• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제24권9호
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• pp.1155-1161
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• 2015

This paper is to study the tendency of the development of the urban comprehensive park in the modern history of China, and take the urban comprehensive park of Wuhan as an example to study the local research through the literature.. In 1928, Wuhan Urban Comprehensive Park starting stage characteristics to the ideological education of the government as the center, in 1977 the policy of reform and opening to the outside world to entertainment center, ecology design point of view, the introduction of open space and urban plaza, to human centered design, application of science and technology. 2015 in Wuhan Urban Garden Expo theme can be seen in green life as the goal, through the design of urban comprehensive park ecology and human centered design, the application of science and technology development.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.49-64
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• 1990

Studies on housing concept currently activated by environmental psychology are in its early stage of developement. The trends can be characterized as case oriented, phenomenological, and exploratory. The purpose of this research was to explore empirically the housing concept from residents living in multi family housing complex through their verbal expressions. Subjects were 63 housewives of middle class households in Junggae area. Interview technique with open questions about housing concept and images was used. The responses were analyzed using content analysis in which episode was the analysis unit. Relaxation appeared the most important aspect of housing concept This seemed to imply the need for escaping from the modern city life with too much stimulus or stress. Answers on specific images considered desirable to keep and continue from past traditional housing to future housing showed their strong need for natural green environment such as garden and park. This supported the concept of relaxation as a major function of modern housing and showed a specific alternative mean to satisfy the relaxation concept.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제40권9호
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• pp.191-205
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to identify the homelike design characteristics of elderly housing facility. To investigate what the preference of physical design characteristics are, interview was done by unstructured questionnaire to 30 middle aged and middle income group housewives living in Seoul. It was identified that preferred homelike physical characteristics of the houses were composed of 4 themes, housing types, building appearences and garden, floor plan and natural and social environments of its location. Their desirable housing standard was amenity which is the highest level of home environment. In their later life, they wanted to live in vicinity of Seoul to enjoy cultural benefits of the city and active outdoor activities in sunny, natural suburban environment. They liked a spacious, clean and bright color with natural material furnishings. Each architectural design expression of 4 themes was suggested.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.1-7
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• 2004

The purpose of the study is to review current status of green roof technology and to suggest the issues and solutions related with the technological problems of green roof in Korea. The scope of the study is limited to the extensive green roof which requires low maintenance. Technological issues related with green roof include soil, water proofing, water drain, vegetation and maintenance. Several solutions to invigorate green roof technology were suggested as follows; 1)implementation of technical standard for green roof and technology certification system, 2) development of suitable raw materials for green roof, 3) construction guidelines and uniform construction specification, 4) formulation of city ordinance for green roof, and 5) exchange program with foreign green roof organizations.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.503-507
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• 2011

신도시 A에 저탄소 녹색 마을(약 40만$m^2$)을 개발하고자 한다. 저탄소 녹색 마을의 조성을 위해서는 수문 순환의 복원 또는 물순환의 복원은 필수적이다. 저탄소 녹색 마을의 자연계 물순환 복원을 위해 LID-분산형 빗물 관리 시설의 설치를 계획하였다. 물순환에 미치는 영향 분석은 저탄소 녹색마을 개발 이전과 개발 후, 그리고 LID 시설(빗물정원, 인공습지, 빗물이용시설 등)을 설치한 후의 조건에서 EPA에서 개발된 SWMM-LID 모델을 이용하여 수행하였다. 개발 전의 침투 영역의 특성, 개발 후의 상당한 녹지 공간 탓으로, 수문 순환을 복원하기 위한 LID 설치 계획은 뚜렷한 효과를 보여주지 않고 있다. 그러나 LID 시설 설치에 의한 물순환의 가능성을 볼 수는 있었다. 이는 본 연구에서 제시한 LID 시설의 설치 계획이 해당 개발 지역의 물순환을 위해서는 더 확대되어야 함을 의미한다.

• 한국전통조경학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.23-36
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• 2010

파초의 상징적 의미와 이미지 그리고 식재 의미를 개관하는 한편 총 77엽의 조선시대 옛 그림 속 파초의 식재경향과 식재위치 그리고 파초가 등장하는 도엽의 특성을 분석함으로써 파초 식재의 양상과 그 의미를 추찰(推察)할 목적으로 시도된 본 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 파초는 기다림과 별리(別離), 미인 등의 꽃말뿐만 아니라 부귀와 기사회생(起死回生)을 상징하는 대용물이었으며, 도교적 의미로는 선인(仙人)의 풍취를 자아내는 대상이었다. 또한 불교적 언어로는 덧없는 인간사로부터 벗어나기 위한 탈속(脫俗)의 상징물이기도 하였다. 정원풍속도 및 고사인물도 또는 계회도에 빈번히 등장하는 파초는 탈속적 정취를 높이고 선비들의 아회(雅會)를 품격화하기 위한 소도구이며 장치로 보이는 바, 학과 사슴의 등장빈도가 높음은 이러한 경향을 반증한다. 또한 평생도(平生圖), 성시도(城市圖), 경직도(耕織圖) 등 특정 도상 속 파초의 의미는 부귀와 번영을 염원한 것으로 보이며, 사찰에 심겨진 파초는 인간사의 무상함을 환기시키는 탈속적 의미와 함께 '믿음의 구법'을 염원하는 의미도 함께 담고 있는 것으로 보인다. 더불어 파초 식재를 통한 기대 효과로 '비가 내릴 때 파초 잎을 울리는 소리경관'의 체험을 추구하고자 한 것으로 보이는데, 이는 넓은 잎을 지닌 (벽)오동나무 또한 가옥 근처에 파초와 같이 빈번히 발견됨에서도 확인된다. 한편, 파초의 식재장소는 주로 사랑채를 중심으로 한 전정이나 측정에 주로 단식이나 모아 심기한 것으로 보이며, 건물 내 파초 식재 위치는 우(雨)경관의 청음(聽音)이 용이한 침실 근방이었던 것으로 보인다. 그리고 파초와 같이 등장하는 괴석 또는 암석의 표현은 일종의 의경(意景) 구축의 수단이며, 아취 있는 완상(玩賞)을 위한 소재 조합의 산물로 보인다. 또한 옛 그림 속 등장인물은 주연의 경우, 풍류 등 선비활동과 관련이 높았으며, 조연의 주요 행위는 생활활동이 압도적으로 높게 나타났다. 조선조 17 18세기 파초는 아취 있는 정원의 구성과 묘사를 위한 긴요한 상징물이었다. 파초 식재문화는 선비들의 수양론적 의미대상이기도 하였다. 우경적(雨景的) 이미지 제공 및 자강불식(自彊不息)과 기사회생의 정신을 담았던 조선조 선비문화의 퇴조와 함께 파초는 우리나라 도시공간에서도 그 궤적을 같이 하여 퇴락한 것으로 추정된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2002

When the natural villages in Jeju province are incorporated into the district of city planning, they are considered to be a small-scale residential districts. Therefore, a garden city should be planned that considers the characteristics of the villages to implement an appropriate street system, to use the area effectively, and to harmonize the villages with the surrounding communities. There have been an especially large number of problems with the street system in the city of Seogwipo, which was notified as the area of natural settlement. This study analyzes the problems inherent in street planning and the present condition of roads whose construction has been postponed for a long time due to several problems including an inappropriately planned street system. Based on the research of various documents, a practical street system has been investigated. Most of the residents in natural settlement units demand use of the continued the existing roads as well as the implementation of an effective street system. They ask for street planning under which the involved construction would take only a short period of time and would result in only minimal damage to their existing properties. Therefore, the street system should be planned so as to preserve the nature-friendly features of natural settlements, their surroundings and tourism resources. Even after streets hwve been planned and their completion you has been established, the plan should be continuously evaluated, analyzed and compared with other alternatives. The street plan should continuously incorporate improvement measures which would satisfy various aspects of the street system including land use, traffic demand, and future population demands. Both the amount of money to be invested and economical efficiency should be considered for street planning since the street system has a great impact on many industries. Unnecessary costs related to excessive road construction should be avoided. The street network plan should also include the complete evaluation of the natural topography as well as the surrounding. Considering these views, the data concerning the current condition of the city and the related investigation play an important role in establishing a street plan. However, the investigation of future construction plans by the city is as of yet at a very early stage. Therefore, there is an urgent need for the investigational study of the current city development plans. The street system for the natural settlement area should be established only after the thorough investigation of all aspects of street planning. In addition, the plan should be flexible enough to consider the characteristics of Jeju.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.78-87
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• 1999

This study was aimed to establish the method and process of the Biotope Mapping System.(B.M.S.) The main aspects of research for biotope were divided by 4 schemes such as biosphere, geosphere, antroposphere and evaluation informations. The cartographic function of GIS(geographic information system) was also used to mapping them. The B.M.S. had been progressed with 5 steps : (1) making research goals, (2) constructing the graphic and attribute databases, (3) classifying 3 types of biotope such as tree/shrub biotop, grass biotop and wetland biotop. (4) cross-analyzing biotope types against land use, habitat characters, relief characters and danger/disturbance elements, (5) evaluating the biotope's potentialities. Only 3 steps of them were done in this study. The results of applicating the B.M.S on the research site as followings : 1. The interdisciplinary researches were needed to develop the B.M.S in Korea since ecological habitat conditions of Germany, England are differed from them of Korea. 2. The distributions of the land uses in Maejuri, Seunghwan eup in Chonan city were mainly recorded by forest(29.82%), orchard(14.11%) and landscaping around building site(9.05%). 3. The percentages of the Tree/Shrub Biotope type were ranged by the orchard type(23.8%), natural and artificial deciduous type with natural coniferous(23.6%) and etc. 4. The Grass Biotope type was mainly recorded by the wild grassland type(27.99%), garden type(14.21%) and peddy field with wild grassland(13.24%). 5. The distributions of the wetland were pointed high at the wetland type with reed marsh and edge vegetation around wetland(54.79%) and etc.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2016

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to evaluate the soil quality to cultivate crops in urban garden.METHODS AND RESULTS: During the period of six month from March to August 2015, measured eight heavy metals, seven Organic items and Fluorine on seventeen urban sites and thirty-one suburban sites in Gwangju city.METHODS AND RESULTS: The average concentration and range of heavy metal in soil are 0.15 mg/kg(ND-0.6) for Cd, 14.9 mg/kg(1.5-33.3) for Cu, 4.4 mg/kg(0.4-71.8) for As, 0.05 mg/kg(ND-1.366) for Hg, 24.7 mg/kg(13.1-62.7) for Pb, 102.5 mg/kg(49.1-276.4) for Zn and 9.2 mg/kg(ND-90.1) for Ni but Cr⁶⁺ is not detected. The average value and range of soil fertility items are 253.5mg/kg(76.6-1766.0) for fluorine, 6.4(4.8-7.7) for pH, 20.3 g/kg(5.0-44.0) for orangic matters, 562.7 mg/kg (28.0-1672.0) for available phosphate, 0.6 cmol⁺/kg (0.1-2.3) for K, 9.7 cmol⁺/kg (2.7-22.0) for Ca, 3.0 cmol⁺/kg (0.9-7.4) for Mg, 1.0 ds/m(0.2-2.9) for conductivity. The concentration of Hg in Suburban area is 0.005 mg/kg lower than 0.134 mg/kg in urban area. Also, the concentration of As, Cd, Ni and Zn is lower than urban area as 32%, 37%, 51%, 71% respectively.CONCLUSION: According to SPI index of soil contamination, 39 sites are first degree and 8 sites are second degree and 1 site(41th) is fourth degree. Pb and Cd are not detected and As is detected tiny amounts in plants grown polluted soil, so heavy metals have not moved to plants.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.317-336
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• 1992

The garden soils, main road dusts, residential road dusts, and playground soils/dusts of Seoul, Geumsan, Onsan, and Taebaek areas were analyzed in order to investigate the level of heavy metal pollution by urbanization and industrialization. The soil pH is in the range of 5.48~8.40 and was generally neutral. The color of soils and dusts is mainly Raw Umber to dark greyish Raw Umber. Some samples from Taebaek city, a coal mining area, showed a deep black color due to contamination by coal dusts. Major minerals of the dusts and soils are quartz, feldspars, and micas, reflecting the composition of the parent rocks. However, pyrite was found as a major mineral in the samples of industrial road dusts of Onsan, a smelting area, and resicential road dusts of Taebaek. Thus, the high level of heavy metals in mining and smelting areas can be explained with the sulfide minerals. The mode of occurences of heavy metals in Seoul, a comprehensive urbanized area, were related to the metallic pollutants and organic materials through observation by scanning eletron microscopy. In main road and residential road dusts of Onsan area, Cd, Zn, and Cu were extremely high. Some industrial road and residential road dusts of Seoul area showed high Cu, Zn, and Pb contents, wereas some garden soils and residential road dusts of Taebaek area were high in As content. In general, the heavy metal contents in dust samples were two to three times higher than those in soil samples. Main road dust samples were the most reflective from the discriminant analysis of multi-element data. Cadmium, Sb, and Se in Onsan area, As in Taebaek area, Pb and Te in Seoul area were most characteristic in discriminating the studied areas. Therefore, Cd in smelting areas, As in coal mining areas, and Pb in metropolitan areas can be suggested as the characteristic elements of each pollution pattern. The dispersion of heavy metal elements in urban areas tends to orignate in main roads and deposit in garden soils through the atmosphere and residential roads. The heavy metal contamination in Seoul is characteristic in areas with high population, factory, road, and traffic decsities. Heavy metal contents are high in the vicinity of smelters in Onsan area and are decayed to background levels from one kilometer away from the smelters.