• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.946-951
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• 2003

The Genetic diversity and relationship of native Siri (Bos indicus) cattle populations of Bhutan were evaluated using 20 microsatellite markers. A total of 120 Siri cattle were sampled and were grouped into four populations according to their geographical locations which were named Siri West, Siri South, Siri Central and Siri East cattle. For each, 30 individuals were sampled. In addition, 30 samples each of Indian Jaba (B. indicus), Tibetan Goleng (B. taurus), Nepal Hill cattle (B. indicus), Holstein Friesian (B.taurus) and Mithun (B. frontalis) were typed. The mean number of alleles per loci (MNA) and observed heterozygosity (Ho) were high in the Siri populations ($MNA=7.2{\pm}0.3$ to $8.9{\pm}0.5$ and $Ho=0.67{\pm}0.04$ to $0.73{\pm}0.03$). The smallest coefficient of genetic differentiation and genetic distance ($F_{ST}=0.015$ and $D_A=0.073$) were obtained between Siri West and Siri Central populations. Siri East population is genetically distinct from the other Siri populations being close to the Indian Jaba ($F_{ST}=0.024$ and $D_A=0.084$). A high bootstrap value of 96% supported the close relationship of Siri South, Siri Central and Siri West, while the relationship between Siri East and Jaba was also supported by a high bootstrap value (82%). Data from principal component analysis and individual assignment test were in concordance with the inference from genetic distance and differentiation. In conclusion we identified two separate Siri cattle populations in Bhutan at the genetic level. One population included Siri cattle sampled from the West, Central and South of the country and the other Siri cattle was sampled from the East of the country. We suggest that Siri cattle conservation program in Bhutan should focus on the former population as it has received less genetic influence from other cattle breeds.

• 한국의상디자인학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.61-77
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• 2018

The primary focus of this thesis is to look at Scythai's historical, geographical and ethnologic background in order to understand Scythai's garment types and styles as described in Scythai-related documented records, previous studies and excavated artifacts. Based upon this, another objective lies in comparing and contrasting this information with ancient Korean garments to identify what kind of relationship exists between the two. The result from this study's objectives is summarized as follows. Firstly, ancient Korean and Scythai share similarities in art work, craftwork, accessories and the like, which allows us to make a guess at the relationship between ancient Korea and Scythai of that time. Secondly, Scythai garments are based on the tight and well-fitted Caftan Yugoje, which is tightly fit to the body, as well as including garments similar to the drapery Kiton and Tunic found in ancient Greek garments, from which can be seen that the garment of culture medium passing between the East and the West had nomadic horse-riders' ethnic characteristics and Eurasian characteristics. Thirdly, ancient Korean Scythai garments were found to have homogeneity in their garment culture in that northern nomadic cultural district's Hobok-Goseupje, i.e., open-front Caftan Jeogori and pants called Sangeuihago is its basic with a triangular cone hat shape (transformed hat) and boots, which is the basis for considering that ancient Korea exchanged culture with Scythai, who once lived as active northern nomads. However, it can also be seen that ancient Korea and Scythai garments differed in form depending on region, weather, culture, custom and the like. As such, Scythai and ancient Korea have an aesthetic bond because northern nomads and Scythai exchanged their cultural traits of the times. The evidence supports this idea as it seems that the characteristics of garments that can be considered to be Scythain in style are also commonly discovered in ancient Korean garments.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.57-65
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• 2004

The space is formed in close connection with a human life style, and whose significance is interpreted and recognized by characteristics given in the life culture to which they belong to. The spacial concept in terms of recognition plays an important role in the design of spaces. The understandings of its identity is an indispensable factor to forming the proper relation between the human beings and the space. This paper is the inquiry and the arrangement for geographical, thinking, and beauty-conscious features of Japan by the researches on documentary records in order to reveal the relationship between recognition and space as mentioned aboved. Also this paper presents the frame(system) which can draw the method of space construction and its expression and then seize and analyze the reality of space by re-arrangement for these various cultural background on the center of the relationship with Japanese spacial cognition. And this paper analyzed and arranged expressive features for Japanese spacial concepts by applying this analysis frame to contemporary commercial spaces in Japan. In results this research revealed that Japanese spacial features is always in the consciousness for cognitive space on the design of space , and in the features the neutral and several layered spaces are showed in complexed and mutual connected forms. These may be the methods for the relationship establishment between human and space on the ground of unique spacial concepts which is commonly found not only in traditional spaces but also in contemporary spaces in Japan.

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.289-295
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• 2016

Study on characteristics of the molluscan community structure and relationship between the structure and environmental variables in the abyssal plain of the East Sea was carried out for 5 years, starting from 2009 until the end of 2015 except 2010 and 2011. The water depth at the study site is approximately 1,600 m at minimum, and maximum depth of 2,000 m and a total of 16 molluscan species including Aplacophora, Gastropoda and Bivalvia were observed. Species with the highest biomass was Thyasira tokunagai, followed by Yoldiella philippiana which were observed at 9 sampling stations every year. Among 4 sampling stations having various depths (1,600/ 1,700/ 1,800/ 2,000 m), the highest diversity for species was observed at water depths of 1,600 m and 1,700 m, but found the lowest at 1,800 m. Both abundance and biomass were found to be negative correlations with water depth (p < 0.05), however, showed a positive correlation with the concentrations of organic matters (p < 0.01, p < 0.05). However, it is interesting to note that both Thyasira tokunagai (biomass, 82.6%; abundance, 44.1%) and Yoldiella philippiana (biomass, 15.9%; abundance, 4.7%) did not show distinctive correlations with water depth as well as concentrations of organic matters (p > 0.05). Therefore, it could be concluded that community structure of both Thyasira tokunagai and Yoldiella philippiana did not appear to be affected by water depth and concentrations of organic matters but geographical characteristics.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.39-57
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• 1996

All kinds of environmental problems are related to each local and geographical environment. For this reason, it is necessary for schools in each region to provide environmental education which suits the geographical character of their particular region. In order to provide solutions to the environmental problems of each school's geographic region, the goal of this research is as follows: 1. We can make students realize the relationship between the human race and the environment by teaching according to the environmental conditions in each local area. 2. By teaching students about the problems in their own local environment, we can increase their concern about the state of their local surroundings. 3. When teaching about the environment, it is useful to use educational material which suits the character of each local region. 4. Students' interest in environmental preservation can be aroused through extracurricular environmental activities. The ares concerned are Chonnam and Kwangju City, which are divided into urban, industrial, rural, coastal, and mountainous areas. The conclusion about considering environmental education in environmental school social studies is as follows: 1. Kwangju and Chonnam should be divided into five sections, each with similar geographical environments. This will be an improvement over the old uniform approach to environmental studies in which all regions were treated as being the same each region will now receive special attention. 2. It is necessary to maximize the efficient use of the Environmental Education Building. When Media, environmental data and special materials for environmental education are used effectively, teachers can lead class effectively and students will be more interested in the class. 3. We can detect the cause of pollution, increase interest in the environment and easily solve environmental problems by collecting and displaying environmental educational materials. 4. An environmental education corner could boost students' interest in environmental problems and could act as a kind of bridge between theoretical and practical education. 5. Media and environmental data must be specialized according to the geographic character of each region. In this way, we can expect to improve the quality of environmental education over the simplistic environmental education of previous years. 6. Students will become interested in the problems of the region in which they live through social studies, and primarily through the environmental curriculum. 7. We can prevent learning deficiencies by making a consistent teaching plan. The teaching and learning methods will be improved and the teachers will be proud of what they teach. 8. The purpose of the Education Procedure Content Analysis is to make teaching and learning concise and easy by systematizing environmental and related subjects. This can be done by adding an environmental unit to the geographic section of social studies. 9. Citizens' interest in their own residential environment can be increased through action by sustaining environmental preservation movements to local region people.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.143-166
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• 2016

본 연구는 치유의 경관 중 영적 치유의 경관을 한국 천주교 순례지의 사례를 통해 고찰하는 것에 목적을 두고 있다. 박해의 역사로 점철된 한국 천주교 순례지는 약 300여개가 전국적으로 퍼져있으며, 이는 조성형, 선택형, 체험형 등으로 유형을 나눌 수 있다. 조성형 순례지에는 천주교를 상징하는 조형물이 곳곳에 배치되어 있지만, 황량하거나 혹은 도심 속에 숨어있는 듯 조성되어 있어 종교의 치유적 요소가 주는 정서적인 안정감 혹은 절대적 신이 돌보고 있다는 점을 느끼기에는 다소 한계가 있다고 판단된다. 선택형 순례지에는 순례자들이 직접 신성한 경험을 체험할 수 있도록 종교적 요소들을 순례지의 구석구석에 배치했으며, 종교적 요소의 예는 박물관, 청원기도, 십자가의 길, 묵주기도의 길, 성모마리아상, 천주교 관련 조형물 등을 들 수 있다. 그렇지만 순례자들이 얼마만큼 적극적으로 그 종교적 요소를 체험하느냐에 따라 치유의 정도와 강도는 천차만별이 될 수 있다. 마지막으로 체험형 순례지는 일정한 프로그램 안에서 다양한 종교적 요소를 경험하게 되는 것을 의미한다. 이러한 체험은 개인이 아니라 순례자 집단을 위한 것이며, 여기에서 형성된 대인관계는 참여자들에 대한 관심의 네트워크로 승화되고, 승화된 타인을 향한 열린 마음은 정서적 안정과 감정의 해소, 진정성 충만한 심도 있는 치유에 닿을 수 있도록 하는 힘이 된다. 종교적 요소를 통한 영적 치유는 궁극적으로 인간의 한계와 세상의 유한성을 깨닫고, 절대적 신에게 자신을 스스로 내어놓는 것을 말하며, 이러한 영혼의 의식을 자유롭게 펼칠 수 있는 장이 바로 영적 치유의 경관이라 할 수 있다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.160-171
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• 2017

Larvae of Bradysia agrestis, an insect vector that transports plant pathogens, were sampled from geographically isolated regions in Korea to identify their cutaneous fungal and bacterial flora. Sampled areas were chosen within the distribution range of B. agrestis; each site was more than 91 km apart to ensure geographical segregation. We isolated 76 microbial (fungi and bacteria) strains (site 1, 29; site 2, 29; site 3, 18 strains) that were identified on the basis of morphological differences. Species identification was molecularly confirmed by determination of universal fungal internal transcribed spacer and bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences in comparison to sequences in the EzTaxon database and the NCBI GenBank database, and their phylogenetic relationships were determined. The fungal isolates belonged to 2 phyla, 5 classes, and 7 genera; bacterial species belonged to 23 genera and 32 species. Microbial diversity differed significantly among the geographical groups with respect to Margalef's richness (3.9, 3.6, and 4.5), Menhinick's index (2.65, 2.46, and 3.30), Simpson's index (0.06, 0.12, and 0.01), and Shannon's index (2.50, 2.17, and 2.58). Although the microbial genera distribution or diversity values clearly varied among geographical groups, common genera were identified in all groups, including the fungal genus Cladosporium, and the bacterial genera Bacillus and Rhodococcus. According to classic principles of co-evolutionary relationship, these genera might have a closer association with their host insect vector B. agrestis than other genera identified. Some cutaneous bacterial genera (e.g., Pseudomonas) displaying weak interdependency with insect vectors may be hazardous to agricultural environments via mechanical transmission via B. agrestis. This study provides comprehensive information regarding the cutaneous microflora of B. agrestis, which can help in the control of such pests for crop management.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.147-165
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• 2020

본 논문은 해외동반진출의 관점에서 한국 전자산업 하청기업의 해외진출과정을 유발한 요인과 생산네트워크의 변화에 대한 분석을 목적으로 한다. 한국 전자산업 하청기업의 해외동반진출을 살펴보기 위하여 심층인터뷰가 진행되었다. 한국 전자산업 하청기업의 경우 초국적기업의 공급자로 역할하며 최근 이들과 베트남 북부지역으로 동반진출이 나타나고 있다. 1990년대부터 시작한 한국 기업의 베트남 투자는 초기 섬유·의복 산업을 중심으로 베트남 남부지역에 투자가 집중되었으나, 2000년대 말 한국 전자산업 초국적기업의 베트남 진출 이후 전자산업의 베트남 북부 진출이 가속화되고 있다. 한국 전자산업의 해외동반진출은 물리적 근접성, 비대칭적 기업간 관계, 네트워크 착근성 세 가지 측면에서 나타나게 되었다. 해외동반진출과정을 겪으며, 베트남에는 기존 한국 전자산업 생산네트워크가 베트남 현지에 이식되어 부분적으로 수정되고 있음을 확인하였다. 이는 해외동반진출과정에서 기존 기업의 위계성과 거래관계 변화의 어려움에 영향을 받았기 때문이다. 한국 초국적기업은 하청기업과의 해외동반진출을 통해 현지의 안정적인 공급자를 구축하고자 하였고, 해외동반진출 하청기업에게 재무적·비재무적 지원을 제공하고 있다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.31-50
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• 2005

본 연구의 목적은 IMF 외환위기 기간(1996-2001)동안의 지역 자료를 활용하여, 지식기반경제에 있어서 지역의 지식연계망 기능을 분석하는데 있다. 특히, 지역혁신과 관련하여 지역간 지식연계망에 관한 다음과 같은 사항을 구명하고자 하였다. 첫째, 지역에서 지역간 지식연계망을 어떻게 구별할 수 있는가? 둘째, 실물 경제와 지역간 지식 연계망의 관계는 무엇인가? 이러한 의문 사항을 해결하기 위하여, 본 연구에서는 실물 경제의 변화와 지역간 지식연계망 간의 관계를 분석하기 위해서 사회 연계망 분석법을 활용하였으며, 실증분석을 위해서 1996년부터 2001 년까지의 16개 시도의 지역 고용 자료를 사용하였다. 주요 분석 결과로는 먼저 지역간 지식연계망의 집중도와 실물 경제의 경제성장률과는 양의 상관관계를 갖고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 또한 지역간 지식연계망의 밀도와 표준편차는 실물 경제의 경제성장률과는 음의 상관관계를 갖고 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.419-430
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• 2017

본 연구는 전시회 이미지가 방문객 만족과 행동의도(재방문 및 추천), 그리고 방문객 만족이 행동의도에 미치는 영향관계를 검증함에 목적이 있었다. 이에 대전국제와인페어 방문객 489명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며, 실증분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 지역 전시회 이미지 분석결과 6개 요인(신기성, 체험성, 구매성, 유희성 및 이용성)이 도출되었다. 둘째, 전시회 이미지 요인에서 신기성, 체험성, 구매성, 유희성 및 이용성 요인의 순으로 방문객 만족에 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났으나, 향토성 요인은 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 재방문과 전시회 이미지 요인 간 영향 관계에서 신기성, 구매성, 체험성, 유희성, 향토성 및 이용성 요인의 순으로 영향력이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 추천의도와 전시회 이미지 요인간 영향력 검증 결과, 신기성, 체험성, 유희성 및 구매성 요인이 추천의도에 유의한 영향을 미쳤으나 향토성 및 이용성 요인은 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다섯째, 방문객 만족은 행동의도(재방문 및 추천)에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것을 나타났다.