• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.1-15
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• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to find out the factors responsible for purchase of LED (light-emitting-diodes) bulbs & tubes among Indian consumers and how much they are ready to replace their existing lighting system with LED fittings. A multiple regression model has been employed to investigate the factors affecting the buying decision of LED lamps in place of CFL and incandescent lamps. Eleven motives for adopting LED lamps has been identified viz. price, quality, energy saving, durability, brand, promotion, CSR, & environmental consciousness. In addition the effect of demographic variables like gender, age, household income on the purchasing decision of LED has also been examined. A total 150 respondents were contacted visiting different outlet of electrical shops of Northern Delhi. The study may helpful for the companies to decide their marketing strategies to promote LED Lamps among the consumers with an aim to save energy and save environment.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.4
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• pp.43-59
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine whether the gender, grade and school type of middle school students made any differences to their sexual awareness and sexual behaviors in an effort to lay the groundwork for providing more efficient sex education. The research questions were posed as follows: First, what is the sexual awareness of middle school students? Second, what are the sexual behaviors of middle school students? Third, are their gender, school year and school type related to their sexual awareness and behaviors? The subjects in this study were 976 middle school students from Gyeonggi province. After a survey was conducted with questionnaires prepared by this researcher based on earlier studies to suit the purpose of the study, the collected data were analyzed with SPSS 10.0 program. The frequency analysis, x2 test and correlational analysis were implemented, and basic statistical data were obtained. The conclusions were as follows: First, regarding their sexual awareness, the largest group of them agreed that one must report in case of being raped(4.36), and the smallest number of them thought that one might have a sexual relationship with a person other than his or her spouse after marriage(1.56). Second, as for experience of indecent materials, part of sexual behaviors, 67.4 percent had ever contacted such materials. The most common medium through which they contacted them was the Internet(56.5%). The above-mentioned findings suggested that the sexual awareness of the middle school students wasn't influenced by gender or school type. But that varied with grade, as the third graders had the best sexual consciousness. Their sexual behaviors were different according to gender. The boy students contacted more indecent materials, and their experience of such materials varied with grade, since the third graders contacted the most obscene materials. And that also varied with school type, and the non-engineering students contacted more obscene materials. As for sexual drives, their masturbation experience was different according to gender, grade and school type. The number of the boys who practiced masturbation was four-fold larger than that of the girls, and the second graders had more such experience. By school type, the non-engineering students practiced more masturbation, but there was no significant gap between their kissing, caressing and dating experiences.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.288-293
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the elementary school students' consciousness of safety, activities to prevent their accidents and factors causing such accidents. For this aim, a research was conducted from Nov. 19 through Dec. 22, 2007 by means of questionnaires distributed to 800 students enrolled in the 5th and 6th grades of 4 elementary schools in a urban-rural combined city. Out of the questionnaires distributed, 785 were collected and put to analysis by using SPSS 13.0 program to determine t-test, ANOVA, logistic regression, etc. 1. The maximum scores of safety consciousness revealing relatively high level of safety consciousness. There was, however, statistically significant difference by grade, type of residence, school life and academic achievements. In detail, 5th graders featured higher level of safety consciousness and those who live in apartments, lead a pleasant life at school and get better academic scores tended to keep higher level of safety consciousness. 2. The subjects of the high scored of activities to prevent accidents, with a statistically significant difference by gender, grade and individual personality. Females, 5th graders and active students were found to be more conscious of preventive activities for accidents. 3. In general, 6th graders and active students turned out to have experienced more accidents. 4. The main factors exerting influence on occurrence of accidents on the part of elementary school students are known to be preventive actions and consciousness of traffic safety in the category of safety consciousness. The significant variable in preventive actions was preventive actions of traffic accidents, burns and intoxication by category of accidents, but individual personality by category of general characters. Sixth graders and male students experienced more accidents, without significantly significant difference, though. As a result, From the above findings, prevention of safety accidents is found to be very important for elementary school students. It is therefore suggested that schools as well as homes should continue to conduct practical education to prevent accidents with priority placed on familiarizing students with preventive activities in daily life in consideration of their personal characters.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.9 no.10
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• pp.227-233
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• 2019

This study surveyed the dental hygiene and health science students in order to grasp the bioethics consciousness from June to July 2018 and to provide basic data for the development of the bioethics curriculum. Correlation between fetal right of life and artificial insemination awareness was significant in gender(r=0.241), religion(r=-0.176), and department(r=-0.160). Correlation between awareness of organ donation and organ transplantation was significant in grade(r=0.129), religion(r=-0.098), bio ethics educ ation(r=0.235). Correlation of euthanasia perception was significant in religion (r=0. 139), bioethics education(r=-0.157). As a result, To establish an ethical view that is desirable for health college students, Necessary to develop a curriculum and to sys tematically run education programs by analyzing the factors that affect biomedical ethics.

• Journal of Creative Information Culture
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-41
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the status of happiness according to the background of teachers, and to find out the effects of social support and job satisfaction on teachers' happiness. For this, the data of 249 teachers participating in the teacher training were analyzed using the Google online survey. As a result, there was no significant difference in gender or career, but elementary school teachers were found to have higher happiness than high school teachers. All the sub-factors of social support and job satisfaction were found to have positive relationship with the happiness sub-factors. In addition, in terms of the effects of social support and job satisfaction on inner happiness, teaching consciousness, autonomy, and trustworthy alliance had a positive effect on inner happiness, and the trustworthy alliance, advice, teaching consciousness on external commitment, and social belonging, Autonomy, development, and innovation had a positive effect on self-regulated happiness. It is believed that there is a need to improve the happiness of teachers using the results of this study.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.443-458
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• 2022

Generation MZ, a generic term for millennials and members of Generation Z, is an innovation-leading consumer group in the current market. This study aimed to examine the impact of the ethical consumption tendencies of millennials and Generation Z on the purchase intention of social enterprise fashion products. Data were collected from Generation MZ (15-40 years old) by quota sampling based on the demographic variables of gender, age, and region, respectively. Eight hundred responses were analyzed by descriptive statistics, factor analysis, t-test, and regressions using SPSS software. Three value factors (egoistic, altruistic, and biospheric) and three ethical consumption tendency factors (resource saving tendency, eco-friendly tendency, and consciousness of corporate responsibility) were determined by factor analyses. The results confirmed that women, who showed a higher ethical consumption tendency in all three factors, were more altruistic and biospheric than men. Furthermore, women portrayed a more favorable attitude and purchase intention towards fashion products of social enterprises. The results demonstrated that members of Generation Z were more altruistic and biospheric than millennials. Additionally, the attitude, purchase intention, and willingness to pay premium prices were higher in Generation Z members. It was confirmed that higher biospheric values correlated with greater values for the three ethical consumption tendency factors. The altruistic value affected both the resource saving tendency and eco-friendly trend, while the egoistic value had an effect on the resource saving tendency. Both attitude and purchase intention were positively influenced by all three of the ethical consumption tendency factors, and affected the willingness to pay premium prices. This was subsequently influenced by the resource saving tendency and consciousness of corporate responsibility. The results of this study contribute to understanding Generation MZ as a consumer group, and the establishment of marketing strategies for fashion companies.

• Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2006

The present study is intended to supply the welfare program for the elderly people with the data to be acquired by comparing and analyzing life satisfaction and health perception of 797 elders living in Jeonbuk area on the past, present and future dimensions. The results could be drawn as follows: 1. The subjects are composed of 50.8% females and 40.2% males. The majority of them are urbanites, living with spouses, dependent on children financially and suffering currently from illness. 2. With regard to their consciousness of health and life satisfaction, most subjects are not confident in their health but are satisfied with their current life. 3. As for socio-demographic characters by gender, male elders are mostly living with spouses(p=.000) and diseases(p=.000). Whereas, most females are left without spouses(p=.000) but with diseases(p=.000). 4. In terms of life satisfaction in connection with health perception by gender, elderly men seem to be significantly satisfied with their life in the past(p=.001), present(p=.000) and future(p=.000). Likewise, elderly women are significantly satisfied with their life in the past(p=.000), present(p=.000) and future(p=.000). Both men and women turned out to be satisfied with their present life, particularly. From the above outcomes, it may be summed up as follows: All the subjects in this survey are currently suffering from some kinds of diseases and have, thus, no confidence in their health. As far as they remain confident in their health, they can be satisfied with their life in the past, present and future dimensions, particularly for the present. In conclusion, the consciousness of one's health has great influence on one's life satisfaction especially in elderly stage. It seems, therefore, imperative to help the elderly people to control their health continuously to make them confident in their health and to develop welfare programs to meet diverse needs of the elderly people.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.81-89
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• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the effect of values on major satisfaction in dental hygiene students. Methods: The subjects were 214 dental hygiene students in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do who filled out the self-reported questionnaire after receiving informed consents from January 20 to February 15, 2014. Except incomplete answers, 187 data were analyzed using PASW Statistics 18.0 for Scheffe post hoc test, Pearson correlation coefficient, hierarchical regression analysis, independent sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA. The questionnaire consisted of general characteristics of the subjects and values. General characteristics consisted of gender, age, grade, school record, major choice motivation, and the influencing person to choose the major. The instrument for values was modified from Shin based on MILOV(Multi-Item Measures Of Values) and two professors of dental hygiene verified the validity of the instrument. Instrument for values consisted of 7 questions of values for self-respect, 6 questions of relation oriented values, 5 questions of emotion oriented values, and 5 questions of values for others measured by Likert 5 scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.769 in the study. The instrument for major satisfaction was modified from Na based on Program Evaluation Survey of Illinois University and two professors of dental hygiene verified the validity of the instrument. Major satisfaction consisted of 7 questions of general satisfaction, 5 questions of consciousness satisfaction, 5 questions of curriculum satisfaction and 3 questions of relation satisfaction measured by Likert 5 scale and Cronbach's alpha was 0.887 in the study. Results: Values of self-respect, relationship orientation and grade had significant influence on general satisfaction, while values of self-respect, relationship orientation and gender had significant influence on consciousness satisfaction. Values of relationship orientation, grade and school record had significant influence on curriculum satisfaction. Grade showed significant influence on relationship satisfaction. Conclusions: Values of self-respect and relationship orientation are the most important factors in dental hygiene students. The guidance for professional career and major satisfaction can be accomplished through the values of self-respect and relationship orientation.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.101-115
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• 2017

This study classified social stratum variables of adults in their 20s to 50s by subjective and objective measurements and classified leisure activities into groups to examine the conspicuous consumption of leisure apparel. A total of 365 adults in their 20s to 50s living in Daegu and the Kyungbuk area were selected considering their jobs and residences. SPSS PC+ 20.0 was used to analyze the data with frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability examination, cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan-test, Scheffe-test, and ${\chi}^2-test$. The results of this study are shown as follows. First, 'Jogging/Walking' was found to be the most favorable activity in the examination of leisure sports activities among the participants and showed a difference in gender. Second, leisure activities were pastime-culture activity, sports activities, static activity, volunteering, and relaxing, and these activities were grouped into non-participant, active and passive leisure activities. Conspicuous consumption of leisure apparel was classified into personality oriented, luxury goods-oriented, and other people-oriented. Third, there was a significant difference in the sub-factors of the conspicuous consumption of leisure apparel (personality oriented, luxury goods-oriented, other people-oriented) according to the sub-factors of subjective stratum(economic power, social position, level of consumption, cultural level and overall stratum consciousness). Fourth, there was significance in the objective social stratum variable by the types of leisure activities. Significant differences were found in personality orientation, luxury goods-oriented, and other people-oriented in conspicuous consumption of leisure apparel by the types of leisure activities. Finally, there were significant differences in economic power, level of consumption, cultural level of subjective social stratum by gender, sports activities and volunteering in leisure activities, as well as other people-oriented conspicuous consumption of leisure apparel. This study also found significant differences in economic power, level of consumption and cultural level of social stratum by age, as well as other people-oriented conspicuous consumption of leisure apparel.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.57 no.1 s.110
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• pp.50-65
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• 2007

Clothes and human body are inseparably related. Aesthetic consciousness of the body determines the form of clothing, reflecting the time and culture as well as the individual and society. Clothes can even reorganize the meaning of the body, while transcending their instrumental functions of protecting, expanding and deforming the body. Using 'body' to analyze the clothing form, my study develops a framework by which to classify the planarization of the body in Japanese avant-garde fashion. In order to inquire the formative style and aesthetic values expressed in Japanese avant-garde fashion, my study examines subjects from the discourse on the body to the fashion collections of the 20th and 21st century. The results of the study are as follows. Japanese avant-garde fashion focuses on a planarization of the body which questions the three dimensional construction of the body in more conventional clothing system. Un-structured, variable space posited between the body and clothes, participation of the wearer, attention to recent technology and material, and absence of gender identification characterizes the planarization of the body in Japanese avant-garde fashion. The absence of body in fashion stresses a will-to-form rather than mere bodily proportion and structure, which explores trans-extensity that goes beyond the boundary of the body Ultimately, planarization of the body betrays the correspondence between signifiant and signifie in sartorial convention. Aesthetic ideal of the body is visualized in the form of a dress. Some clothes prioritize the body, particularly the feminine bodily curves, while others focus on the clothing itself as abstract and sculptural forms. Fashion continues to explore forms and images that transcend the traditional representations of the clothed body. As a type of intimate architecture, fashion always mediates the dialogue between clothes and body, or fashion and figure. My study suggests a framework to analyze bodily representation in Japanese avant-garde fashion, focusing on the relationship between the clothes and body.