• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.153-160
• /
• 1996

A novel simple method to detect vitamins in cosmetic products by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS) has been developed. Three vitamins(panthenol, cholecalciferol and tocopherol) were used for this study. Vitamins were prepared by dissolving in tetrahydrofuran(THF), and silylated with bis-trimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide-trichloromethylsilane(BSTFA). Silated vitamins were separated on a fuses-silica capillary column coated with DB-5. The identification of each vitamin was accomplished by retention time and mass spectrum library search with a computer, and the quantitation was made in the selected-ion monitoring(SIM) mode of GC-MS. SIM mode had given sensitivity to determine 50pg of panthenol, 285pg of cholecalciferol and 130pg of tocopherol. Linearity was maintained over the range 0.005-0.20% for each vitamin. Each cosmetic product(i.e. hair tonic and lotion) was found to contain amounts of the vitamins. This method was sensitive and gave 77.5-99.9% recovery of each vitamin from these cosmetic products. From these results, we concluded that silylation with BSTFA followed by GC-MS analysis allows the simple, covenient and exact determination of panthenol, cholecalciferol and tocopherol.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.47 no.4
• /
• pp.195-199
• /
• 2003

An analysis method for the determination of methylendedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and its metabolite methylendedioxymethamphetamine (MDA) in hair by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was proposed. For MDMA and MDA analysis, hair samples were incubated in MeOH (1％ HCl), derivatized with trifluoroacetic anhydride and assayed by GC/MS. Hair of 18 subjects for drug abuse was analyzed for MDMA and MDA. Calibration curves for the determination of MDMA and MDA in hair showed a good linearity at a concentration range from 0.5 ng to 250 ng ($r^2$=0.999) The extraction recovery was determined from hair blanks at 50, 100 ng. The percentage of recovery were found to be 96.08∼103.48 with CV value of 1.62∼3.89. The concentrations of MDMA and MDA ranged 1.14∼38.06 ng/mg and 0.07∼3.91 ng/mg, respectively in 18 hair samples from MDMA abusers. The ratio of MDMA to MDA ranged from 9.65∼28.46 in all specimen. Hair analysis for MDMA is a useful method for identification of long-term drug abuser.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.356-361
• /
• 1993

A sensitive method for the determination of methamphetamine(MA) and amphetamine(AM) in hair was developed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry using stable isotope-labeled internal standards, amphetamine-d$_{5}$ and methamphetamine-d$_{5}$. Hair sample was washed with MeOH, incubated with MeOH(I% HCI) overnight at $37^{\circ}C$ while stirring and extracted using solid phase extraction column on a vacuum manifold. The extract obtained was pentafluoropropionated, and applied to GC/MS. The calibration curves of MA and AM were linear from 2.5 to 250 ng (r>0.99 for both). The limit of detection was 0.1 ng/mg in hair and cut-off level was set at 0.25 ng/mg for both. Hair samples of 27 MA abusers showed positive results in the range 0.7 to 106.8 ng/mg. AM, its metabolite, was detected in 20 out of 27 samples. The ratio of MA versus AM was 4.6~38.3 in specimens. Hair analysis for methamphetamine by GC/MS is an effective method for identifying long-term drug abusers.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• v.18 no.3
• /
• pp.700-705
• /
• 2009

In this study, the volatile compounds in 9 commercial fermented soybean pastes were extracted and analyzed by headspace-solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), respectively. A total of 63 volatile components, including 21 esters, 7 alcohols, 7 acids, 8 pyrazines, 5 volatile phenols, 3 ketones, 6 aldehydes, and 6 miscellaneous compounds, were identified. Esters, acids, and pyrazines were the largest groups among the quantified volatiles. About 50% of the total quantified volatile material was contributed by 5 compounds in 9 soybean paste samples; ethyl hexadecanoate, acetic acid, butanoic acid, 2/3-methyl butanoic acid, and tetramethyl-pyrazine. Three samples (CJW, SIN, and HAE) made by Aspergillus oryzae inoculation showed similar volatile patterns as shown in principal component analyses to GC-MS data sets, which showed higher levels in ethyl esters and 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol. Traditional fermented soybean pastes showed overall higher levels in pyrazines and acids contents.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.337-343
• /
• 2010

1-Deoxynojirimycin(1-DNJ) was hardly detected by general UV detector. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed 1-DNJ, a effective functional material in which was contained the leaves of Cudrania tricuspidata and its tea by gas-chromatography. Synthesized a TMS derivative by attaching trimethylsilyl group to 1-DNJ, analyzed this by GC, and could detect a good peak. The leaves of Cudrania tricuspidata contains $1154.83{\pm}56.67$ ug/g.d.w of 1-DNJ and tea of Cudrania tricuspidata leaves does $8.01{\pm}0.61$ ug/g.d.w. This means the contents of 1-DNJ was nearly identical to each other. The larger size of the leaves had the more contents of 1-DNJ and the middle region of collection was the highest than any other collective regions of leaves.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.25-35
• /
• 2023

Plants are a traditional source of many chemicals used as biochemical, flavors, food, color, and pharmaceuticals in various countries, especially India. Most herbal medicines and their derivatives are often made from crude extracts containing a complex mixture of various phytochemical chemical components (secondary metabolites of the plants). This study aimed to identify bioactive compounds from the different parts of the plant from the ethanolic extract of Gymnema sylvestre, Senna auriculata, and Cissus quadrangularis (leaves, flower, stem) by gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). The gas chromatography - mass spectrometry analysis revealed the presence of various compounds like 3,4-dimethylcyclohexanol, hexanoic acid, D-mannose, and N-decanoic acid. Hence, the Gymnema sylvestre, Senna auriculata, and Cissus quadrangularis may have chemopreventive, anti-cancer, anti-microbial activity, antioxidant, anti-diabetic activity, anti-inflammatory, and antifungal due to the presence of secondary metabolites in the ethanolic extract. These phytochemicals are supported for traditional use in a variety of diseases.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.79-90
• /
• 2023

Natural goods, especially therapeutic plants, are abundant in the World. Because they have the ability to provide all humanity with countless advantages as a source of medicines, medicinal plants are presently receiving more attention than ever. These plants' therapeutic efficacy is based on bioactive phytochemical components that have clear physiological effects on the human body. The drying process is crucial for the preparation of plant materials prior to extraction since freshly harvested plant materials include active enzymes that create active components, intermediates, and metabolic processes. Many of the phytoconstituents may be extracted using the semi-polar solvent methanol. The goal of the current work is to use the GC-MS gas chromatography- mass spectrometry technology to identify the phytochemicals and review their biological activity. In methanol leaf extract, 5 phytocompounds were found in Ricinus communis, 5 phytocompounds in Pongamia pinnata, 12 phytocompounds in Datura metal, 7 phytocompounds in Azadirachta indica, 11 phytocompounds in Acalypha indica.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.115-124
• /
• 2000

The present study was undertaken to separate the available components effectively, such as tetrodotoxin(TTX), docosahexaenoic acid(DHA, C22:6,ω-3) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5,ω -3) from pufferfish liver waste, which are known to have high values as bioactive materials. By using ultrafiltration, it was possible to separate high contents of 68mg TTX from pufferfish liver waste. In contrast, by activated charcoal column, it was to obtain about 54mg TTX. The recovering ratios were 65.3% and 45.0% in the two different methods of ultrafiltration and activated charcoal column, respectively. From the results of HPLC and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS), the obtained toxins were identified to be TTX and its derivatives. In addition, it was also possible to obtain 72.3g DHA and 11.4g EPA from 1kg of pufferfish liver by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). These amounts of DHA and EPA were also 17.70% and 1.04% in the total lipid of pufferfish liver oil from analysis of gas chromatography(GC), respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.35 no.6
• /
• pp.659-666
• /
• 1991

A systematic analysis of 18 stimulants and narcotic analgesics containing nitrogen atom (s) in human urine by gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detector (GC-NPD), is described. The urinary extract with diethyl ether at pH 8.5 showed good recoveries of the drugs and less interference peaks on GC chromatogram. Retention data were standardized by the calculation of relative retention times using diphenylamine as the internal standard. The relative standard deviations of retention times were less than 0.1% for the within-run analyses. The response factor (RRF) of a drug relative to the internal standard was calculated. RRF decreased with increasing number of nitrogen atoms. This technique can be adapted to various analytical toxicology problems.

• Analytical Science and Technology
• /
• v.12 no.4
• /
• pp.265-272
• /
• 1999

A simultaneous profile analysis of 19 environmental estrogens, which act like estrogen and may effect the endocrine system by binding to hormone receptors or influencing cell signaling pathways, was attempted. The present method was based on the selected ion monitoring (SIM) mode of gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). It involves solid-liquid extraction, enzyme hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction and quantitative conversion into trimethylsilyl (TMS)-ether derivatives. Analytical recovery range was 47.6 ~ 99.5% and the RSD values of within-a-day and day-to-day test were 0.66 ~ 9.33%, 1.66 ~ 16.14%, respectively. The Korean reference values for the evaluation of environmental estrogen effects were established by this method.