• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.96 no.3
• /
• pp.295-299
• /
• 2007

Resistance to chestnut gall wasp (Dryocosmus kuriphilus) of Korean prevailing chestnut cultivars, new cultivars released by Korea Forest Research Institute (KFRI), and local cultivars by growers was investigated to select optimal cultivars suitable for main chestnut producing areas. During three years investigated from 2004 to 2006, we could find no damage by chestnut gall wasp in any cultivars of test sites located in Gongju and Chungju of the central area. However, most cultivars of Gwangyang, Sancheong and Hapcheon sites located in the southern area showed a lot of damage by chestnut gall wasp. Hapcheon was most severe in comparison with regional damage by chestnut gall wasp. From comparison among cultivars, Kwangeun, Sandae, Eunsan and Idae released by KFRI showed no damage suggesting the highest resistant cultivars. On the contrary, over 20% in total damage by chestnut gall wasp was investigated in Tanzawa, Riheiguri, Kurakata-amaguri, Pyeonggi, Gwangdeok, Seil, Sinipyeong and Yumabyuni suggesting susceptible cultivars. In damage by chestnut gall wasp according to investigated position within tree, weak shoot was more severe than bearing shoot. Damage by chestnut gall wasp of major cultivars in Gwangyang, Sancheong and Hapcheon sites was remarkably decreased in 2006, and it seems to be caused by biological control by natural enemies such as Torymus sinensis.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
• /
• v.15 no.3
• /
• pp.139-146
• /
• 1984

High performance liquid chromatographic separation is described for the analysis of bile acids after hydrolysis in seven commercial crude bile drugs and ox and pig galls. They are simultaneously separated with HPLC mobile phase of acetonitrile/0.5% ammonium carbonate (pH 6.7) (25.5 : 74.5) at a flow rate $(1.0{\rightarrow}1.5ml/min.)$ and differential refractometer. The linearity of calibration curve and recovery test are good by using the method. The analysis of major bile acids in seven commercial crude bile drugs using the described method is presented. Sample no. 1 of them is similar to separation pattern of ox gall. Sample no. 6 of them is supposed to be genuine bear gall on the basis of identification of ursodeoxycholic acid. Sample $no.\;2{\sim}5$ and 7 of them are supposed to be pig gall on the basis of identification of hyodeoxycholic acid which is a characteristic component of pig gall.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.124-130
• /
• 1991

This study was conducted to obtain basic information about the transformation of ginseng tissue, identification of opine compound and protein, and saponin production from ginseng callus transformed with Ti-plasmic of AW$.$obacterium tumefaiens C58. Ginseng crown gall callus induced by pTiC58 could be continuously cultured on the Phytohormone-free medium. The transformation was reconfirmed by the detection and identification of opine compound, from the gall callus. The transformed ginseng callus contained higher amounts of protein than normal callus and the protein pattern of transformed callus was quite different from that of normal callus. The xylose which is not detected in the normal callus and ginseng root was identified in gall callus. The saponin contents of gall callus of ginseng were three times higher than that of normal callus, and ginsenoside composition of the transformed callus was similar to that of the cultivated ginseng root, but quite different from that of normal callus.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.197-201
• /
• 1996

우리나라 포도재배 지역인 포천, 남양주 및 수원의 포도나무 줄기혹병에 이병된 포장으로부터 채집한 줄기혹(gall), 수액(sap) 및 근권토양으로부터 56균주의 유사 Agrobacterium를 분리하였으며, 이들 중 7균주가 포도나무 유묘의 줄기에 혹ㅇ르 형성시키는 병원성 Agrobacterium biovar의 선택배지에서의 생장, oxidase의 생성, Na L-tartrate로부터 알칼리의 성장, 2% NaCl 첨가 배지에서 생장, 3-ketolactose의 비생산, mesoerythritol과 ethanol로부터 산을 생성하지 못하는 등 Agrobacterium biovar 3인 A. vitis로 동정되었다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.60-77
• /
• 2020

Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) consists of six subfamilies, which are divided into three groups according to larval ecological habits (phytophagous, mycophagous, and zoophagous). The five basal subfamilies of Cecidomyiidae consist entirely of mycophagous species, with approximately 1500 species described worldwide and 29 previously known to occur in Korea. In this study, 37 named species (1 Lestremiinae, 29 Micromyinae, 4 Winnertziinae, and 3 Porricondylinae species) are newly reported from South Korea. We excluded Lestremia yasukunii Shinji from the list of Korean mycophagous cecidomyiids as it is a nomen nudum. Therefore, we herein officially recognize 65 species, 30 genera, and four subfamilies for the Korean mycophagous cecidomyiid fauna. We also provide diagnoses and photographs to aid species identification and discussion on the four years of gall midge taxonomic inventory in South Korea.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.33-44
• /
• 1983

Vegetatiion structure and population dynamcis of pine needle gall midge were investigated from 1980 to 1982 at the southern part of Palgong mountain near Daegu. The results of investigation at the areas of A (pure stand), B(30% mixed forest) adn C(60% mixed forest) were as follow; Vegeation of 3 areas were not classified by the species diversity, but by the unequal distribution of Alnus hirsuta, Robinia pseudo-acacia, Lespedeza cyrtobotrya, Quercus variabilis and vitality of Pinus densiflora at the area C was low, due to shadow by broad-leaf trees. Soil environmental factors at 3 areas not characteristic, but the average of humus contents showed high significance and the order was A

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.7 no.3
• /
• pp.145-149
• /
• 2001

A pathogenic bacterium was isolated from galls on Wistaria floibunda at Jinryang of Kyungsan, Kyungbuk, Korea in May, 2000. This bacterium was cultured and tested for pathogenicity on the host. Also its morphological and physiological characteristics were examined. Inoculation with the bacterium isolated from the gall caused the same symptoms as those under natural conditions. On the basis of bacteriological characteristics and pathogenecity on the host plant of the organism, the causal bacterium was identified as Pantoea agglomerans pv. milletiae. This is the first report of this bacterium to occur on W. floribunda plant in Korea. Therefore we proposed to name the disease as "bacterial gall of Wistaria floribunda" by P. agglomerans pv. milletiae.milletiae.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.40 no.1
• /
• pp.45-45
• /
• 2001

Development and predation of an aphidophagous gall midge, Aphidoletes aphydimyza (Rondani) , on the green peach aphid, Myzus persicae Sulzer, were studied under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. The developmental threshold temperature of the gall midge larvae was estimated to be $13^{\circ}C$. Larval and total developmental periods were 5.3 and 29 days at 25 $\pm$$2^{\circ}C$. The gall midge attacked more aphids as increasing density of peach aphids, and consumed 4 out of 10 peach aphids per day in a petri dish (9 cm in diameter) at maximum. In green house, the gall midge could control the density of the green peach aphids efficiently with a delayed density dependent-like pattern.

• Research in Plant Disease
• /
• v.14 no.2
• /
• pp.90-94
• /
• 2008

To investigate the severity of crown gall disease on grapevine, the ratio of healthy vs. galled grapevines and the presence of the pathogen of the disease in soil were measured in Korean vineyards. In field and greenhouse cultivations, the crown gall incidence of the cv. Kyoho grapevines was $0.4{\sim}97.9%$ and $1.4{\sim}3.8%$ and those of cv. Campbell Early was $1.2{\sim}2.1%$ and $0{\sim}1.8%$, respectively. The higher populations of Agrobacterium spp. were isolated from soils of grapeveins with crown gall than from soils of noninfected vineyards. Based on the colony shapes and growth on plates, 480 isolates of Agrobacterium spp. from 21 soil samples were collected. Only 13 isolates out of 480 developed the gall on inoculated grapevines.

• Journal of Sericultural and Entomological Science
• /
• v.24 no.1
• /
• pp.32-38
• /
• 1982

The study has been carried out to investigate a possibility to control the pine needle gall midge, Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inoue, by microbial pathogens as one of the microbial control measures. The samples were collected at Kocheon-Ri in the suburbs of Suweon city where were heavily damaged by this pest. Microorganisms were isolated from the both of diseased larvae and baiting method of soil microbes. In addition to, several species of the silkworm mucardine diseases were isolated for their infectivity of these fungi to the larvae of pine needle gall midge. Six species of fungi, Aureobasidium pullulans, Ascochyta sp, Verticillium psalliotae, Streptomyces sp., and two species of Aspergillus were isolated from the galls and soils, five species of muscardine diseases, Isaria farinosa, Spicaria pracina, Oospora destructor, Aspergillus flavus and A. oryzae were also identified from the silkworm corpse collected in the silkworm rearing farmers. Total of eleven species of fungi identified from the both of the larval of pine needle gall midge and silkworm larvae were tested for their pathogenecity to the larvae of pine needle gall midge. All of eleven species of fungi identified showed a considerable infectivity to the larvae. Twenty nine different kinds of bacteria were isolated from the both of diseased larvae and infested soils through the direct planting for the larvae and streaking for the corpse. The infectivity test is in progress. However two kinds of bacteria were recognized to be pathogenic to the larvae tested.