• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.44-54
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• 2005

Most advanced countries in GIS field have established and managed georeferenced socioeconomic data systematically and made a great profit on various social and economic areas. In Korea, however, socioeconomic geographical information is relatively poor compared to systems related to geographical and topographical features. This is mainly due to the characteristics of the process from the construction to the utilization of socioeconomic data. That is, from the stage of data construction, socioeconomic data require solutions for frequent changes compared to data on geographical and topographical features and, because of difficulties in marking the positions of individual entities, information is built up through setting appropriate spatial units of aggregation. In the stage of data utilization, the data often need to be combined with other types of socioeconomic data due to the complexity of socioeconomic phenomena. Thus, the this study examined usability of GIS in socioeconomic fields and the spatial dimension of socioeconomic information through representative cases of GIS in developed countries and, based on the results, derived data requirements for socioeconomic GIS found in the construction and utilization of data and proposed solutions for the requirements.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.82-94
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• 1999

According to Korean's geographical features of Taek Li Ji, the best location for human settlements is on the vicinity of a stream among a stream, an river and a sea, and not far from a ridge. The researcher chose one of best village which is called Yougokmaeul in Bonghwa-Gun, Kyungsang-Do. This village was created a gathering village with the same surname, can be translated as a hen and the front mountain can be seen as a rooster in the view of the shape of geographical features. As it were, the shape of this village and the cultivated land seems to be an egg inside a nest of a parent's chicken in the respect of the analogy of the theory of P'ungsuchiri which is known as Feng Shui in China and geomancy in the western world, and to effect the defensive psychology of the living environment in the terrain inland. This village is the studying place, Suckchunjungsa as the lecturing and studying place for their following students within the Chunghadonchun, the studying Yougok village, and even the ritual place performing ancestral sacrifices and the first incoming ancestor's graves in the same geographical system. The house site of the first incoming resident is surrounded the countian and is located in the front of Backsulryount which is the main mountain through Moonsu-san in the branch mountain of Korean's mountain system. Backsulryoung which is to be seen as the white peak, is symbolized the head of a hen which is to relate to a mysterious turtle in the view of P'ungsuchiri. And the pavilion which is called Chungamjung is sited on the rock of a shape of turtle which is symbolized to live longer. In the section of the mountain and water, Lee Jung Hwan mentioned a living place near the mountain stream is the best residential area and a landscape which is composed by a stream between mountains make a pleasure spirit and a bright feeling and make a refined person. If one can reach in the graceful mountain make a pleasure split and a bright feeling and make a refined person. If one can reach in the graceful mountain half day away, this kind of place must be a best living residential area to live. But this village was structured all in one place. And one of the ideas tangibly reflected in traditional Korean society's view of life and nature is the seclusion based on the Taoism. This kind of a dreamy thoughts make a dream to keep the paradise in our ancestors' mind. This kind of utopia is Chunghadonchun which is structured 5 aspects from the utopian gate near the Samgaesuewon to the village. These 5aspects is expressed by some Confucian thoughts as a small cosmos individually. On the third aspects which is the center among these aspects, the Suckchunjungsa which was made a seclusion place to devoting himself to his studies with refined tastes. The word of Jiju-am, Gangpung-dae, Jaewol-dae and Biryoung-pock are all expressed to cultivate one's moral character and to seek the truth by the Confucius'theory through the nature.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.57-65
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• 2004

The space is formed in close connection with a human life style, and whose significance is interpreted and recognized by characteristics given in the life culture to which they belong to. The spacial concept in terms of recognition plays an important role in the design of spaces. The understandings of its identity is an indispensable factor to forming the proper relation between the human beings and the space. This paper is the inquiry and the arrangement for geographical, thinking, and beauty-conscious features of Japan by the researches on documentary records in order to reveal the relationship between recognition and space as mentioned aboved. Also this paper presents the frame(system) which can draw the method of space construction and its expression and then seize and analyze the reality of space by re-arrangement for these various cultural background on the center of the relationship with Japanese spacial cognition. And this paper analyzed and arranged expressive features for Japanese spacial concepts by applying this analysis frame to contemporary commercial spaces in Japan. In results this research revealed that Japanese spacial features is always in the consciousness for cognitive space on the design of space , and in the features the neutral and several layered spaces are showed in complexed and mutual connected forms. These may be the methods for the relationship establishment between human and space on the ground of unique spacial concepts which is commonly found not only in traditional spaces but also in contemporary spaces in Japan.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.151-164
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• 1996

The regional division by the characteristics of the drainage patterns is important to understand its physical environment comprehensively, because the drainage network develops in reflecting characteristics of geological, geographical and climatical features in the drainage basin keenly. This study is the attempt to divide physical region in China whose drainage pattern is diverse. Chinese drainage basin is mainly divided into the interior drainage basin and the peripheral drainage basin. The interior drainage basin is divided into (1)the deranged pattern and (2)the centripetal pattern. The peripheral drainage basin is divided into (1)the dendritic pattern, (2)the parallel pattern, (3)the radial pattern and (4)the anastomatic pattern. Drainage patterns of the interior drainage basin are formed by affecting geographical features and climatic conditions mainly. In the peripheral drainage basin, drainage patterns are formed by other factors: the parallel pattern is connected with geological structure lineament by tectonic movement, the radial pattern with changes of the river channel resulted from the Yellow River's overflow, the anastomotic pattern with human's activities. The distributional features of the physical region in China are as follows: The deranged pattern appears in Zangbai Plateau, the centripetal pattern does in arid basin of the northwest China. the parallel pattern does in Hengduan mountains affected strongly by tectonic movement between Yangtze paraplatform and Indian Plate, does in the upper stream of Yangtze River and Ganges River in the south of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, the radial pattern in Huaihe Haihe River drainage basin appearing in the alluvial fan region of Yellow River's downstream and the anastomotic pattern does in the delta of Yangtze River, in the northern coastal plain of the Jiangsu-Province and in the delta of Zhujiang River. Except these areas in the peripheral drainage basin, the dendritic pattern is usually found in the other areas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.64 no.4
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• pp.131-149
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• 2014

Tibetans are one of the ethnic Chinese minorities, and this research examined the characteristics and features of their traditional costumes by investigating their historical, geographical and cultural background. This research also examined the cultural elements according to their characteristics based on Tibet's nature, religion, arts culture such as the Jang-po, Chin-sam, Kam-kjun and belts, which are used to fix the costumes. Based on such studies the traditional Tibetan costumes were set as a motif and were expressed appropriately into a contemporary style. By studying the composition of its costumes and its costume culture, the characteristics of the Tibetan costumes could be classified into four features. First, the 'variability of form' expresses a new type depending on how it is worn. Second, the 'color contrast' shows a strong visual contrast. Third, the 'difference of materials' combines different materials into one. Fourth, the 'symbolic meaning' grants meaning to the wearer. As a result of this study, by using the characteristics of the Tibetan nature culture, religion culture and art culture as a basis, two suits of clothes for each characteristics and six suits of clothes were produced as a fashion design product.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2009

It is undertaken systematization of results of satellite and ground observation parameters characterizing a current condition and climatic variability of two selected geographical areas. One of them covers territory of Azerbaijan and another covers a wide area of Caspian See region. Average values and mean square deviations of following values are investigated: outgoing long wave radiation during a day and night (in nebulosity and cloudless). absorbed within a day of the stream of a sunlight of the system in "a terrestrial surface-atmosphere". degree of a covering by clouds of the selected areas during a day and at night, ground temperature values of air. pressure and speed of a wind. Monthly average values of corresponding parameters create a basis of suggested investigations. It has been presented features of a time course of investigated parameters for each month and year in the whole due to the continuously observations since 1982-2000. The scientific problem consists that there are no existed models which authentically would be cover the main aspects of a realities specified changes: they are identified by economic activities. growth of the population and other features of development of a human society or internal fluctuations of biogeophysical/climatic system. Possibilities of predictability of biosphere and climate changes depend on available timely supervision. adequacy of construction of appropriate models. understanding of mechanisms of direct and feedback influences in such complicated systems.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.251-256
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• 2004

This paper will show examples and methods of spatial relationship operations that extract spatial information from satellite images. Geographical information system phenomena of complex and variant real world can abstract and implement simple features. The abstract features classify geo_objects and geo_field. The geo_object and the geo_field can represent vector and raster respectively. The raster based satellite image can use remote sensing applications. This paper needs topology operations and geometric operations for extracting the remote sensing. The spatial information transforms the raster based image to the vector based object, and extract from the spatial information. The extracted information will contribute on the application of the remote sensing satellite images.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.10 no.5 s.23
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• pp.75-80
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• 2002

Depending upon geographical features and surrounding errors in the survey field, inaccurate positioning is inevitable in a kinematic DGPs survey. Therefore, a data inaccuracy detection algorithm and an interpolation algorithm are essential to meet the requirement of a digital map. In this study, GPS characteristics are taken into account to develop the data inaccuracy detection algorithm. Then, the data interpolation algothim is obtained, based on the feature type of the survey. A digital map for 20km of a rural highway is produced by the kinematic DGPS survey and the features of interests are lines associated with the road. Since the vertical variation of GPS data is relatively higher, the trimmed mean of vertical variation is used as criteria of the inaccuracy detection. Four cases of 0.5%, 1%, 2.5% and 5% trimmings have been experimented. Criteria of four cases are 69cm, 65cm, 61cm and 42cm, respectively. For the feature of a curved line, cublic spine interpolation is used to correct the inaccurate data. When the feature is more or less a straight line, the interpolation has been done by a linear polynomial. Difference between the actual distance and the interpolated distance are few centimeters in RMS.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.39 no.6_3
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• pp.1771-1777
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• 2023

With the advancements of deep learning, many semantic segmentation-based methods for land cover classification have been proposed. However, existing deep learning-based models only use image information and cannot guarantee spatiotemporal consistency. In this study, we propose a land cover classification model using geographical coordinates. First, the coordinate features are extracted through the Coordinate Hash Encoder, which is an extension of the Multi-resolution Hash Encoder, an implicit neural representation technique, to the longitude-latitude coordinate system. Next, we propose an architecture that combines the extracted coordinate features with different levels of U-net decoder. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves the mean intersection over union by about 32% and improves the spatiotemporal consistency.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.57-65
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• 2012

This work attempted to study the properties of expression of ground, the composition of outlook and the implications of the connotative symbolic scenery throughout investigating the properties of expression content and method of the scenery, outlook, viewpoint, natural features for each drawing and intention of making 4 old maps, which had been made in the period of the Great Korean Empire and had been called 'Wansan-dohyoung(完山圖形),' 'Jogyeongdan- bigak-jaesil-dohyoung(肇慶壇碑閣齋室圖形),' 'Jeonju-geonjisan-dohyoung(全州乾止山圖形)' and 'Jogyeongmyo-gyounggijeon-dohyoung(肇慶廟慶基殿圖形),' and analyzing the correlation between their drawings. For this aim, observatory investigation by using a map, on-spot investigation, analysis involving the satellite images and internet were carried out with literature review simultaneously. The result of investigation could be sum up as follows. Gyounggijeon(1410), Jogyeongmyo(1771) and Jogyeongdan(1899), where are the core space to lay the historically firm foundation for securing the fact Jeonju is the home of the Royal Family of Joseon, had been built, fixed and extended for giving legitimacy to the Joseon Dynasty and a part of strengthening of royal authority. And these had played an important role of spiritual mainstay from early in the Joseon Dynasty to the era of the Great Korean Empire and had been managed and maintained continuously. It is grasped that the 4 maps consist of Sanhyuoungdo(山形圖; a kind of a mountain map), which is the map for showing a burial place of Lee Han(李翰), the founder of the Joseon Dynasty, and its auxiliary drawings and these had been drawn intensively to justify dignity and authority of the Imperial Family and the Emperor after the name of country was renamed the Great Korean Empire as a part of national undertaking. In detail, Wansan-doghyoung is the key map for announcing the existence of Jogyeong-myo, Gyounggijeon and Jogyeongdan in Jeonju and informing their locations and Geonjisan-dohyoung is the map of divination based on topography for highlighting the geomantic justification of the founder's mausoleum. Jogyeongdan-bigak-jaesil-dohyooung is the partial map detailing for Geonjisan-dohyoung. Jeonju-geonjisan-dohyoung and Jogyeongmyo-gyounggijeon-dohyoung had employed the binary reduced scale and the bird-eye view method and in the above maps, Geonji Mountain is the main mountain and these maps make an exaggeration of the main geographical features, centering Wangjabong and Euimyoso, unlike the real geographical features. Also, the other main geographical features, which are found in the burial place, are expressed in detail by changing the view. In the point of view of 1 set being consisted of 4 maps, 'Wansan-dohyoung' has the property not only as Gunhyoundo, which Gun and Hyoun mean a unit of the administrative district, respectively and Gynhyoundo is a kind of the map for recording their locations, but also as the map of showing their locations. On the other side, 'Jogyoungmyogyounggijeondohyoung' is a kind of lay-out drawing as a partially detailed map. In addition, it has been found out that 'Jeonju-geonjisan-dohyoung' and 'Jogyeongdan-bigak-jaesil-dohyoung' is not only Pungsu- hyounggukdo having the function of Sanhyoungdo but also a detail drawing. On the base of these properties, it is considered that the functionality as a serial map had been strengthened, unlike the existing old maps.