• Environmental Analysis Health and Toxicology
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• v.30
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• pp.10.1-10.14
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• 2015

Recent cohort studies have relied on exposure prediction models to estimate individual-level air pollution concentrations because individual air pollution measurements are not available for cohort locations. For such prediction models, geographic variables related to pollution sources are important inputs. We demonstrated the computation process of geographic variables mostly recorded in 2010 at regulatory air pollution monitoring sites in South Korea. On the basis of previous studies, we finalized a list of 313 geographic variables related to air pollution sources in eight categories including traffic, demographic characteristics, land use, transportation facilities, physical geography, emissions, vegetation, and altitude. We then obtained data from different sources such as the Statistics Geographic Information Service and Korean Transport Database. After integrating all available data to a single database by matching coordinate systems and converting non-spatial data to spatial data, we computed geographic variables at 294 regulatory monitoring sites in South Korea. The data integration and variable computation were performed by using ArcGIS version 10.2 (ESRI Inc., Redlands, CA, USA). For traffic, we computed the distances to the nearest roads and the sums of road lengths within different sizes of circular buffers. In addition, we calculated the numbers of residents, households, housing buildings, companies, and employees within the buffers. The percentages of areas for different types of land use compared to total areas were calculated within the buffers. For transportation facilities and physical geography, we computed the distances to the closest public transportation depots and the boundary lines. The vegetation index and altitude were estimated at a given location by using satellite data. The summary statistics of geographic variables in Seoul across monitoring sites showed different patterns between urban background and urban roadside sites. This study provided practical knowledge on the computation process of geographic variables in South Korea, which will improve air pollution prediction models and contribute to subsequent health analyses.

• IE interfaces
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.142-152
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• 2012

Recently, the postal service encounters the various changes in the overall mail environment including the reduction of letter volume, keen competition of the private parcel service and EMS, diversification of customers' demand and etc. In this environment, Korea Post is considering new concept of postal service in order to provide the mail service based on informatization and automation to a client and secures the predominance in competition. We analyze the current environment of postal service for applying the gCRM (Geographic Customer Relationship Management). We propose some possible application fields and present an efficient phased application plan for each field.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.184-198
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• 1999

최근 개발의 압력을 받고 있는 충청북도 영동 민주지산을 대상으로 산림의 질을 평가하고 관리대상을 제시하고자 73개 조사구를 설정하여 조사를 실시하였다. 분석을 위해 27개의 식생과 지리정보변수를 마련하였다. 자료의 양을 줄이기 위해 ordination 기법과 요인분석을 사용하여 변수를 축소시켰다. 식생을 분석한 결과 다섯 개의 군집으로 분류되었으며, 이는 DCA에서도 비슷한 경향을 나타내었다. 요인분석에서는 13개의 변수가 5개가 요인으로 압축되었는데, 요인 1은 수종의 풍부도, 요인 2는 건중량, 요인 3은 밀도, 요인 4는 임령 그리고 요인 5는 지리적 특성으로 나뉘어졌다. 천이상황를 예측하는 모형은 다중회귀로 표현되었고, 주요 변수로는 유기물의 깊이, Shannon의 종다양도 그리고 흉고직경이 사용되었다. 그리고 GIS를 이용한 산림관리의 의사결정과정을 도출하였다.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.297-303
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• 2012

Slope is the geographic factor reflecting the 3-dimensional features of basin and it can be considered as the important geomorphological factor which governs the morphology of basin and the dynamics of water movement. In this study the approach to the 3-dimensional structures of basin is attempted with statistical analysis of local slope which can be defined and measured in easy and objective manner by means of DEM. As a result local slope is confirmed to be a highly variable spatial factor in basin. And distribution map of local slope based on spatial autocorrelation length in this study would be a useful tool in the further research of hydrology and geomorphology.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.9
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• pp.527-536
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• 2020

International business research presents a broad consensus on the importance of dynamic capabilities in the internationalization of SMEs. However, there is a lack of research on assessing the impact of dynamic capabilities and the level of SMEs' internationalization operating in a turbulent and dynamic business environment. This study examines the impact of environmental dynamism and three sets of dynamic capabilities, namely, sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring capabilities on internationalized SMEs' geographic scope. In addition, this research examines the association between internationalized SMEs' characteristics: SME's age, size, and SME owner/manager's international experience and SMEs' geographic scope. This study used a quantitative research and employed survey questionnaires to collect data from 305 internationalized Malaysian manufacturing SMEs. Anova tests and Chi Square tests were employed to analyze data collected from respondents using SPSS. Research findings revealed that environmental dynamism and dynamic capabilities have a significant impact on internationalized SMEs' geographic scope, however, none of the internationalized SMEs' characteristics had a significant relationship with their geographic scope. The result of this research suggest internationalized SMEs owner/managers need to possess sensing, seizing and reconfiguring capabilities, and monitor business environmental dynamism to increase their geographic scope. This paper ends with drawing a set of concluding remarks and recommendations.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.385-389
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• 2009

This study was attempted to survey on the prevalence of canine heartworm infection (Dirofilaria immitis) in the Incheon area in 2006. This study showed comparative infection rates of canine heartworm in conjunction with different geographic locations and rearing environments (i.e., indoor, outdoor or free roaming). In total, 24 dogs (6.0%) were D. immitis positive among a total of 400 tested dogs. The geographic distribution of detection rates was Nam-gu (2 dogs, 6.7%), Yeonsu-gu (1 dog, 3.0%), Namdonggu (5 dogs, 8.0%), Pupyoung-gu (4 dogs, 6.7%), Kanghwa-gun (8 dogs, 13.0%), and Onjin-gun (4 dogs, 11.1%). In addition, 4 dogs (2.0%) or 20 dogs (10.0%) were positive for D. immitis among 202 indoor dogs or 198 outdoor dogs including free roaming dogs, respectively, while 13 dogs (11.7%) were positive for D. immitis among 111 outdoor dogs excluding free roaming dogs. In the case of 87 free roaming dogs, 7 dogs (8.1%) among them were positive for D. immitis.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
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• 1997.04a
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• pp.17-18
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• 1997

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.105-119
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• 2015

A case study to test the open API service functions of Geographic Information Open Platform(Vworld) for Environmental Impact Assessment was carried out for improving the function of Environmental Impact Assessment Geographic Information System(EIAGIS) which is one of Environmental Impact Assessment Supporting System(EIASS) used for current Environmental Impact Assessment. Followings are the summary of the study. First, utilization of EIAGIS was low since DB renewal was limited and the quality of 2D based topographic information was low. A new service which could respond to practitioners' needs could be developed to use a open API service of Vworld provided by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport to make up those disadvantages. EIASS with Vworld could provide a consulting service from the beginning stage of business plan and make improvements of confidence as well as fast agreements since both consultation agencies and assessment agencies are using a same program during Environmental Impact Assessment process with customized information.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.44-53
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• 2011

This study designed and implemented a web-based computing environment for geovisual analytics using HTML5 canvas. The computing environment supports visualization tools and user's interaction. The visualization tools are cluster map, animated map, temporal parallel coordinate plot, and temporal heat map chart. Users can explore the temporal changes of cluster using multiple view and brushing technique. The computing environment that works well across browsers is used in the computing environment with multiple devices.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.15-20
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• 2003

As an emerging technology in Computer graphics areas, SVG(Scalable Vector Graphic) makes it possible to make use of Vector graphics for servicing maps in basic internet browsing environment. SVG based thematic map Internet GIS system implemented by this research is free of special server side GIS mapping system and client side extra technology. It provides high-quality vector map which can interact with the user, template map which can be used for other purpose, glance the future map based on Webservices technologies. Many good characteristics of SVG in mapping at computer screen and reusability of SVG document provide new era of visualzation of geographic information.