• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.139-150
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• 1998

남극 세종 과학기지에 설치된 페브리-페로 간섭 계를 사용하여 지구 열권의 OI $6300{\AA}$밤 대기광을 1997년 3월부터 9월까지 관측하였다. 세종 기지는 지리적으로 고위도($62.22^{\circ}S,\;301.25^{\circ}E$) 이지만 지자기 위치로는 중위도($50.62^{\circ}S,\;7.51^{\circ}E$)에 위치한다. 그러므로 이러한 세종 과학기지의 위치는 태양과 지자기 활동에 대해서 남반구의 열권 온도를 측정하기에 전략적인 위치에 있다. 우리는 고위도 열권에서 태양과 지자기 활동에 대한 효과를 알아보기 위해 F10.7과 Kp 지수와 상관하여 관측된 온도를 분석하였다. 관측기간 동안 태양 활동은 저조 기였다. 측정된 온도는 어느 정도의 계절적 변화를 보이면서 600~1000K 사이에 분포하였으며 반 경험 모델인 VSH과 경험 모델인 MSIS-86에 의해 예측된 값보다는 높은 결과를 나타냈다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.259-267
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• 2012

Polar cap potential has long been considered as an indicator for the amount of energy flowing in the magnetosphere-ionosphere system. Thus, the estimation of polar cap potential is important to understand the physical process of the magnetosphere. To estimate the polar cap potential in the Northern Hemisphere, merging electric field by Kan & Lee (1979) is adopted. Relationships between the PC index and calculated merging electric field ($E^*$) are examined during full-time and storm-time periods separately. For this purpose Dst, AL, and PC indices and solar wind data are utilized during the period from 1996-2003. From this linear relationship, polar cap potential (${\Phi}^*$) is estimated using the formula by Doyle & Burke (1983). The values are represented as $58.1{\pm}26.9$ kV for the full-time period and $123.7{\pm}84.1$ kV for a storm-time period separately. Considering that the average value of polar cap potential of Doyle & Burke (1983) is about 47 kV during moderately quiet intervals with the S3-2 measurements, these results are similar to such. The monthly averaged variation of Dst, AL, and PC indices are then compared. The Dst and AL indices show distinct characteristics with peaks during equinoctial season whereas the average PC index according to the month shows higher values in autumn than in spring. The monthly variations of the linear correlation coefficients between solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices are also examined. The PC-AL linear correlation coefficient is highest, being 0.82 with peaks during the equinoctial season. As with the AL index, the PC index may also prove useful for predicting the intensity of an auroral substorm. Generally, the linear correlation coefficients are shown low in summer due to conductance differences and other factors. To assess the role of the PC index during the recovery phase of a storm, the relation between the cumulative PC index and the duration is examined. Although the correlation coefficient lowers with the storm size, it is clear that the average correlation coefficient is high. There is a tendency that duration of the recovery phase is longer as the PC index increases.

• 천문학회보
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.30.2-30.2
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• 2010

Numerous operational anomalies and satellite failures have been reported since the beginnings of the "space age". Space weather effects on modern spacecraft systems have been emphasized more and more as increasing their complexity and capability. Energetic particles potentially can destroy and degrade electronic components in satellites. We analyzed the geostationary (GEO) satellite anomalies during 1997-2009 to search possible influences of space weather on the satellite anomalies like power problem, control processor problem, attitude control problem, etc. For this we use particle data from GOES and LANL satellites to investigate space weather effects on the GEO satellites' anomalies depending on Kp index, local time, seasonal variation, and high-energy electron contribution. As results, we obtained following results: (1) there is a good correlation between geomagnetic index(Kp) and anomaly occurrences of the GEO satellite; (2) especially during the solar minimum, occurrence of the satellite anomalies are related to electron flux increase due to high speed solar wind; (3) satellite anomalies occurred more preferentially in the midnight and dawn sector than noon and dusk sector; (4) and the anomalies occurred twice more in Spring and Fall than Summer and Winter; (5) the electron with the lowest energy channel (50-75keV) has the highest correlation (cc=0.758) with the anomalies. High association between the anomalies and the low energy electrons could be understand by the facts that electron fluxes in the spring and fall are stronger than those in the summer and winter, and low-energy electron flux is more concentrated in the dawn sector where the GEO satellite anomalies occurred more frequently than high-energy electron flux. While we could not identify what cause such local time dependences, our results shows that low-energy electrons (~100keV) could be main source of the satellite anomaly, which should be carefully taken into account of operating satellites.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.287-293
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• 2016

The equatorial region of the Earth's ionosphere exhibits large temporal variations in electron density that have significant implications on satellite signal transmissions. In this paper, the first observation results of the variations in the trough of the equatorial ionospheric anomaly at the permanent Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) site in Chuuk (Geographic: $7.5^{\circ}N$, $151.9^{\circ}E$; Geomagnetic: $0.4^{\circ}N$) are presented. It was found that the daytime Global Positioning System (GPS) total electron content (TEC) values vary according to the 27 day period of solar rotation, and that these trends show sharp contrast with those of summer. The amplitudes of the semi-annual anomaly were 12.4 TECU (33 %) on $19^{th}$ of March and 8.8 TECU (23 %) on $25^{th}$ of October respectively, with a yearly averaged value of 38.0 TECU. The equinoctial asymmetry at the March equinox was higher than that at the October equinox rather than the November equinox. Daily mean TEC values were higher in December than in June, which could be interpreted as annual or winter anomalies. The nighttime GPS TEC enhancements during 20:00-24:00 LT also exhibited the semi-annual variation. The pre-midnight TEC enhancement could be explained with the slow loss process of electron density that is largely produced during the daytime of equinox. However, the significant peaks around 22:00-23:00 LT at the spring equinox require other mechanisms other than the slow loss process of the electron density.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.841-848
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• 2023

위성 항법 장치 (GPS; global positioning system) 항법메시지에 포함된 Klobuchar 전리층모델은 L1 단주파수 사용자들에게 전리층 보정정보를 제공한다. 전리층모델 정확도는 항법해의 정확도에 큰영향을 끼치므로 이에 관한 분석이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 1993년부터 2022년까지의 GPS 항법메시지를 조사하여 Klobuchar 모델의정확도 및 계수 존재 여부와 효용성 여부를 분석 하였다. 초기 GPS 항법메시지의 경우 전리층데이터를 포함하지 않는 경우가 많으며, 전리층모델을 포함되어 있더라도 정확도가 상당히 낮은 경우가 많이 존재하였다. 전리층모델의 정확도가 안정화된 2002년부터 2022년까지 전리층모델의 정확도 변화와 지자기 위도에 따른 정확도 차이를 IGS (International GNSS Service)에서 제공하는 전리층모델과 비교하는 방법으로 분석하였다.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.29-42
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• 2003

2002년 11월에 발사된 과학로켓 KSR-111에 자세제어를 위한 정보 획득용 3축 Fluxgate 자력계 (AIM: Attitude Information Magnetometer)와 지구 자기장 섭동 측정용 Search-Coil 자력계(SIM: Scientific Investigation Magnetometer)가 탑재되었다. SIM은 지구 자기장 중 약 10～1,000Ha주파수 대의 섭동 현상을 관측한다. AIM을 통해 측정한 지구 자기장의 DC 벡터 성분을 지구 자기장의 기준 모델인 IGRF(International Geomagnetic Reference Field)와 비교하여 로켓의 위치와 비행 상태를 파악하는 프로그램 1과 KSR-Ⅲ에서 측정된 실제 데이터를 이용해 시간에 따른 회전 각의 변화를 알아보는 프로그램 2를 개발하였다. 알고리즘 개발시 자세제어의 요소로서 데이터 처리 속도, 로켓의 비행역학 등을 고려하였고, 이로 인한 오차를 감안하기 위해 최소자승법을 사용하였다. 프로그램 2를 실행하여 얻은 값으로(항우연 자료 비교분석한 결과 내용), 자력계를 로켓의 자세 제 어용으로는 부적합하나 붐(boom)이 장착된 로켓에 탑재할 경우 지구 상충의 자기장을 측정하여 분석할 수 있다. 또한 발사 전 로켓 몸체와 마운트의 자기장을 측정하여 로켓의 자기장'분포를 미리 모델링화 할 경우 자료 처리가 훨씬 용이하다.