• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.269-273
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• 2012

Shinseoncho and kale were divided into stem [shinseoncho stems (SS) and kale stems (KS)] and leaf parts [shinseoncho leaves (SL) and kale leaves (KL)] and made into green vegetable juices for analyses of nutritional compositions and antioxidant activities. Higher values of total acidity were observed in SL (0.736%) and KL (0.841%) than in SS (0.417%) and KS (0.335%) (p<0.05). Neutral sugar content showed higher values in SS (21.740 mg/mL) and SL (18.657 mg/mL) when compared with KS (1.497 mg/mL) and KL (1.452 mg/mL) (p<0.05). Protein content showed the highest value in SL (7.610 mg/mL) (p<0.05), while SS (0.403 mg/mL) and KS (0.403 mg/mL) showed similar lower values. Total polyphenol contents of SL (423.139 ${\mu}g/mL$) was significantly higher value (p<0.05) than those of other samples, which occurred in the following order: SL>KL (218.494 ${\mu}g/mL$) KS (107.269 ${\mu}g/mL$)>SS (75.894 ${\mu}g/mL$). KL exerted the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (84.834%) (p<0.05), which occurred in the following order: KL>SL (63.473%)>KS (52.894%)>SS (35.443%). ABTS radical scavenging activity showed that SL (66.088%) and KL (38.511%) had higher scavenging activities, whereas SS (7.695%) and KS (9.609%) demonstrated to be lower activities (p<0.05). In general, leaf parts had much higher antioxidant activities as well as total polyphenol contents than those of the stem parts. In conclusion, shinseoncho and kale, particularly their leaf parts, offer antioxidant properties in green vegetable juices and the consumption of them may be beneficial as a nutrition source and in health protection.

• 재활간호학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify predictors of obesity, serum lipids and CRP in Korean adults. The predictors of obesity and serum lipids were the subject's general characteristics, life style, eating habit and nutrients. The predictors of CRP were the subject's general characteristics, life style, eating habit, nutrients, obesity and serum lipids. Method: 115 subjects who had visited the health examination center at a hospital participated in the study. The data analysed with descriptive analysis, ANOVA, Chi-square test, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression. Result: Sex, married, eating out ($4{\leq}$/w), eating out (2-3/w) and age ($61{\leq}$) were anticipated variable on BMI ($R^2$=0.488). Sex and overeating (2-3/w) were anticipated variable on body fat($R^2$=0.218). Drink (4-6/w), age (51-60), sex, vegetable fat and Systolic BP were anticipated variable on total cholesterol ($R^2$=0.217). Age (51-60), vegetable fat and unmarried were anticipated variable on LDL ($R^2$=0.180). Sex was anticipated variable on HDL and Triglyceride ($R^2$=0.054, 0.192). Breakfast (1-3/w) and meal (2/d) were anticipated variable on CRP ($R^2$=0.1268). Conclusion: It is thought that decreasing eating out and overeating might be important to prevent obesity. It is thought that decreasing drinking and fat eating might be important to improve serum lipids. It is thought that eating breakfast might be important to decrease CRP.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.153-173
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to objectively quantify the effects of nutrition and dietary life education on preschoolers through meta-analysis. In addition, it provides basic data for the implementation of nutrition education and development of systematic nutrition and dietary life education programs. In this study, a meta-analysis of 27 papers was conducted that conformed to the selection criteria in the study conducted from January 2012 to August 2019 to derive objective data on the effects of education. As a result of the analysis, the overall effective size of nutrition and dietary life education for preschoolers was 0.829, which indicates a strong effect. According to the education method, the effect size of general education was 0.562, which indicates a medium effect size, the vegetable playing-based experience education was 0.685, which indicates a medium effect size, and cooking activity-based experience education was 1.101, which indicates a large effect size. Judging from this result, experience activity education was more effective than general nutrition education. In addition, the combined size of convergence education conducted through a combination of general and experience education was found to be the most effective at 1.301. In terms of educational effect, it was confirmed that the effect size was 0.898 for improving nutrition knowledge, 0.858 for improving dietary habits, 0.836 for improving unbalanced diet, and 0.756 for improving food preference and intake, and the sizes of effects were all found to be large. As frequency of education increased, the number of education participants decreased and the effect of education increased.

• 한국학교ㆍ지역보건교육학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.43-64
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• 2011

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to provide the nutritional education data of the fruit and vegetable eating habits and dietary fiber intake of male and female high school students in the Daegu area. Methods: A survey was conducted on 300 male/female students from four general high schools in the City of Daegu, and the survey included questions ongeneral characteristics, dietary habits, eating behavior patterns and dietary intake. A 24-hour recall method was used for the dietary intake, and the surveyed dietary intake information was analyzed using the Computer Aided Nutritional analysis program (CAN 3.0)--dietary fiber intake, in particular. The data was analyzed using the SPSS window 12.0 program. Results: The average ages of boys and girls were 16.8- and 15.6-years old, respectively. A classification based on BMI showed the following: the low-weight student group was comprised of 10.3% boys and 31.6% girls; the normal-weight group 68.4% boys and 67.5% girls; and the overweight group 21.3% boys and 0.9% girls, whereby showing a significant difference between boys and girls. Vegetable intake showed the following: the ratio of the response of 'taking it once a day' was more than 70%, which showed the low frequency of fruit intake; the ratio of 'taking it more than five times a week' was 53.0% for boys and 68.4% for girls, which showed a higher intake frequency for girls over boys; and the daily dietary fiber per 1,000kcal was 7.1g for boys and 8.2g for girls, whereby showing a significant difference between boys and girls. The meals that contributed most to dietary fiber intake were the school meals, whereas the dietary fiber intake rate through breakfast was the lowest among the three daily meals. The food groups that contributed to dietary fiber intake were vegetable, grains and flavoring matters for boys and vegetable, grains and fruits for girls. Conclusions: In order to increase the daily dietary intake for growing adolescents, who are in an important stage for building the foundation of health, it's recommended that, in addition to the supplement for insufficient dietary fiber through a regular breakfast consisting of high dietary fiber content foods, nutrition-related education about the effects of dietary fiber on the human body be conducted.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.270-278
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• 2016

Purpose: We have investigated for the purpose of studying change of vitamins and minerals in frequently used vegetables by low moisture cooking method. Methods: Vitamin B complex, vitamin C and mineral (Mg, Ca, K, Zn, Fe) contents are analyzed in vegetables such as spinach, cabbage, bean sprouts and carrot which are heat-treated with degrees of water contents. Low moisture cooking method represents heat-treated vegetable (LM experiment group) with 25 wt.% water content for the vegetable weight while general blanching method includes heat-treated vegetable (GB experiment group) with 500-1,000 wt.% water content for the vegetable weight. Results: Retention rate of vitamin B1 (thiamin) in the LM experiment group is relatively high (87.50-95.68%) and dosen't show considerable differences from raw vegetables. On the other hand, the retention rate of vitamin $B_1$ in GB group's cabbage and spinach dramatically decreased to 19.46-25.00%. Retention rate of vitamin B2 (riboflavin) is sustained stably in LM experiment group (75.00-87.50% in bean sprouts, cabbage and spinach), represents that low moisture cooking method has relatively higher contents in vitamin $B_2$. The LM experiment group has 71.43-85.71% on retention rate of niacin while the GB group shows relatively lower niacin (57.14-64.58%), represents conflicting results from the general idea that vitamin $B_3$ is relatively stable in heat treatment and blanching. Retention rate of pantothenic acid is considerably higher in both LM and GB experiment group, indicates vitamin pantothenic acid is relatively stable in the various cooking condition such as amount of water and heat treatment. In the experiment under various water contents, vitamin C is not detected in both bean sprouts and carrots, while the contents in cabbage and spinach are 19.87 mg/100 g and 26.65 mg/100 g respectively. In the same experiment, the retention rate of Vitamin C in LM experiment group (91.65%, 92.23%) is considerably higher than GB group (58.08%, 61.61%). Retention rate of Mg, K, Fe in the LM experiment group is relatively higher than GB group. Conclusion: Resultingly, the observations suggests that minimum water quantity and minimum heat treatment processes should be established in cooking vegetables which have soluble vitamins and minerals.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권11호
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• pp.4924-4931
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• 2011

본 연구는 유산균을 함유한 녹즙제품의 HACCP(Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point)시스템에 의한 제조공정도 작성과 공정별 원료 농산물과 제조 시설에 대한 일반 세균수와 병원성 미생물을 평가하기 위한 목적으로 수행하였다. 공정별 원료농산물의 원재료보관공정 단계의 4가지 시료에서 일반세균이 검출되었으며, 용수(water)는 8.67~14.67 CFU/$m{\ell}$ 검출되었다. 하지만 자외선살균공정 이후, 모든 시료는 법적기준치인 $10^5\;CFU/m{\ell}$이하로 검출되었다. 식중독균인 E. coil, E. coli O157:H7, B. cereus, L. monocytogenes, Salmonella spp, Staph. aureus 실험결과, 보관공정에서 E.coli는 자외선 살균 전단계 공정까지 검출되었으며, B. cereus는 1차세척까지 일부 검출되었다. 모든 세균 및 진균류는 주원료에서 많이 검출되고 있어 주원료의 초기 균수를 최소화하는 선행관리방법을 수립할 필요가 있으며, 세균수와 황색포도상구균 등의 교차 오염방지를 위한 제조설비 등의 효과적인 세척 소독방법을 수립할 필요가 있다고 사료된다. 상기 결과을 바탕으로 유산균을 함유한 녹즙류의 일반세균 및 식중독균을 감소 또는 제거할 수 있는 중요한 공정으로 UV살균공정이 CCP로 관리되어야 한다. 따라서 자외선살균공정의 관리기준 및 이탈시 조치방법, 검증방법, 교육 훈련과 기록관리 등 철저한 HACCP 계획이 필요하다고 사료된다.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.73-82
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• 1978

Researches on weed control in vegetable and fruits are reviewed in the aspects of technical dissemination of research results and problems to be solved for the establishment of integrated weed control measures. The future researches in relation to the possible changes of cultivation pattern in horticultural crops are also discussed. The current situation of weed control in horticulture in general is classed as a primitive stage comparing to other food crops and is well behind of other advanced countries. It is strongly suggested that only steady and extensive researches in this field will produce a significant contribution to the minimization of labor cost in horticultural crop production.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.829-834
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• 2015

현대인의 과도한 설탕 섭취, 채소 및 칼슘 섭취 부족 등과 같은 문제점들을 해결하기 위하여 칼슘을 첨가한 무설탕의 과일 채소잼을 제조하였으며, 제조한 제품에 대하여 이화학적 변화와 관능평가를 실시하였다. 당도는 사과의 농도를 줄이고, 케일의 함량을 증가시킨 결과, 낮은 당도를 보였으며, 제조한 잼의 pH에서는 당도와는 달리 사과와 케일의 양과는 상관없이 전반적으로 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않았지만, 사과의 함량이 적을수록 약간 높은 pH를 보이는 것으로 나타났다. 명도 및 황색도의 경우, 케일 함량이 증가할수록 점점 명도 및 황색도의 값이 증가하는 경향으로 나타났다. 그러나 적색도의 값은 -2.05~-1.37로 케일의 함량이 증가한다고 하여 증가 또는 감소의 경향을 보이지는 않는 것으로 나타났다. 조직감의 경우, 케일의 함량이 증가할수록 경도(hardness), 탄력성(springiness), 응집성(cohesiveness), 검성(gumminess) 및 씹힘성(Chewiness)은 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 부착성(adhesiveness)은 케일 함량이 증가할수록 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 관능검사의 경우, 10.0~12.0%의 케일 첨가군이 유의적인 차이 없이 가장 높은 기호도를 보였으며, 케일의 농도가 높을수록 맛을 비롯하여 향, 색, 발림성 및 종합적 기호도는 모두 감소하였다. 이와 같은 결과로 보아 설탕 대신 프락토올리고당으로 대신하고, 식이섬유의 함량이 높은 케일을 첨가하여 잼을 제조할 때 사과와 케일의 비율은 3:1 또는 4:1 정도가 적합할 것으로 판단되었다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.2007-2017
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• 2016

Background: Modifying lifestyle factors such as diet and exercise can reduce the risk of cancer. Psychological stress (PS) might be indirectly associated with cancer because it alters lifestyle factors. However, the relationship among these variables has not been fully investigated. Thus, we examined interactions between self-reported PS (SRPS) and habitual exercise on diet. Materials and Methods: In all, 5,587 men and 2,718 women were divided into "exerciser" and :non-exerciser" groips, based on whether they exercised reguarly, and classified into three SRPS levels: low, moderate and high. Diet was estimated using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Using a general linear model, food and nutrient consumption was estimated for each SRPS level in the 2 exercise groups, and the interactions between SRPS levels and exercise were calculated. Results: In women, the intake of pork and beef, low fat milk and yogurt, natto (fermented soybean), carrots and squash, other root vegetables, mushrooms, seaweeds, and wine along with the nutrients vegetable protein, soluble, insoluble and total dietary fiber, daidzein, genistein, carotene, retinol equivalents, vitamin B2, pantothenic acid, potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron demonstrated significant interaction with SRPS and habitual exercise (p for interaction <0.05). In men, raw and green leafy vegetable and fruit and vegetable juice significantly interacted with SRPS and habitual exercise (p for interaction <0.05). Conclusions: We suggest that certain foods and nutrients, which are thought to have a protective effect against cancer, interact with SRPS and habitual exercise, especially in women. This information is valuable for understanding and improving interventions for cancer prevention.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.281-286
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• 1995

우리 나라에서 한양재료로 사용되고 있는 약초의 어린잎과 전초(全草)를 산채류로 이용하기 위한 기초자료를 얻기 위하여 식용이 가능한 7종의 약초 어린잎 및 전초(全草)의 일반성분, 무기성분 및 아미노산등을 분석하였다. 독활을 포함해서 7종의 약초 어린잎 및 전초(全草)의 수분함량은 $79.74{\sim}85.97%$의 범위로 다른 야채류에 비해 낮게 나타났으며, 조단백질의 함량은 당귀(1.12%)와 방풍(1.27%)을 제외하고는 대부분 2%정도로 야채류와 비슷한 경향을 보였다. 그리고 조지방은 $0.69{\sim}1.36%$, 조섬유는 $1.8{\sim}3.9%$, 조회분은 $1.58{\sim}2.79%$의 범위로로 각각 나타나 종류 별로는 다소의 차이를 보이고 있으나 일반 야채류와 대체적으로 비슷하였다. 무기성분에서는 모든 시료에서 K함량이 $202{\sim}504mg%$로 가장 높았고 Ca, Mg 및 Natns으로 나타났다. 총 아미노산의 함량은 두릅 965mg%, 황금 930mg%, 독활 879mg%, 일당귀 851mg%, 배초향가 747mg% 및 방풍 615mg%의 함량을 보였다. 아미노산의 조성을 보면 약초의 종류에 따라 아미노산의 종류별 함량 차이가 있으나 전반적으로 aspartic acid와 glutamic acid가 공통적으로 많았으며, methionine과 cystine은 모든 시료에서 가장 적게 나타났다.