranes, cable-nets and tensegrity structures have been developed to create the large spaces without column. But there are some difficulties concerning structural stability, surface formation and construction method. Tensegrity systems are flexible structures which are reticulated spatial structures composed of compressive members and cables. The rigidification of tensegrity systems is related to selfstress states which can be achieved only when geometrical and mechanical requirements are simultaneously satisfied. In this paper, the force density method allowing form-finding for tensegrity systems is presented. And various modules of unit-structures are investigated and discussed using the force density method. Also, a model of double-layered single curvature arch with quadruplex using supplementary cable is presented.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.89-94
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• 2009

The current focus of development in industrial Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is integration of CFD into Computer-Aided product development, geometrical optimisation, robust design and similar. On the other hand, in CFD research aims to extend the boundaries of practical engineering use in "non-traditional" areas. Requirements of computational flexibility and code integration are contradictory: a change of coding paradigm, with object orientation, library components, equation mimicking is proposed as a way forward. This paper describes OpenFOAM, a C++ object oriented library for Computational Continuum Mechanics (CCM) developed by the author. Efficient and flexible implementation of complex physical models is achieved by mimicking the form of partial differential equation in software, with code functionality provided in library form. Open Source deployment and development model allows the user to achieve desired versatility in physical modeling without the sacrifice of complex geometry support and execution efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.1-8
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• 2007

In some wireless sensor networks, the sensor nodes are required to be located sparsely at designated positions over a wide area, introducing the problem of adding minimum number of relay nodes to interconnect the sensor nodes. The problem finds its a bstract form in literature: the Minimum number of Steiner Points. Since it is known to be NP-hard, this paper proposes an approximation scheme to estimate the minimum number of relay nodes through the properties of the abstract form. Note that by reducing the numb er of nodes in a sensor network, the amount of data exchange over the net will be far decreased.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.371-384
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• 2022

Fix an integer n ≥ 1. Then the simplex Π_n, Birkhoff polytope Ω_n, and Latin square polytope Λ_n each yield projective geometries obtained by identifying antipodal points on a sphere bounding a ball centered at the barycenter of the polytope. We investigate conditions for homogeneous coordinates of points in the projective geometries to locate exact vertices of the respective polytopes, namely crisp distributions, permutation matrices, and quasigroups or Latin squares respectively. In the latter case, the homogeneous conditions form a crucial part of a recent projective-geometrical approach to the study of orthogonality of Latin squares. Coordinates based on the barycenter of Ω_n are also suited to the analysis of generalized doubly stochastic matrices, observing that orthogonal matrices of this type form a subgroup of the orthogonal group.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.254-263
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• 2012

This study found out the change of spacial form of detached house in Korea on a 10-year basis from 1980s though analysis on the architecture of each period. For the subject houses of this study, the detached houses introduced repeatedly as excellent cases in technical journals for architecture were collected among those completed by architects who designed numerous houses and a survey was conducted on 18 detached houses of 18 architects among the in urban style houses in Seoul and suburban style houses in the suburbs of Seoul. Through this study, it could be found that, as the morphological application of traditional architecture was settled with spatial concept, the external spatial form of the detached houses in Korea after 1980s was changed to westernized form but the internal spacial form had been continuously changing suitable to our emotion by reflecting the living habit and taste with the traditional attitude to perceive and accept the nature. As for the change in the forms of interior space, vertical space with more than two floors became common. Front porch and stair hall, which were located at the center of a house and became an important spacial element that overlapped family's moving line, changed to open and bright space that used transparent glass and increased the space to contact the open air, reflecting our living habit and taste that preferred the feeling of internal openness. A Private space, main room, was more segmented and luxurious, and a public space, living room, secured the independency by getting close to symbolic yard. As for the change in the form of exterior space, the form of façade window has been changing in its location and size and brought free images due to the advancement of technology and material. The shape of roofs was borrowed from western style and a lot of geometrical forms that break away from the concept of angle rater and eaves are appearing.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.32-37
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• 2009

In shipyard, plate forming is widely used to form the ship hull plate in various shapes. Line heating method by using a flame torch is one of the major shipbuilding processes carried out by skilled workers. Since the forming characteristics depend upon their experiences in manual forming, there are much variations between products and difficulties in communication between engineers and workers. Hence, it needs to develop an automatic forming system which can not only reduce the working time and rework costs but also improve the working environment and hull forming productivity. One of the final goals of plate forming automation is to form a target shape from the initial plate automatically. For automated plate forming, it is required to determine where and how to heat on the plate. To realize this procedure, the inverse problem should be first solved and the effect of curvature shape formed at the heating path should be investigated. In this study, the inverse problem was solved by geometrical approach using the relationship between bending angle and radius of curvature of the curved shape. In addition, experiments of two-dimensional plate forming were performed with the distance-based method considering the curved bending with curvature. The result of the formed shape agreed considerably well with the target shape.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.173-183
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• 2004

The techno fashion presents the new formative beauty of fashion with a stream of light and dynamic phenomenon on human body. Also it opens the futurism arising from the combination of technology with fashion. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the internal trend and external form that techno-fashion aims at, and to analyze the expressive characteristics in design. The results were as follows. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion created the new formative artifact through the dismantlement and reorganization of form. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion used the composition of the geometrical abstraction as an expression of beauty symbolizing the modernity. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion created the diverse colors by using the light along with colors of gold, silver, metal, intense fundamental colors, and artificial rotor. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion expressed the dynamism, brilliance, youthfulness, futuristic image by using the sense of dazzling brightness by means of metal. ${\cdot}$ The techho fashion along with the development of science and technology made the atmosphere of silhouette of clothes different by expanding the category of materials more widely, together with the possibility of continual emergence of new material. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion expressed the dynamic movement on clothes and gave the sense of periodical rhythm by the reflective action of light when they were clad. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion grafted wearable technology into the fashion and made the information instruments recognized as a concept of clothes. ${\cdot}$ The techno fashion pursued the values of not only the beauty of the simple geometrical design, but also the values of functionality and expressed the image of high quality of life through the harmony of technology with human.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.27-36
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• 2011

In the proposed paper numerical calculations are carried out using two versions of a three-dimensional, timedomain panel method developed by the group of Prof. P. Sclavounos at MIT, i.e. the linear code SWAN2, enabling optionally the use of the instantaneous non-linear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces and the fully non-linear SWAN4. The analytical results are compared with experimental results for three hull forms with increasing geometrical complexity, the Series 60, a reefer vessel with stern bulb and a modern fast ROPAX hull form with hollow bottom in the stern region. The details of the geometrical modeling of the hull forms are discussed. In addition, since SWAN4 does not support transom sterns, only the two versions of SWAN2 were evaluated over experimental results for the parent hull form of the NTUA double-chine, wide-transom, high-speed monohull series. The effect of speed on the numerical predictions was investigated. It is concluded that both versions of SWAN2 the linear and the one with the non-linear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces provide a more robust tool for prediction of the dynamic response of the vessels than the non-linear SWAN4 code. In general, their results are close to what was expected on the basis of experience. Furthermore, the use of the option of non-linear Froude-Krylov and hydrostatic forces is beneficial for the accuracy of the predictions. The content of the paper is based on the Diploma thesis of the second author, supervised by the first one and further refined by the third one.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.11
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• pp.5834-5840
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• 2013

Along with the development of high-speed, wired and wireless Internet technology, various harmful images in a form of photos and video clips have become prevalent these days. In this paper, we suggest a method of automatically detecting adult images by extracting woman's nipple areas which represent obscenity of the image. The suggested algorithm first segments skin color areas in the $YC_bC_r$ color space from input images and extracts nipple's candidate areas from the segmented skin areas through the suggested nipple map. We then select real nipple areas by using geometrical information and determines input images as harmful images if they contain nipples. Experimental results show that the suggested nipple map-based method effectively detects adult images.