• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제14권6호
• /
• pp.529-541
• /
• 2004

This study was carried out to survey the eating behaviors and the food preferences of the tourism transportation business managers in Daegu areas by age. The survey was performed from 17 to August 25, 2003 by questionnaires and the subjects were 365 males. As a general factor, the subjects of survey were male drivers in their thirties to sixties. Their education level was middle school(44.9%) and high school(45.8%) diploma. This study showed that the managers eat three meals per day with high percentage(75.9%) and a large number of managers(24.1%) eat two meals only. 77.8% of the subjects responded that their diet life were irregular due to the property of their job. Frequency of eating-out turned out to be much higher in managers aged 60 over(p<0.001). They considered taste of the food firstly, and the prices of the food secondly, but the nutritional value of the food was considered with a low percentage(22.7%). We found that their BMI were overweight from 23.5 to 26.01, their calorie and some nutrient intakes were below their RDA. The most insufficiently consumed nutrient(less than 75% of RDA) was vitamin B₂ followed by calcium. The food preferences of subjects showed that the managers preferred boiled rice to any other rice as a staple foods. Their favorite menu of one-course Korean style meal turned out to be the bibimbob(boiled rice mixed with assorted vegetable and meat). As for subsidiary foods, out of all various meat soups, beef soups and beef-rib soups were most preferred. The most preferred stew were soybean paste stew and kimchi stew, and the most preferred cooked vegetables were cooked spinach, seasoned cucumber. Baechu kimchi(white cabbage kimchi) were the most preferred kind of kimchi. For desserts there was a very high preference for the watermelons, apples, and pears. For beverages the most preferred were ginseng tea, fruit juices and dietary fiber drinks. From the results listed above, the nutritional education needed to be done to the tourism transportation business managers to set the proper menu considering the characteristics of the preference each age group of managers.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.939-946
• /
• 2010

고추장에 기능성 식품 소재인 함초를 첨가하여 고추장 소스 제품을 개발하여 함초를 활용한 다양한 식품 개발을 모색하고자 함초 추출물 0, 1, 2, 3%를 첨가하여 품질 특성을 살펴본 결과, 총당은 대조군이 함초 추출물 첨가군에 비해 높게 나타났으며 유리당은 sucrose, glucose, maltose, fructose 순으로 나타났다. pH는 함초 추출물에 따른 시료 간의 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 염도는 함초 추출물 첨가량이 증가할수록 높게 나타났다. 색도에서 밝기는 대조군이 가장 밝게 나타났으며, 함초 추출물 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하였고, 적색도와 황색도는 대조군에 비해 함초 추출물 첨가 고추장 소스가 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(p<0.001, p<0.05). 무기질 함량에서는 Na 함량이 가장 많았으며, 함초 추출물 첨가량이 증가할수록 높았고, Mg과 Cu의 함량은 시료간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 특성과 기호도 검사에서 단맛은 RS-2가 높게 나타났으며 외관의 기호도는 RS-3>RS-2>C>RS-1순으로 나타났다. 향미와 질감의 기호도에서는 함초 추출물 첨가군에서는 RS-2가 가장 좋게 평가되었으며, 전체적인 기호도에서도 함초 추출물 2% 첨가군(RS-2)이 가장 높게 나타나, 여러 가지 기능성이 함유된 함초 추출물을 이용하여 고추장 소스 제조 시 첨가량 2% 정도가 적당하다고 사료된다.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제10권2호
• /
• pp.159-173
• /
• 2004

The desire for the healthy life is increasing as a result of rapidly changing social and economic environment in Korea. Because of the need, informations on health, food and nutrition are being introduced through the mass media. The object of this study is to investigate and analyze the quantity and quality of informations about health, food and nutrition in women's magazines. Six representative domestic monthly magazines(Lady Kyunghyang, Women Donga, Women Chosun, Women JoongAng, Women sense, Jubu Senghwal) were selected for this study. The results of monitoring from June 2002 to September 2002 for the women's magazines were summarized as follows; 1. The percentage of the articles on health, food and nutrition by total area of the women's magazines was 23.1%. There were total 595 articles on health, food and nutrition. Among these, 400 articles(67.2%) were about food and nutrition. 2. The percentage of the advertisements on health, food and nutrition was 35.3% by total area of the woman's magazines. There were 2,353 advertisements on health, food and nutrition. Among these, 1,574(66.9%) advertisements were about food and nutrition. The most frequently advertised advertisements on food and nutrition were about processed foods (527 cases, 33.5%). The second most frequently advertised advertisements were about diet (374 cases, 23.8%). The third one was healthy foods (345 cases, 21.9%). 3. The contents of 215(53.8%) articles (the total number of articles was 400) was suitable. The contents of 89 advertisements(22.3%) did not have accurate informations on health, food and nutrition. For the advertisements in women's magazines (the number of total articles was 2,203), the percentage of the advertisements which was not able to capture the feature of the advertisements was 27.9%, insufficiency of reliable sources was to 21.9%, and exaggeration of the contents in the ads was 16.0%. Articles and advertisements should be backed by scientific research or reliable sources and also the opinions of people with expertise in order to report accurate informations to the general public. In order to achieve these results, there should be continuing monitoring activity for the women's magazines.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.232-244
• /
• 2002

This study investigated the correlation between health-related habits and the biochemical characteristics of the blood of Korean bus drivers. A total of 178 bus drivers working in the Masan area participated in this study. The general characteristics and health-related habits of the subjects were surveyed using a serf-administered questionnaire. The biochemical date were collected from regular health check-ups done through their workshop health insurance company in lune, 1999. The results were as follows : The average age of the subjects was 38 years, and 44.2% had a driving career of between 10 and 19 years. About 90% of the subjects ate irregularly, and 36% ate. health floods. Their rates of drinking, smoking and exercise were 74.6%, 83.6% and 70.8%, respectively. Their frequency of drinking was significantly increased as the length of their driving career increased (p < 0.001). Their levels of total serum cholesterol, in relation to the length of their driving career was significantly higher in the over 20 year group than in the below 10 year group (p < 0.05). Their systolic blood pressures, according to age, were significantly higher in the 51 to 60 age group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Their total um cholesterol levels signiscantly increased with increasing age (p < 0.001). Their diastolic blood pressures (p < 0.001) and blood glucose levels (p < 0.05) were significantly higher among the subjects who drinking alcohol almost everyday, than among other subjects. Their systolic blood pressures who significantly increased with increasing frequency of their drinking (p < 0.001). The systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were positively related to age, the amount of drinking, the frequency of drinking and the obesity index, and negatively related to exercise and the duration of exercise. The hemoglobin was positively related to age, preference for a meat diet and the obesity index. The blood glucose was positively related to the amount of drinking, and the total serum cholesterol was positively related to age, length of driving career, period of smoking and the obesity index. The results of this study indicated that bus drivers need regular exercise, moderation of their drinking and smoking, and control of their body weights so as to prevent chronic diseases.

• 동서간호학연구지
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.50-62
• /
• 2003

Through this literal study, we have endeavored to provide korea's unique nursing intervention methods based upon Lee Je-Ma's Sasang Constitutional Theory which is a unique korean medical science. The Sasang Constitution Theory lay great emphasis upon health caring medicine to promote health according to self Constitution at normal times, preventive medicine to manage byself body and mind in everyday life, and eventually, ethical medicine to love benevolence and kindness but to dislike jealousy.A variety of methods has been introduced to diagnose a person's Constitution. And yet, appearance, mind and pathological signs are three major criteria. In appearance, comprehensive features such as figure (the shape of the human body), countenance, behavior, mood, and posture are observed. In mind, nature (character), talent, steadiness, personality, and greed are investigated. In pathological signs, physiological conditions when healthy and peculiar symptoms when being ill are diagnosed. By these three criteria, each Constitution is categorised into Taiyang Person, Soyang Person, Taieum Person or Soeum Person. Different healthcaring methods exist for each Constitution such as mind and body healthcaring, diet healthcaring, knowledge and behaviour leathering, age group healthcaring, regional healthcaring, social life hralthcaring, everyday life healthcaring, and materia medication healthcaring. An independent and unique healthcaring method for each person according to self Constitution could be an important nursing intervention strategy, and can product a new nursing theory. To enjoy longevity by inducing positive caring methods, I believe that individual nursing may be the most desirable nursing approach. Lee Je-Ma's Sasang Constitution caring method is not only a general nursing theory but also expected to be an important landmark/milestone/factor in Korean nursing, preventive nursing, developing new nursing intervention methods and forming new nursing theories. Therefore, it is required to conduct thorough, practical and theoretical researches in the field of nursing.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.29-37
• /
• 1996

This study was undertaken to evaluate the relation between obesity and dietary life of children aged 4-7 divided into two groups based on height for age, weight for age and weight for height. Controls were selected based on sex and age similar with those of cases. Cases and controls were selected using the combination of weight for height, weight for age and height for age by the World Health Organization standard. Cases were 23 children judged as obese. Controls were 37 judged as normal. Whether their mother had a job or not, showed relative risk 1.35(95% C1 0.32-5.64). In obese group, employmental statue of mother was 17.4% compared with 13.5% in control group. In mother's concern for cooking pattern, the relative risk was 5.64 and 95% CI was 1.70-18.66 in the item of "We consider the color arrangement when we serve foods" which was the highest rate. The item having the lowest relative risk was "We cook the meal by ourselves with spending time" which of the relative risk was 0.52 and 95% CI was 0.16-1.65. The item having a great significance in the dietary habit of subjects were "They beat the tablewear with the chopstick"(RR:1.64, 95% CI:0.22-12.73) and "I talk with food in my mouth"(RR :1.11, 95% CI:0.39-3.15), and the other items didn't show significancy. Number of food eating per day for male was 30.0$\pm$10.93 in obese group where as 23.2$\pm$9.80 in control group. 22.3$\pm$4.56, 21.8$\pm$10.91 were taken obese group and control group respectively in female. In the survey for general habit in life, the item of "We has a time for conversation with our family regularly" was high correlation to obesity and item of "We made our children change clothes and go to toilet themselvesj has slight relation to obesity. From above, we observed normal and obese children had different factors such as mother's attitude for preparing meals, table manners and habit of living. So we should take a continuous interest in children's dietary life in order to correct the wrong dietary habit and to protect from future problems.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.582-591
• /
• 2008

Both genetic and environmental factors play important roles in the pathogenesis of Parkinson Disease(PD). The contribution of many environmental factors including dietary factor remains unproven. The purpose the study was to investigate the dietary habits, nutrient intake and dietary quality of Korean PD patients according to the duration of disease. PD patients were recruited from K and S university hospitals from May 2005 to January 2006. This study was carried out after approval by the Institute Review Board(IRB). British Brain Bank criteria was used to diagnose PD. The subjects were classified into 2 groups based on the duration of PD: <25 months and $\geq$25 months groups. General characteristics, anthropometric measurements, food habits and dietary intakes were investigated. The results of this study were as follows: 1) The mean age of <25 months group($66.9{\pm}8.0$ yr) was significantly higher than that of $\geq$25 months group($62.2{\pm}8.8$ yr)(p<0.05). No significant differences were found for academic background, occupation, living status and social activity, however, numbers of diseases, exercise and family history of PD were significantly different. 2) Anthropometric measurements were not different between the two groups. 3) The frequency of taking snacks was significantly higher in <25 months group and the amounts of alcohol consumption were significantly higher in $\geq$25 months group. 4) Daily intakes of most nutrients were very low compared with DRI. 5) The MAR score was significantly lower in <25 months group(p<0.05;) however, the scores of DVS, DDS and DQI were not significantly different. As a conclusion an overall nutrient intake and dietary quality of the Parkinson's Disease patients need to be improved regardless of duration of the disease and a well-balanced diet should be emphasized.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제13권2호
• /
• pp.253-262
• /
• 2008

Previous studies have indicated that incidence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is partly related to the damage of antioxidant systems, but etiology of RA is not fully identified. This study was performed to evaluate nutrient intakes including antioxidants, health related behaviors and food habits of RA patients and controls. RA patient group (n = 68) and sex-matched healthy controls (n = 68) were joined in this study. Nutrient intake was estimated using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. As mean age of RA ($52.9{\pm}13.8$ years) was significantly higher than those of controls ($48.7{\mp}5.9$ years), data were analyzed by using Student's t-test, adjusted for age. There was no significant difference between two groups in body mass index. Compared with those of controls, frequencies of drinking (p < 0.001) and coffee consumption (p < 0.05) of RA groups were lower. RA groups had lower frequencies of fruit (p < 0.01), vegetable (p < 0.05) and fatty meat (p < 0.05) consumptions and balanced diet (p < 0.01), and higher frequencies of fried dishes (p < 0.01), and salty dishes (p < 0.01), compared to controls. The most nutrient intakes including energy intake of RA were tended to be lower than those of controls. Vitamin A, ${\beta}$-carotene and vitamin C intakes were significantly lower in RA than controls (p < 0.001). Daily vitamin A, ${\beta}$-carotene and vitamin C intakes of RA were lower than those of control (vitamin A: RA $360.6{\pm}252.23{\mu}g$ RE, control $844.5{\pm}426.2{\mu}g$ RE, p < 0.001; ${\beta}$-carotene: RA $1450.9{\pm}1019.0{\mu}g$, control $3968.8{\pm}2248.21{\mu}g$, p < 0.001; vitamin C; RA $40.6{\pm}21.48mg$, control $84.7{\pm}40.29$, p < 0.001) These results suggest sufficient consumption of antioxidant nutrients may prevent and improve RA status.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• 제36권10호
• /
• pp.1052-1060
• /
• 2003

Poor dietary habits and inadequate nutrient intakes are of concern in the elderly, even it is worse in rural areas. In the present study, we conducted the anthropometric measurement and the dietary intakes including macronutrients, minerals and vitamins to assess the nutrient intakes and nutritional risk in elderly people in rural kyungpook province in South Korea. Subjects (n = 168, mean age, 67.3 yrs) were interviewed using d general questionnaire and 3 days of 24-hours recall for dietary intake. Nutrient intakes were analyzed using CAN-pro soft program and compared to Korean RDA and nutrition reference values (NRV). The anthropometric measurement showed that the weight and the height of the subjects in the rural area were below the average of the same age of Korean elderly people. The energy and protein intakes were 85％ and 90％ of Korean RDA, respectively. The intakes of lipid, cholesterol and dietary fiber were 62％, 40％ and 22％ of NRV for Korean adults. Main sources for protein and lipid intakes came from the vegetable sources and this pattern was more prominent in female elderly people. Ca intake was half of Korean RDA (56％), while P intake was 132％ of Korean RDA. For the antioxidant trace mineral (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Se) intakes, Fe and Zn intakes were 78％ and > 103％ of Korean RDA. Cu, Mn and Se intakes were > 113％, > 275％, and > 185％ of Korean NRV. Thiamin, niacin and vitamin C intakes were above Korean RDA, but the intakes of vitamin A and riboflavin were 88％ and 63％ of Korean RDA, respectively. On summarizing the results of the present study, the elderly people in rural area consume less lipid, cholesterol, Ca, and dietary fiber. Ca intake is lower, while P intake is higher, and this would be the potential risk for bone health. Also, Na intake was high, which can be the potential risk for the cardiovascular disease prevailance. Vitamin intakes were fairly good status, excepting riboflavin. Antioxidant mineral intakes were much higher than Korean NRV, unexpectedly. The results suggest that the elderly people in rural area have inadequate intakes of protein, lipid, dietary fiber and Ca, which mainly should be supplied from animal products. Recommendations to increase diet variety would be emphasized for this nutritionally poor-conditioned subjects, specially including animal food products and high dietary fiber food.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
• /
• 제35권9호
• /
• pp.1200-1206
• /
• 2006

단백질과 칼륨의 섭취량으로 산출한 NEAP와 여성의 골밀도 및 골대사지표와의 관련성을 알아보기 위하여 $18\sim81$세의 여성 276명을 대상으로 설문조사와 식사섭취조사, 요추와 대퇴경부의 골밀도 측정, 소변의 디옥시피리디놀린을 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 대상자들의 NEAP 수준은 요추 골밀도(p<0.05)와 유의적인 음의 상관성을 보였고 대퇴경부 골밀도와도 유의적인 수준은 아니었으나 음의 상관성을 보였다. NEAP의 수준에 따라 대상자를 4분위수로 분류하고 연령, 신장, 체중의 차이를 보정하여 골밀도를 비교하였을 때 NEAP 수준이 가장 낮은 군의 요추 및 대퇴경부 골밀도가 가장 높았으나 유의적인 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 또한 단백질의 섭취량에 따른 골밀도의 4분위수 분석결과 단백질의 섭취량이 증가함에 따라 요추 골밀도가 감소하였다(p<0.05). 이상의 연구결과를 통하여 체내에서 알칼리를 생성하는 칼륨의 섭취증가와 체내에서 산을 생성하는 단백질의 섭취감소를 통한 체내 산도의 감소가 여성의 골밀도와 긍정적인 관련성을 나타낼 수 있음이 제시되었다. 따라서 칼슘섭취의 부족문제가 좀처럼 해결되고 있지 않은 우리나라의 식생활에서 골용해와 칼슘의 배설을 줄임으로써 골격건강을 유지할 수 있는 방안으로 단백질의 과잉섭취를 제한하고 체내 알칼리를 형성할 수 있는 무기질이 풍부한 식품의 섭취를 늘일 수 있도록 하는 식사지침의 마련이 필요하다고 생각된다. 또한 본 연구에서는 골밀도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 체내 알칼리성 유도 영양소를 칼륨으로만 한정했지만, 마그네슘이나 칼슘 등도 체내 알칼리성에 영향을 미치는 요인이기 때문에 다양한 알칼리성 영양소의 섭취가 골밀도에 미치는 영향에 대한 추후 연구가 요구된다.