• Title/Summary/Keyword: geological differences

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Changes in Geological Contents Knowledge and Self-confidence of Pre-service Elementary Teachers before and after Geological Field Trips (지질답사 전후 예비 초등 교사의 지질 영역에 대한 지식과 지질답사에 대한 자신감의 변화)

  • Lee, Myeon-U
    • Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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    • v.29 no.4
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    • pp.484-495
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    • 2010
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate changes in geological contents knowledge and self-confidence before and after the geological field trips. Fifty seven undergraduate students at a national university of education participated in this study. The questionnaires were developed by the researcher to serve the purpose. Findings were as follows. First, before and after the geological field trip, there was no significant difference in changes of geological content knowledge (p<.05). However, participants' self-confidence about the geological field trip changed significantly (p<.01). Second, there were no significant differences in changes of both variables in terms of gender (p<.05). And in this study, participants were grouped into two: science track that selected science areas and non-science track with social study selected in the college scholastic ability test. There were also no significant differences in changes of geological contents knowledge and self-confidence in terms of science or non-science track (p<.05). Third, in terms of the geological content knowledge, 24 pre-service teachers showed an increase, 12 students unchanged, and the 21 participants decreased. In contrast, per participants' self-confidence about the geological field trip, fifty three students indicated an increase with only one participant unchanged, and three preservice teachers decreased on the score. Finally, after the geological field trip, participants' comments indicated that they could feel the mystery of nature with the mind of a great experience. As a result, data showed that pre-service teachers became interested in geology, and motivated more in learning geological area than ever.

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The Research for Relationships between Concentration of Indoor Radon and Distribution of Soil Geological Map using GIS : Based on the Hwacheon and Jangsu Areas (지리정보시스템(GIS)을 이용한 토양지질도 분포와 실내라돈 상관성 연구 : 화천 및 장수의 사례를 근거로)

  • Kwon, Myunghee;Lee, Jaewon;Kim, Seongmi;Lee, Jungsub;Jung, Joonsig;Yoo, Juhee;Lee, Kyusun;Song, Suckhwan
    • Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.333-351
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    • 2017
  • Objectives: This study examines the relationships between indoor radon concentrations and distribution from soil geological mapping in the Hwacheon and Jangsu areas. Methods: GIS and a pivot table were used for inquiries about indoor radon contents, soil characteristics, and geological differences. Results: The Hwacheon area was characterized by the presence of normal and reverse faults as a passage of runoff for radon, sufficient occurrences of minerals containing uranium within granite as a radon source, a high concentration of radon within the granite area and clear differences of radon concentrations between granitic and metamorphic areas. The Jangsu area was characterized by the presence of normal faults, wide distributions of alluvium, and ambiguities on radon concentrations indoors among areas of geological differences. Considering the granite area and alluvium surrounded with granite areas, the characteristics of radon concentrations within soils and indoors in the Jangsu area are similar to those of the Hwacheon area. High concentrations are found with entisol and inceptisol in the Hawcheon area, but with entisol, inceptisol, and ultisol in the Jangsu area. High radon concentrations are found in sandy loam and/or loam. High concentrations are found in recently constructed or brick buildings, but low concentrations in traditional or prefabricated houses showing a high possibility of outward flow. Conclusions: The overall results suggest that radon concentrations in the Hwacheon and Jangsu area are dominantly influenced by geological characteristics with additional artificial influences.

Comparison of Geological Terminology Used in South and North Korea (남북한 지질학 용어의 비교 분석)

  • Kim, Jeong-Yul;Choi, Keun-Su
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.24 no.8
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    • pp.691-703
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    • 2003
  • Geological terminology used in Korea which has been politically separated for the last 50 years, were compared. For this study, geological terminology used in 'Geology of Korea' published in North Korea (1996), 'Geology of Korea' published in South Korea (1999) and other geological publications were compared. Among the 1272 geological terminology used in North Korea, 49 are for geochronology, 201 for mineralogy, 199 for petrology, 257 for structural geology, 93 for paleontology, and 473 for general geology. Out of these geological terminology, 657 (51.7%) have the same pronunciation and meaning as those used in South Korea 370 (29.1%) are analogous words, and 245 (19.2%)cannot be understood because of differences in the means of expression. Differences in geological terminology used in the two Koreas are thought to be mainly caused by language used only in North Korea, different foreign language interpretation, different initial law application, new connecting word construction, and influence from different cultures.

Effects of spatial variability of earthquake ground motion in cable-stayed bridges

  • Ferreira, Miguel P.;Negrao, Joao H.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.23 no.3
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    • pp.233-247
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    • 2006
  • Most codes of practice state that for large in-plane structures it is necessary to account for the spatial variability of earthquake ground motion. There are essentially three effects that contribute for this variation: (i) wave passage effect, due to finite propagation velocity; (ii) incoherence effect, due to differences in superposition of waves; and (iii) the local site amplification due to spatial variation in geological conditions. This paper discusses the procedures to be undertaken in the time domain analysis of a cable-stayed bridge under spatial variability of earthquake ground motion. The artificial synthesis of correlated displacements series that simulate the earthquake load is discussed first. Next, it is described the 3D model of the International Guadiana Bridge used for running tests with seismic analysis. A comparison of the effects produced by seismic waves with different apparent propagation velocities and different geological conditions is undertaken. The results in this study show that the differences between the analysis with and without spatial variability of earthquake ground motion can be important for some displacements and internal forces, especially those influenced by symmetric modes.

Comparison of the Paleontological Heritages of South Korea with Those of North Korea: Implications for Potential International Heritages

  • Kim, Jeong Yul;Park, Won Mi
    • Journal of the Korean earth science society
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.67-88
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    • 2018
  • The important PH (paleontological heritages) with scientific, educational and esthetic values designated as natural monuments and protected by legislations of South and North Koreas are herein compared for the first time. On the basis of data (Jan. 2017) provided by the Cultural Heritage Administration of (South) Korea, a total of 457 natural monuments was designated. Of these, geological heritages are 80 in number, which includes 24 (30%) PH. Data (Dec. 2005) of North Korea show that a total of 474 natural monuments was designated. Among these, geological and geographical ones are 154 in number, which includes 22 (14%) PH. Differences between PH of South and North Koreas are regarded to be directly related with geological difference in distribution of the fossil-bearing strata between South and North Koreas. PH of Silurian corals, Devonian plants, Jurassic fishes, Cretaceous dinosaur tracks, birds (so called Korean Archaeopteryx) and pterosaurs, and Pleistocene paleoanthropological fossils appear to be scientifically significant. Together with these North Korean PH, scientific, esthetic, conservational, educational, and economical values of important PH including KCDC (Korean Cretaceous Dinosaur Coast), Jigunsan Shale, and Geumgwangdong Shale of South Korea should be evaluated as potential future candidates for international heritages.

Effect of Occupational Health and Safety Management System on Work-Related Accident Rate and Differences of Occupational Health and Safety Management System Awareness between Managers in South Korea's Construction Industry

  • Yoon, Seok J.;Lin, Hsing K.;Chen, Gang;Yi, Shinjea;Choi, Jeawook;Rui, Zhenhua
    • Safety and Health at Work
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.201-209
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    • 2013
  • Background: The study was conducted to investigate the current status of the occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) in the construction industry and the effect of OHSMS on accident rates. Differences of awareness levels on safety issues among site general managers and occupational health and safety (OHS) managers are identified through surveys. Methods: The accident rates for the OHSMS-certified construction companies from 2006 to 2011, when the construction OHSMS became widely available, were analyzed to understand the effect of OHSMS on the work-related injury rates in the construction industry. The Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency 18001 is the certification to these companies performing OHSMS in South Korea. The questionnaire was created to analyze the differences of OHSMS awareness between site general managers and OHS managers of construction companies. Results: The implementation of OHSMS among the top 100 construction companies in South Korea shows that the accident rate decreased by 67% and the fatal accident rate decreased by 10.3% during the period from 2006 to 2011. The survey in this study shows different OHSMS awareness levels between site general managers and OHS managers. The differences were motivation for developing OHSMS, external support needed for implementing OHSMS, problems and effectiveness of implementing OHSMS. Conclusion: Both work-related accident and fatal accident rates were found to be significantly reduced by implementing OHSMS in this study. The differences of OHSMS awareness between site general managers and OHS managers were identified through a survey. The effect of these differences on safety and other benefits warrants further research with proper data collection.

Review on $M_L$ Scales in Southern Korea (한반도 남부의 지역규모식 검토)

  • Shin, Jin-Soo;Chi, Heon-Cheol;Cho, Chang-Soo
    • Journal of the Korean Geophysical Society
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    • v.8 no.4
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    • pp.207-209
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    • 2005
  • The local magnitude scales yield in the Southern Korean Peninsula following the Richter's original definition are reviewed. In order to compare the previous ML scales, the new distance correction term of ML scale is derived as - log A 0 = 1.017 log ( r/17) + 0.00028 ( r-17)2 + 2 .0 using broadband velocity seismograms from 126 local events occured from 2000 to 2004. The attenuation rate of this formula fall between those of western and eastern North America. This result is in nearly accord with the ML scales proposed by Kim and Park(2002). The differences between various ML scales is owing to insufficient seismic data not to distribute whole area of Southern Korea.

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Location of Recent Micro-earthquakes in the Gyeongju Area (최근 경주지역 미소지진 진원 위치)

  • Han, Minhui;Kim, Kwang-Hee;Son, Moon;Kang, Su Young;Park, Jung-Ho
    • Geophysics and Geophysical Exploration
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    • v.19 no.2
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    • pp.97-104
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    • 2016
  • Small to large earthquakes have been reported in Gyeongju and its vicinity in southeast Korea during historical period as well as instrumental observation period. We identified and located more than 300 earthquakes that occurred between January 2010 and December 2014 in a $20km{\times}30km$ area, but were unreported because of their small magnitudes. We used the Joint Hypocenter Determination (JHD) method to minimize the influence of the differences between the actual earth structure and 1-D velocity model for earthquake locations. The potential relationship between the previously reported Quaternary faults and the earthquake hypocenters was investigated. Many micro-earthquakes were found to be located in the southern segment of the Yeonil Tectonic Line, the Seokup fault, and the Waup basin boundary faults.

Study of Geological Log Database for Public Wells, Jeju Island (제주도 공공 관정 지질주상도 DB 구축 소개)

  • Pak, Song-Hyon;Koh, Giwon;Park, Junbeom;Moon, Dukchul;Yoon, Woo Seok
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.48 no.6
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    • pp.509-523
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    • 2015
  • This study introduces newly implemented geological well logs database for Jeju public water wells, built for a research project focusing on integrated hydrogeology database of Jeju Island. A detailed analysis of the existing 1,200 Jeju Island geological logs for the public wells developed since 1970 revealed six major indications to be improved for their use in Jeju geological logs DB construction: (1) lack of uniformity in rock name classification, (2) poor definitions of pyroclastic deposits and sand and gravel layers, (3) lack of well borehole aquifer information, (4) lack of information on well screen installation in many water wells, (5) differences by person in geological logging descriptions. A new Jeju geological logs DB enabling standardized input and output formats has been implemented to overcome the above indications by reestablishing the names of Jeju volcanic and sedimentary rocks and utilizing a commercial, database-based input structured, geological log program. The newly designed database structure in geological log program enables users to store a large number of geology, well drilling, and test data at the standardized DB input structure. Also, well borehole groundwater and aquifer test data can be easily added without modifying the existing database structure. Thus, the newly implemented geological logs DB could be a standardized DB for a large number of Jeju existing public wells and new wells to be developed in the future at Jeju Island. Also, the new geological logs DB will be a basis for ongoing project 'Developing GIS-based integrated interpretation system for Jeju Island hydrogeology'.

Study on Major Mineral Distribution Characteristics in Groundwater in South Korea (국내 지하수의 주요 미네랄 분포 특성에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jeonghee;Ryoo, Rina;Lee, Jongsu;Song, Daesung;Lee, Young-Joo;Jun, Hang-Bae
    • Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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    • v.38 no.10
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    • pp.566-573
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    • 2016
  • In order to support effective usage of groundwater as an alternative water resource in future, we investigated distribution characteristics of minerals related with human health. While recent studies tended to focus on small scale, this study broadened research area up to nationwide scale to understand groundwater hydrology and regional, geological distributions of minerals in wide area; we investigated mineral distributions of national groundwater monitoring networks, developed GIS-based mineral maps, and reviewed correlation with geological features. As a result, calcium showed the highest concentration among 5 minerals (Ca, Mg, Na, K, Si) and potassium showed the lowest. Calcium concentration in limestone and sedimentary zone was the highest, and that in pore-volcanic-rock zone was the lowest. While calcium, magnesium and sodium showed differences in concentrations in intrusive-igneous-rock and sedimentary zone, potassium was not within geological features. When we studied regional differences, there were no tendency, but Jeju and Gangwon area showed differences in concentrations of calcium and silica.