• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.397-416
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• 2016

This study analyzed the quality of mathematics classes with observations using the instrument, MQI(Mathematical Quality of Instruction). Class recordings and interviews were conducted on 2 pre-service teachers and 4 in-service teachers. This study recorded and analyzed 3 or 4 classes for each mathematics teacher by using revised MQI. There were a total of 8 raters: 2 or 3 raters analyzed each class. MQI has four dimensions: Richness of the Mathematics, Working with Students and Mathematic, Errors and Imprecision, Student Participation in Meaning-Making and Reasoning. In the dimension of 'Richness of Mathematics', all teachers had good scores of 'explanations of teacher' but had lower scores of 'linking and connections', 'multiple procedures or solution methods' and 'developing mathematical generalizations.' In the dimension of 'Working with Students and Mathematics', two in-service teachers who have worked and having more experience had higher scores than others. In the dimension of 'Errors and Imprecision', all teachers had high scores. In the dimension of 'Student Participation in Meaning-Making and Reasoning', two pre-service teachers had contrast and also two in-service teachers who hadn't worked not long had contrast. Implications were deducted from finding to improving quality of mathematics classes.

• 안보군사학연구
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• 통권7호
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• pp.305-331
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• 2009

This year I published a Korean translation of On War in three volumes, written by Prussian general Carl von Clausewitz. I believe it is the first unabridged Korean translation from the original German text, Vom Kriege. It is true that the work has been translated into Korean several times, but some translations have been done from English or Japanese versions, while others are abridged ones. It is not easy to make a good translation of On War, partly because the book is actually an unfinished work, and partly because it contains almost all academic subjects in social sciences. Moreover, two aspects of the dialectical logic in the book make it more difficult to understand. One is inductive reasoning, the other is deductive explanation. The former is to 'ascend' to draw principles and generalizations from empirical experience, the latter is to 'descend' to describe and explain given principles, often by concrete examples. Considering these difficulties, if we want to have better translations than existing ones, there should be substantial commentaries which contain not only history of wars, but also biographies and geographies concerned. I hope that On War can be taught and studied in many universities, for it will make it easier to produce reliable commentaries.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.385-403
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• 2011

Generalizations of the notion of fuzzy hyper K-subalgebras are considered. The concept of fuzzy hyper K-subalgebras of type (${\alpha},{\beta}$) where ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$ ${\in}$ {${\in}$, q, ${\in}{\vee}q$, ${\in}{\wedge}q$} and ${\alpha}{\neq}{\in}{\wedge}q$. Relations between each types are investigated, and many related properties are discussed. In particular, the notion of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q$)-fuzzy hyper K-subalgebras is dealt with, and characterizations of (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q$)-fuzzy hyper K-subalgebras are established. Conditions for an (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q$)-fuzzy hyper K-subalgebra to be an (${\in}$, ${\in}$)-fuzzy hyper K-subalgebra are provided. An (${\in}$, ${\in}{\vee}q$)-fuzzy hyper K-subalgebra by using a collection of hyper K-subalgebras is established. Finally the implication-based fuzzy hyper K-subalgebras are discussed.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1341-1356
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• 2018

The author devotes this paper to defining a new class of generalized soft open sets, namely soft somewhere dense sets and to investigating its main features. With the help of examples, we illustrate the relationships between soft somewhere dense sets and some celebrated generalizations of soft open sets, and point out that the soft somewhere dense subsets of a soft hyperconnected space coincide with the non-null soft ${\beta}$-open sets. Also, we give an equivalent condition for the soft csdense sets and verify that every soft set is soft somewhere dense or soft cs-dense. We show that a collection of all soft somewhere dense subsets of a strongly soft hyperconnected space forms a soft filter on the universe set, and this collection with a non-null soft set form a soft topology on the universe set as well. Moreover, we derive some important results such as the property of being a soft somewhere dense set is a soft topological property and the finite product of soft somewhere dense sets is soft somewhere dense. In the end, we point out that the number of soft somewhere dense subsets of infinite soft topological space is infinite, and we present some results which associate soft somewhere dense sets with some soft topological concepts such as soft compact spaces and soft subspaces.

• 대한수학회논문집
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.1083-1096
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• 2018

Let R be an associative ring. We define a subset $S_R$ of R as $S_R=\{a{\in}R{\mid}aRa=(0)\}$ and call it the source of semiprimeness of R. We first examine some basic properties of the subset $S_R$ in any ring R, and then define the notions such as R being a ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-reduced ring, a ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-domain and a ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-division ring which are slight generalizations of their classical versions. Beside others, we for instance prove that a finite ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-domain is necessarily unitary, and is in fact a ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-division ring. However, we provide an example showing that a finite ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-division ring does not need to be commutative. All possible values for characteristics of unitary ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-reduced rings and ${\mid}S_R{\mid}$-domains are also determined.

• 한국언어정보학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국언어정보학회 2007년도 정기학술대회
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• pp.202-209
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• 2007

Compound verbs in Korean show properties of both syntactic phrases and lexical items. Earlier studies of compound verbs have either assumed two homonymous types, i.e. one as a syntactic phrase and the other as a lexical item, or posited some sort of transformation from a syntactic phrase into a lexical item. In this paper, I show empirical and conceptual problems for earlier studies, and present an alternative account in terms of Talmy's (2000) theory of lexicalization. Unlike Talmy who proposed [Path] conflation into [MOVE] for Korean, I suggest several types of [Co-Event] conflation; e.g. [$_{Co-Event}$ Manner] conflation as in kwul-e-kata 'to go by rolling', [$_{Co-Event}$ Concomitance] conflation as in ttal-a-kata 'to follow', [$_{Co-Event}$ Concurrent Result] conflation as in cap-a-kata 'to catch somebody and go', etc. The present proposal not only places Korean compound verbs in a broader picture of cross-linguistic generalizations, but, when viewed from Jackendoff's (1997) productive vs. semi-productive morphology, provides a natural account for classifying the compounds that allow -se intervention from those that do not.

• 논리연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.53-81
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• 2010

이 논문은 확률의 해석에 대한 고전적 해석인 주관적 해석과 객관적 해석의 문제점을 진단함으로써 이를 극복할 수 있는 새로운 확률해석의 가능성을 제공한다. 직관적으로는 그럴듯한 객관적 확률해석은 확률개념에 의존하지 않는 정의를 제공할 수 없다는 점에서 그 정당성을 의심받아 왔다. 주관적 확률해석의 경우에는 주어진 사건군에 대한 무지에서 우리가 어떻게 확률이라는 일정한 정보를 뽑아낼 수 있는지에 대한 문제에 대해 명확한 답을 제공하지 못하고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 확률을 주어진 사건군의 특정 측면에 대한 일반화를 제공하는 이론적인 구조로 이해할 것을 제안한다.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.175-190
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• 2014

This study analyzes the business strategy of fast fashion through Zara, a successful fashion brand from Inditex Spain. An in-depth case approach is adopted based on extensive secondary research that includes literature and press releases published in Korean as well as English. The findings of this research demonstrate a speedy and flexible process occurring in the supply chain of its fast fashion business and the cooperation between the company's headquarters and international subsidiaries. Zara's headquarters executes four representative strategies: competitive market research, an integrated organizational structure, small quantity batch production, and a specialized distribution system. Zara's international subsidiaries execute their own four representative strategies: differentiated international expansion, independent human resource management, small but fundamental IT, and maximization of store resources. These two core parts intimately work together to satisfy target customers all over the world by bringing competitive advantages to the fashion business and represent a key concept of Zara's business strategy. The main drawbacks of case studies are limited validity and representativeness restraining the potential for making generalizations. However this case is considered sufficient to provide valuable insight and improve the understanding of operation strategy in fast fashion.

• 한국측량학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.77-83
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• 1995

수치지도 제작의 일반화 기법은 대축척 실측 지도를 이용한 소축척 편집 지도의 자동 제작과 수치 지도 데이터 베이스 구축 등의 활용 분야에 필수적 요소이다. 본 연구는 수작업으로 처리되고 있는 편집도의 제작을 자동화하기 위한 방안으로 디지탈 환경하에서의 일반화 기법에 대한 연구로서 Zero-Crossing알고리즘을 국립지리원 발행 l/5,000지도 6도엽에 포함되어 있는 전남 여수 일대의 해안선에 적용, 다양한 단순화 허용 범위에 의해 수치 지도를 제작하여 편집도와 도해적인 표현 방법에 대한 문제점을 비교 분석하였다. 또한, Zero-Crossing알고리즘에 의한 단순화의 효용성을 입증하기 위해 Douglas-Peucker알고리즘을 이용한 단순화 결과와 비교 분석을 하였으며, 단순화의 허용 범위별로 일반화가 이루어진 수치 지도와 수작업으로 제작된 편집도와의 비교를 통해 일반화된 Line에 대한 평가를 도출하고, 단순화 허용 범위의 선택에 따른 효율성을 판단하기 위해 일반화 처리 결과의 데이타 용량을 분석하였다.

• 한국환경교육학회지:환경교육
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.77-89
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• 2004

This study aims to consider interrelations and reasonability to inquiry elements of environment units in 10th Science textbooks of 7th curriculum on the basis of their inquiry contexts, processes and activities. Frequency of inquiry contexts is 59.9% of the highest value in natural environment context but is 4.0% of the lowest one in techno-industrial context. Measurements, inferences, predictions, experiments, data-interpretations, correlations, conclusionreveals in inquiries are in all the textbooks, but observations and classifications, hypothesis generations, controlling variables, experimental designs and generalizations are not in some textbooks. Discussions, experiments, investigations in inquiry activities are included in all the textbooks. However, inspections are not appeared in the all the books. Based on the above results, social and techno-industrial inquiry contexts in the varied scopes are necessary in the environment curricula with a unified direction. Inquiry processes with pro-environmental behaviors as a last goal might be given into the curricula, having tasks that could be understand unified inquiries. In addition, inspections with effectiveness might be thrown into the scene of education.