• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권11호
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• pp.158-165
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• 1999

It has been established that a crack has an important effect on the dynamic behavior of a structure. This effect depends mainly on the location and depth of the crack. To identify the location and depth of a crack in a structure, a method is presented in this paper which uses hybrid neuro-genetic technique. Feed-forward multilayer neural networks trained by back-propagation are used to learn the input)the location and dept of a crack)-output(the structural eigenfrequencies) relation of the structural system. With this neural network and genetic algorithm, it is possible to formulate the inverse problem. Neural network training algorithm is the back propagation algorithm with the momentum method to attain stable convergence in the training process and with the adaptive learning rate method to speed up convergence. Finally, genetic algorithm is used to fine the minimum square error.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of this study was to create a set of microsatellite markers with high polymorphism for the genetic monitoring and genetic structure analysis of local goose populations. Methods: Novel microsatellite markers were isolated from the genomic DNA of white Roman geese using short tandem repeated probes. The DNA segments, including short tandem repeats, were tested for their variability among four populations of geese from the Changhua Animal Propagation Station (CAPS). The selected microsatellite markers could then be used to monitor genetic variability and study the genetic structures of geese from local geese farms. Results: 14 novel microsatellite loci were isolated. In addition to seven known loci, two multiplex sets were constructed for the detection of genetic variations in geese populations. The average of allele number, the effective number of alleles, the observed heterozygosity, the expected heterozygosity, and the polymorphism information content were 11.09, 5.145, 0.499, 0.745, and 0.705, respectively. The results of analysis of molecular variance and principal component analysis indicated a contracting white Roman cluster and a spreading Chinese cluster. In white Roman populations, the CAPS populations were depleted to roughly two clusters when K was set equal to 6 in the Bayesian cluster analysis. The founders of private farm populations had a similar genetic structure. Among the Chinese geese populations, the CAPS populations and private populations represented different clads of the phylogenetic tree and individuals from the private populations had uneven genetic characteristics according to various analyses. Conclusion: Based on this study's analyses, we suggest that the CAPS should institute a proper breeding strategy for white Roman geese to avoid further clustering. In addition, for preservation and stable quality, the Chinese geese in the CAPS and the aforementioned proper breeding scheme should be introduced to geese breeders.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.1732-1740
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• 2020

Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate the genetic diversity, population structure and relatedness among the five chicken populations of Bangladesh using microsatellite markers. Methods: A total of 161 individuals representing 5 chicken populations (non-descript Deshi [ND], naked neck [NN], hilly [HI], Aseel [AS], and red jungle fowl [JF]) were included in this study to investigate genetic diversity measures, population structure, genetic distance and phylogenetic relationships. Genotyping was performed using 16 selected polymorphic microsatellite markers distributed across 10 chromosomes. Results: The average observed and expected heterozygosity, mean number of alleles and polymorphic information content were found to be 0.67±0.01, 0.70±0.01, 10.7 and 0.748, respectively in the studied populations. The estimated overall fixation index across the loci (F), heterozygote deficiency within (F_IS) and among (F_IT) chicken populations were 0.04±0.02, 0.05 and 0.16, respectively. Analysis of molecular variance analysis revealed 88.07% of the total genetic diversity was accounted for within population variation and the rest 11.93% was incurred with population differentiation (F_ST). The highest pairwise genetic distance (0.154) was found between ND and AS while the lowest distance was between JF and AS (0.084). Structure analysis depicted that the studied samples can be categorized into four distinct types or varieties (ΔK = 3.74) such as ND, NN, and HI where AS and JF clustered together as an admixed population. The Neighbor-Joining phylogenetic tree and discriminant analysis of principal component also showed close relatedness among three chicken varieties namely AS, HI, and JF. Conclusion: The results reflected that indigenous chicken of Bangladesh still possess rich genetic diversity but weak differentiation among the studied populations. This finding provides some important insight on genetic diversity measures that could support the designing and implementing of future breeding plans for indigenous chickens of Bangladesh.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권7호
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• pp.947-953
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• 2008

We studied genetic diversity and relationships among Mongolian goat populations on the basis of microsatellite DNA polymorphisms. DNA samples from eight populations (Bayandelger, Ulgii Red, Zavkhan Buural, Sumber, Zalaajinst White, Erchim Black, Dorgon, and Gobi Gurvan Saikhan) from geographically distinct areas of Mongolia were analyzed by using 10 microsatellite DNA markers. Since the 10 markers were highly polymorphic, the genetic characteristics of these native goat populations could be estimated. Genetic diversity within populations, as estimated by the expected heterozygosities, was high, ranging from 0.719 to 0.746, but genetic differentiation between populations was low, representing only 1.7% of the total genetic variation. The results suggest that Mongolian native goat populations still have a semi-wild genetic structure reflecting traditional Mongolian nomadism and the short history of artificial selection. The genetic relationships among the populations were not clear in the neighbor-joining tree generated from the modified Cavalli-Sforza chord genetic distances. By using principal components analysis, the five core populations of Mongolian native goats (Bayandelger, Ulgii Red, Zavkhan Buural, Sumber, and Dorgon) and the populations crossed with Russian breeds (Zalaajinst White, Erchim Black, and Gobi Gurvan Saikhan) were distinguished. There was no correlation between genetic relationships among the populations and the geographical distribution of the populations.

• Composites Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.30-39
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 기존의 유전자 알고리즘을 대신하여 병렬 마이크로 유전자 알고리즘을 사용한 복합재료 적층 구조물의 최적설계를 수행하였다. 마이크로 유전자 알고리즘은 한 세대 당 보통 5개의 개체로 해를 탐색한다 비록 세대를 구성하는 인구수는 적지만 공칭수렴 판단과 재초기화 과정을 통해 다양성을 제공하기 때문에 최적해 탐색이 가능하다. 2가지의 복합재 구조물의 최적화 문제를 가정하고 이를 마이크로 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하여 해를 구하였다. 효율성 판단을 위해서 기존의 유전자 알고리즘과 결과를 비교하였다. 두 문제 모두 마이크로 유전자 알고리즘이 비슷한 결과를 도출하면서도 약 70%의 계산량 감소를 보였다. 마이크로 유전자 알고리즘을 사용하여 일정 범위 내에서 변하는 하중을 받고 있는 복합재 적층 구조물의 최적설계를 수행하였다. 계산 결과 고정된 하중상태 하에서 얻은 최적해보다 하중 변화에 덜 민감한 설계변수를 얻을 수 있었다. 이상의 문제를 통해 다양한 설계변수를 갖는 복합재 적층 구조물의 최적설계의 한 방법으로서 마이크로 유전자 알고리즘이 효율적임을 확인하였다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.76-80
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• 2009

금강과 만경강에 서식하는 멸종위기어류 감돌고기(Pseudopungtungia nigra)의 유전 다양성 및 집단 구조를 amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP)를 이용하여 분석하였다. AFLP분석은 5개의 primer 조합에서 447개의 유효밴드가 생성되었으며, 64.1%의 다양성을 보였다 (금강: 74.6%, 만경강: 53.6%). 집단 내 이형접합율은 금강 집단이 0.170, 만경강 집단이 0.104, 유전 다양성 수치는 금강 집단이 0.240, 만경강 집단이 0.147로 나타났다. 감돌고기 두 집단 간 분화도(Fst)는 0.150 수준에서 통계적으로 유의하여(P<0.05), 두 집단 사이에 유전적 분화를 나타내었다. 개체간의 UPGMA dendrogram을 분석한 결과 만경강 집단이 낮은 유전적 변이를 나타내었고, 지리적 지역에 대응하여 나뉘었으며, 두 집단 간 낮은 유전적 거리를 보였다(0.026). 따라서, 두 집단은 동일한 유전적 기원으로 추정되고, 감돌고기의 복원을 위한 친어 집단 선정을 위해서는 금강 집단이 적합하며, 만경강 집단은 유전적 및 서식지의 관리가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제34권7호
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• pp.1105-1115
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• 2021

Objective: To conserve and utilize the genetic resources of a traditional Chinese indigenous pig breed, Liangshan pig, we assessed the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and genetic distance in this study. Methods: We used 50K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip for SNP detection of 139 individuals in the Liangshan Pig Conservation Farm. Results: The genetically closed conserved population consisted of five overlapping generations, and the total effective content of the population (Ne) was 15. The whole population was divided into five boar families and one non-boar family. Among them, the effective size of each generation subpopulation continuously decreased. However, the proportion of polymorphic markers (P_N) first decreased and then increased. The average genetic distance of these 139 Liangshan pigs was 0.2823±0.0259, and the average genetic distance of the 14 boars was 0.2723±0.0384. Thus, it can be deduced that the genetic distance changed from generation to generation. In the conserved population, 983 runs of homozygosity (ROH) were detected, and the majority of ROH (80%) were within 100 Mb. The inbreeding coefficient calculated based on ROH showed an average value of 0.026 for the whole population. In addition, the inbreeding coefficient of each generation subpopulation initially increased and then decreased. In the pedigree of the whole conserved population, the error rate of paternal information was more than 11.35% while the maternal information was more than 2.13%. Conclusion: This molecular study of the population genetic structure of Liangshan pig showed loss of genetic diversity during the closed cross-generation reproduction process. It is necessary to improve the mating plan or introduce new outside blood to ensure long-term preservation of Liangshan pig.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.273-285
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• 2010

Completion of the human genome project has allowed a deeper understanding of molecular pathophysiology and has provided invaluable genomic information for the diagnosis of genetic disorders. Advent of new technologies has lead to an explosion in genetic testing. However, this overwhelming stream of genetic information often misleads physicians and patients into a misguided faith in the power of genetic testing. Moreover, genetic testing raises a number of ethical, legal, and social issues. Diagnostic genetic tests can be divided into three primary but overlapping categories: cytogenetic studies (including routine karyotyping, high-resolution karyotyping, and fluorescent in situ hybridization studies), biochemical tests, and DNA-based diagnostic tests. DNA-based testing has grown rapidly over the past decade and includes preandpostnatal testing for the diagnosis of genetic diseases, testing for carriers of genetic diseases, genetic testing for susceptibility to common non-genetic diseases, and screening for common genetic diseases in a particular population. Theoretically, once a gene's structure, function, and association with a disease are well established, the clinical application of genetic testing should be feasible. However, for routine applications in a clinical setting, such tests must satisfy a number of criteria. These criteria include an acceptable degree of clinical and analytical validity, support of a quality assurance program, possibility of modifying the course of the diagnosed disease with treatment, inclusion of pre-and postnatal genetic counseling, and determination of whether the proposed test satisfies cost-benefit criteria and should replace or complement traditional tests. In the near future, the application of genetic testing to common diseases is expected to expand and will likely be extended to include individual pharmacogenetic assessments.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제63권1호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2018

Information on the patterns of genetic diversity and population structure is essential for the rational use and efficient management of germplasms; accurate information aids in monitoring germplasms, and can also be used to predict potential genetic gains. In this study, we assessed genetic diversity, focusing on Korean rice accessions for theand their sustainable conserved diversity. Using DNA profiling with 12 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, we detected a total of 333 alleles among 2,016 accessions. The number of alleles ranged from 21 to 53, with an average of 27.8. Average polymorphism information content was 0.797, with the lowest being 0.667 and the highest 0.940. CA cluster analysis and the model-based population structure revealed two main groups that could be subdivided into five subgroups. Analysis of the molecular variance study based on the SSR profile data showed 5% variance among the profiles, whereas we recorded 93% variance among individuals and 2% variance within individuals. Specifically, the utilized diversity for of the breeding program is restricted in that cultivars were located in limited clades. These results revealed that preserving the diversity of Korean landraces could be useful sources for breeding new rice cultivars, and cwould be the basis for the sustainable conservation and utilization of a Korean rice germplasm.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.1963-1978
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• 2015

With the advancement of mobile web environments, identification and analysis of the user behavior play a significant role and remains a challenging task to implement with variations observed in the model. This paper presents an efficient method for mining optimized user behavior prediction model using genetic algorithm on mobile web structure. The framework of optimized user behavior prediction model integrates the temporary and permanent register information and is stored immediately in the form of integrated logs which have higher precision and minimize the time for determining user behavior. Then by applying the temporal characteristics, suitable time interval table is obtained by segmenting the logs. The suitable time interval table that split the huge data logs is obtained using genetic algorithm. Existing cluster based temporal mobile sequential arrangement provide efficiency without bringing down the accuracy but compromise precision during the prediction of user behavior. To efficiently discover the mobile users' behavior, prediction model is associated with region and requested services, a method called optimized user behavior Prediction Model using Genetic Algorithm (PM-GA) on mobile web structure is introduced. This paper also provides a technique called MAA during the increase in the number of models related to the region and requested services are observed. Based on our analysis, we content that PM-GA provides improved performance in terms of precision, number of mobile models generated, execution time and increasing the prediction accuracy. Experiments are conducted with different parameter on real dataset in mobile web environment. Analytical and empirical result offers an efficient and effective mining and prediction of user behavior prediction model on mobile web structure.