• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.260-274
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• 2016

Objectives: Previous epidemiological studies about oxidative stress and depression are limited by hospital-based case-control design, single-time measurements of oxidative stress biomarkers, and the small number of study participants. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed the association between biomarker of oxidative stress and depressive symptom scores using repeatedly measured panel data from a community-dwelling elderly population. Methods: From 2008 to 2010, a total of 478 elderly participants residing in Seoul, Korea, were evaluated three times. Participants underwent the Korean version of the Short Form Generic Depression Scale (SGDS-K) test for screening depression, and urinary malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured as an oxidative stress biomarker. We used a generalized estimating equation with a compound symmetry covariance structure to estimate the effects of oxidative stress on depressive symptom scores. Results: A two-fold increase in urinary MDA concentration was significantly associated with a 33.88% (95% confidence interval [CI], 21.59% to 47.42%) increase in total SGDS-K scores. In subgroup analyses by gender, a two-fold increase in urinary MDA concentration was significantly associated with increased SGDS-K scores in both men and women (men: 30.88%; 95% CI, 10.24% to 55.37%; women: 34.77%; 95% CI, 20.09% to 51.25%). In bivariate analysis after an SGDS-K score ${\geq}8$ was defined as depression, the third and the fourth urinary MDA quartiles showed a significantly increased odds ratio(OR) of depression compared to the lowest urinary MDA quartile (third quartile OR, 6.51; 95% CI, 1.77 to 24.00; fourth quartile OR, 7.11; 95% CI, 1.99 to 25.42). Conclusions: Our study suggests a significant association between oxidative stress and depressive symptoms in the elderly population.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.491-498
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• 1999

Objectives : To determine the relations between seven blood lipids such as total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride(TG), HDL-cholesterol(HDL), LDL-cholesterol(LDL), apolipoprotein A-1(Apo A1), apolipoprotein B(Apo B) and lipoprotein(a)(Lp(A)) and the coronary heart diseases(CHD), the quantitative techniques of meta-analysis were applied to studios of blood lipids and CHD in Koreans. Methods : We searched the Korean and the English literature published from 1980 to August, 1997 by manual search and bibliography review. Information on sample size, study design, participant characteristics(gender, age) and blood lipid levels were abstracted by reviewers using inclusion criteria. Estimates of the effect sizes of blood lipid levels on CHD in Koreans and corresponding 95% confidence intervals were calculated using random-effect models. Results : We identified 16 case-control studies to apply meta-analysis. The overall effect sizes for CHD were 20.3(95% CI: 14.23-20.22) in TC, 24.8(95% CI: 12.6-36.86) in TG, 15.16(95% CI: 3.99-26.33) in LDL, -3.48(95% CI: -5.79 - -1.17) in HDL, -9.78(95% CI: -16.98 - -2.58) in Apo-a1, 17.88(95% CI: 9.72-26.05) in Apo B and 18.95(95% CI: 17.88-20.02) in Lp(a). Conclusions : Our results suggested that seven blood lipids were significantly associated with CHD in Koreans. Well-designed and prospective studies between blood lipids and CMD in Koreans should be peformed.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.59-64
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• 2003

The national standard anthropometry of Korea is conducted every 5∼6 year term after its first research was started in 1979, The fourth research was conducted in 1997. The result of the national standard anthropometry has been reflected in manufactured goods design of allied industries such as clothing, shoes and furniture. In this paper, we measured anthropometry data for every bodily figurative classification after dividing users according to gender, age and bodily figure using the result of the national standard anthropometry. We constructed 3D character through the process of analyzing interrelation of measured anthropomeoy and measuring representative category. In the process for organization , we measured anthropometry which can effectively express sports action of golf, tennis etc. We made it by presenting measurement which is able to form each type of 3D character after the category was decided. Quantitative and objective valuation for posture and action became possible by developing visible information offer and posture action analysis protocol in theoretical approach for analysis of posture and action in sports.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Emotion and Sensibility Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.134-140
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• 2003

The national standard physique research of Korea is being conducted every 5∼6 year term after its first research was started 1979, the fourth research was conducted in 1997. The result of the national physique research was reflected in manufactured goods design of allied industries such as clothing , shoes, furniture. In this thesis, we measured anthropometry value for every bodily figurative classification after dividing users according to gender, age, bodily figure using the result of the national standard physique research. We constructed 3D character through the process of analyzing interrelation of measured anthropometry and measuring representative category. For the process for organization, we measured anthropometry which can express sports action of golf, tennis and etc effectively. We made it by presenting measurement which is able to form each type of 3D character after the category was decided. Quantitative and objective valuation for posture and action became possible by developing visible information offer and posture action analysis protocol in theoretical approach for analysis for analysis of posture and action in sports.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.195-205
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• 2016

Purpose: This study is to compare the difference in status between elderly individuals with and without a spouse. Methods: The study is based on the Fifth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(KNHAENS), between 2010 and 2012. Subjects were over the age of 65 years who participated in the survey. Chi-square test and logistic regression of complex sampling design of the KNHAENS and used the survey analysis method by SPSS (version 18). Results: Sleep time of female elders living alone was the shortest which was 2.59 times that of male elders living with a spouse. Stress awareness of female elders living with a spouse was the highest, which was 3.21 times that of male elders living with a spouse. Depression was the highest in female elders living alone, which was 2.26 times that of male elders living with a spouse. Suicidal idea was the strongest in female elders living alone, which was 2.87 times that of male elders living alone. Conclusion: Female elders living alone were weakest in regards to socio-economical aspect with the highest rate of poverty, low educational status, and unemployment. The mental health status of females was worse than that of males. In particular, the mental health status of females living alone was the worst.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.407-414
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• 2018

Objective : The purpose of the present study was to describe an OrBitoZygomatic (OBZ) surgical variant that implies the drilling of the orbital roof and lateral wall of the orbit without orbitotomy. Methods : Design : cross-sectional study. Between January 2010 and December 2014, 18 patients with middle fossa lesions underwent the previously mentioned OBZ surgical variant. Gender, age, histopathological diagnosis, complications, and percentage of resection were registered. The detailed surgical technique is described. Results : Of the 18 cases listed in the study, nine were males and nine females. Seventeen cases (94.5%) were diagnosed as primary tumoral lesions, one case (5.5%) presented with metastasis of a carcinoma, and an additional one had a fibrous dysplasia. Age ranged between 27 and 73 years. Early complications were developed in four cases, but all of these were completely resolved. None developed enophthalmos. Conclusion : The present study illustrates a novel surgical OBZ approach that allows for the performance of a simpler and faster procedure with fewer complications, and without increasing surgical time or cerebral manipulation, for reaching lesions of the middle fossa. Thorough knowledge of the anatomy and surgical technique is essential for successful completion of the procedure.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to classify individualism-collectivism orientation into groups and analyze the difference of fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management by the groups. Questionnaires were administered to 376 adults in 20's and 30's living in Deagu and Kyungbook area through June 10~June 20, 2013. Frequency, factor analysis, reliability analysis, cluster analysis, correlation analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, t-test, and $X^2$-test were used for data analysis. Survey method was used to collect data for this study and the measures such as individualism-collectivism orientation, fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management consisted of 5-point Likerties scale. Individualism-collectivism orientation was categorized into collectivism, competition consciousness, love of family, and individual focus. Fashion leadership were found as opinion leadership, double leader, and innovator. Expected values of appearance management were found as pleasure/individuality, other consciousness, and conformity. This indicates that women showed high opinion leader, double leader, and innovator of fashion leadership and pleasure/individuality, and conformity of expected values of appearance management while men care more about competition consciousness, love of family, and individuality focus of individualism-collectivism orientation. Individualism-collectivism orientation showed significant correlation with the sub-variable of fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management. Individualism-collectivism orientation were classified into three groups such as competition collectivism, individuality, and low individual-collectivism. A test of significance in groups was determined by demographic variables like gender, age, occupancy and monthly income. Groups showed significant difference in fashion leadership and expected values of appearance management.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.109-118
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• 2014

This study has tried the comparative analysis by classifying the underwear brand advertisement into direct sex appeal advertisement and metaphorical sex appeal advertisement. The effectiveness of advertisement expression has been studied by the comparative analysis for the advertisement attitude, the brand attitude, the purchasing intention based on the gender and the difference between design major and the others. As the study result, the conclusion, that the direct sex appeal advertisement on the characteristic of underwear brand has high effect on women, has been drawn. Also, it could be recognizable that men have high preference for the advertisement attitude, the brand attitude and the purchasing intention for the metaphorical sex appeal advertisement. Consequentially, the point that the effect on women can be maximized when the sex appeal expression is in harmony with the image of goods may be identified in case of the direct sex appeal advertisement in the underwear advertisement; it could be recognizable that men expressed their interests for metaphorical sex appeal expressions in underwear brand advertisements.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.324-330
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• 2014

Purpose: The aim of the current study was to compare the muscle architecture of lower extremity using rehabilitative ultrasound imaging (RUSI) in young adults in Seoul and Hanoi. Methods: The study design was a comparative study of muscle cross-sectional area of lower extremity. Sixty healthy young subjects (Seoul group: 30, Hanoi group: 30) participated in this study. Real-time B-mode RUSI with a 7.5MHz linear transducer was used for measurement of cross-sectional area, pennation angle, and muscle thickness of the rectus femoris, tibialis anterior, and medial gastrocnemius muscles. Independent t-test was used for statistical analysis. Results: Significant difference in cross sectional area of rectus femoris was observed between Korean young adults and Hanoi young adults (p<0.01). Muscle thickness and pennation angle of tibialis anterior in Korean young adults were greater than in Hanoi young adults (p<0.01). In addition, the muscle thickness and pennation angle of the medial part of gastrocnemius muscle were greater in Korean young adults than in Hanoi young adults (p<0.01). In addition, in the results for gender, men had larger muscle architectures than women in both groups (p<0.01). Conclusion: This study, using RUSI, showed significant difference in muscle architectures of lower extremity in a diverse group of young adults RUSI.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.313-325
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to investigate impulse buying and the searching for sources of information among males and females in their 20s by their utilization of sales promotion in an internet fashion shopping mall. The findings were as follows: First, there was a statistically significant difference in the use of sales promotion by age and gender. Second, two factors, such as a price-oriented utilization of sales promotion and a non price-oriented utilization of sales promotion were extracted from the analysis of sub factors of the utilization of sales promotion in an internet fashion shopping mall. Third, five factors, including affective impulse buying, provocative impulsive buying, situational impulse buying, reminder impulse buying, and pure impulsive buying, were extracted from the analysis of sub factors of impulse buying in an internet fashion shopping mall. Fourth, the utilization of sales promotions in an internet fashion shopping mall had statistically significant effects on the sub factors of impulse buying, provocative impulse buying, situational impulse buying, reminder impulse buying, and pure impulse buying. Fifth, the analysis of the correlation between the utilization of sales promotion and the searching for sources of information revealed that price-oriented utilization of sales promotion had a correlation with DM or text message, advice from friends or family, advice from a sales person, information from friends or colleagues, celebrity supporters on TV dramas or movies, and product commercials and information.