• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.453-460
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the potential quantity of Korean Offset Credits (KOC) resulting from Certified Emission Reductions (CER) in 98 domestic Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) projects that were registered with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as of the end of 2016. Our results show that the total amount of potential KOC is 62,774 kt CO2eq. The potential KOC is only 23.4% of the total CER Issuance. During the first phase, this will be 3.2% of the allocated volume. This is because many projects are related to Renewable Portfolio Standard (RPS), HFC-23, and adipic acid N2O. There is a strong bias in some sectors and projects which could act as market distortion factors. Therefore, it is necessary to expand the target CDM project and activate non CDM offset projects. RPS projects bring fundamental changes to the energy sector, and it is worth reconsidering their acceptability. A wide variety of policy incentives are needed to address strong biases toward certain sectors and projects. The offset scheme has the advantage of allowing entities to reduce their GHG emissions cost effectively through a market mechanism as well as enabling more entities to participate in GHG reduction efforts both directly and indirectly. In contrast, having an inadequate offset scheme range and size might decrease the effort on GHG reduction or concentrate available resources on specific projects. As such, it is of paramount importance to design and operate the offset scheme in such a way that it reflects the situation of the country.

• 대한건축학회논문집:계획계
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2020

This study aims to seek a proper policy direction in response to the demand for apartment remodeling. As the research methods, we diagnosed the current status of the remodeling policy and analyzed the demand for apartment remodeling nationwide. According to the result of analysis, we suggested the fundamental direction and tasks for remodeling policies to be pursued at the government level. The results of the study are summarized as follows. First, the result of analysis showed that the demand for environmental improvement(performance improvement) remodeling project was much higher than other types of remodeling projects. The percentage of unit increased-type remodeling that can secure business feasibility is about 10% and only 30% when it comes to reducing project costs. The remaining 70-90% need to be promoted in environmental improvement remodeling projects which dependent on the residents' payment. Second, in order to prepare a policy action plan in response to the demand for apartment remodeling, it is necessary to set up clear policy goals and strategies for apartment remodeling in advance at the national level. Along with proactive goals and strategies, graded policy support should be accompanied per type of remodeling and business demand. We also suggest to simplify administrative procedures and support the R&D research to develop technologies. It would help to utilize the unit increased-type remodeling. On the other hand, for utilizing the environmental improvement remodeling which takes up a relatively high proportion, the policy should take care of as follows: offering housing performance information, rationalizing long term repair reserve, fostering small companies and experts. Finally, apartment management system should be advanced from the perspectives of managing old apartments and institutional foundations such as new construction and customized regulations for differentiated remodeling should be accompanied.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.213-218
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• 2001

Presented are the STM images of self-assembled monolayer of 2-mercaptoethanol on Au(111). Striped structures of ($6{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$), ($5{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$), ($4{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) and compact-($5{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) were observed after annealing at $80^{\circ}C.$ Analysis of the ordered structures revealed that the basic fundamental units of the ordered structures were three crystallographically non-equivalent ($3_{\frac{1}{2}}{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) $R30^{\circ}$ assemblies, and that the way of combination of the assemblies produced the four different structures. The($6{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) structure ( $\theta$ = 0.33) was composed of one ($3_{\frac{1}{2}}{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$)$R30^{\circ}$ assembly, while the ($5{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) ( $\theta$ = 0.30) and ($4{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) ( $\theta$ = 0.38) structures were consisted of two ($3_{\frac{1}{2}}{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) $R30^{\circ}$ assemblies, separated by 5a and 4a, respectively. Furthermore, the compact-(5X 3½) structure ( $\theta$ = 0.50) was obtained by overlapping three ($3_{\frac{1}{2}}{\times}3_{\frac{1}{2}}$) $R30^{\circ}$ assemblies. In spite of the diversity in the adsorption structures, all the adsorption sites of 2-mercaptoethanol were fundamentally identical. On the other hand, the unannealed primitive SAM of 2-mercaptoethanol was characterized by two observations: a short-range order keeping the adsorbed molecules at approximately $3_{\frac{1}{2}}$ a and the small domains of the striped structures supporting that the observed surface structures on the annealed surface were the extension of the primitive layer of 2-mercaptoethanol. Comparing these observations with the already published structures of ethanthiol, it was concluded that the interaction between the hydroxyl groups of 2-mercaptoethanol might play a significant role in the adsorption step of 2-mercaptoethanol on Au(111) to organize the adsorption structures different from those of ethanthiol.

• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.146-170
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• 2020

Purpose - This paper addresses the concepts of FDI-Trade-Growth nexus in Myanmar's economy and empirically investigates the interrelationships of trade, investment and economic growth to reveal the growth model of Myanmar's economy. Additionally, this paper also addresses the cooperative strategies between Myanmar and South Korea through a case study related to South Korea's economic growth. Design/methodology - Our empirical model considers the interrelationship among FDI, trade, growth, labor force and inflation in Myanmar. This study employs ARDL (Autoregressive Distributed Lag) to conduct an analysis of the FDI-Trade-Growth relationships using the time series data from 1970 to 2016 and a conducted case study of South Korea provided for practical implication on cooperative strategies between Myanmar and Korea. Findings - Export equation was chosen through the diagnostic tests. Our main findings can be summarized as follows: Export in Myanmar is positively influenced by labor force, FDI, capital formation and negatively impacted by import and instable inflation rate in the long run. In the short run, GDP and import positively influence export. The Granger causality test proves that Myanmar is an FDI/labor force-led Growth economy, where FDI and labor force are main drivers of export followed by GDP in Myanmar. The case study of South Korea provided that Korea's tax and credit system for promoting export-led FDI industries and cooperative units for joint ventures between Korea and Myanmar in export-led FDI industries are recommended. Originality/value - No study has yet to be conducted on the interrelationships of macroeconomic factors from the perspectives of FDI-Trade-Growth Nexus in Myanmar under the assumption of labor force and inflation rate as fundamental conditions. The current study also covered a relatively longer period of time series data from 1970 to 2016. This paper also conducts a case study of South Korea's experience in order to evaluate the findings and provide better policy implications.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제57권2호
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• pp.51-77
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• 2023

본 연구는 대학구성원의 교수·학습 활동을 위해 대학도서관에서 지원해야 하는 서비스의 방향성을 모색하기 위하여 교수학습센터와 대학도서관에서 제공하고 있는 교수·학습 관련 활동 현황을 파악하고, 대학도서관 사서를 대상으로 인터뷰를 통해 교수·학습 지원활동에 대한 인식을 분석하였다. 질적 데이터의 내용분석 결과, 도서관 서비스 영역에서는 교수·학습지원, 서비스 제공방식, 관계 강화와 관련된 실무자들의 인식을 파악할 수 있었으며, 도서관 역할 인식 영역에서는 도서관 역할에 대한 타 부서 인식, 도서관 역할 정립, 도서관 투자 확대로 나누어 이에 대한 실무자들의 인식을 파악할 수 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 대학도서관의 교수·학습지원 서비스의 방향성으로 '전공 및 학과 전담 서비스에 대한 홍보 강화', '교육자로서 사서의 역량 강화', '디지털 정보자원에 대한 리터러시 강화', '기초소양 함양 프로그램의 개발 및 운영에 있어 도서관의 역할 강화', '휴먼라이브러리의 운영', '도서관 공간의 다양한 활용 모색' 등을 제시하였다.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.389-401
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• 2024

In recent decades, numerous instances of blockages have been reported in coastal nuclear power plants globally, leading to serious safety accidents such as power reduction, manual or automatic power loss, or shutdown of nuclear power units. Loss or shortage of cooling water may compromise the reliability of the cooling water system, thus threatening the operational safety of power plants and resulting in revenue reduction. This study provides a comprehensive review of the current state of cooling water system safety in coastal nuclear power plants worldwide and the common challenges they face, as well as the relevant research on cooling water system safety issues. The research overview and progress in investigation methods, outbreak mechanisms, prevention and control measures, and practical cases of blockages were summarized. Despite existing research, there are still many shortcomings regarding the pertinence, comprehensiveness and prospects of related research, and many problems urgently need to be solved. The most fundamental concern involves understanding the list of potential risks of blockages and their spatially distributed effects in surrounding waters. Furthermore, knowledge of the biological cycles and ecological habits of key organisms is essential for implementing risk prevention and control and for building a scientific and effective monitoring system.

• 디자인학연구
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.243-254
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• 2005

조기디자인' 교육을 장기적인 정책과제로 관심을 가지고 체계적으로 실천하고 있는 영국을 비롯한 미국, 핀란드 등 선진국들의 다양한 목적의 초등디자인교육 학습프로그램 사례에 관한 연구는 우리나라의 초등디자인교육 관련 프로그램 개발을 위한 기초적인 참고자료로 활용을 위채 필요하다고 판단된다. 따라서 본 연구는 아동디자인교육 중에서도 영국의 초등학교 디자인교육의 프로그램사례 조사와 그 분석결과를 제시하였다. 영국은 국가교육과정으로 법정.:P.과인 '미술과 디자인', 그리고 '디자인과 기술'의 두 교과에서 초등디자인교육을 하고 있는데, 두 교과의 디자인관련 단원학습프로그램의 분석결과는 '디자인과 기술'교과의 디자인 관련 단원학습프로그램들은 4개의 식품관련 단원을 제외한 20개 단원들의 대부분이 '과학적이고 공학적인 '내용영역'을 중심으로 체계적이고 과학적인 방법으로 '문제해결'을 해 나가는 '과정'중심의 '디자인과정'을 기반으로 하는 '행동유형'들과 관련성을 보여주고 있으며, 일부 단원은 부분적으로 '실용적이고 기능적'인 '내용영역'과 관련성이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 '미술과 디자인'교과는 19단원 중에서 주로 '미적이고 상징적'인 '내용영역'의 순수미술과 건축 관련 단원을 제외한 직접적으로 디자인과 관련된 6개 단원은 주로 '미적이고 상징적'이거나 아니면 '실용적이고 기능적'인 '내용영역에 따른 '행동유형'에 비중을 두었기 때문에 '과학적이고 공학적'인 '내용영역'과의 관련성은 '디자인과 기술'교과에 비교해서 매우 적은 것으로 분석되었다. 이것은 영국의 '디자인과정'을 기반으로 한 '과학적이고 공학적'인 '창의성 개발과'과 '문제해결' 중심의 초등학교 디자인교육은 '디자인과 기술'교과에서 이루어지고 있음을 실증하는 것으로, 특히, 본 연구에서 분석하고 제시한 영국 초등학교의 '디자인과 기술'교과의 디자인관련 단원학습프로그램 사례들은, 우리나라의 초등교사를 비롯한 초등디자인교육에 직, 간접적으로 관련된 개인이나 교육기관 등에서 초등 디자인교육 프로그램 개발을 위한 하나의 기초 참고자료로써 활용될 수 있기를 기대한다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2020

국내 유도무기 분야의 비약적 발전에도 불구하고, 유도무기 내 정밀 기계 부품의 제조 방식은 80년대의 기계 절삭가공 및 정밀주조 방식에서 눈에 띄는 발전이 없는 상황이다. 생산 수량이 많지 않고 높은 신뢰도를 요구하는 만큼 기계 절삭가공이나 정밀주조 방식이 유리한 측면이 있는 것은 분명하다. 하지만 광범위 지역 제압용 유도무기(천무, 해룡 등)의 경우 유도탄 1기당 수백 개 이상의 자탄이 소요되어 대량 생산성을 요구하고 있으며, 각각의 부품 중 가공 난이도가 높은 경우는 기존의 기계 절삭가공 및 정밀주조 방식으로는 생산성과 품질을 동시에 충족시키기 어려운 실정이다. 특히 최근에 대두되고 있는 국내 방산제품들의 해외 시장 수출 경쟁력 강화를 위해서는, 생산성의 개선을 통한 원가 절감이 필수적이라고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 상기에 언급된 문제의 해결을 위해 유도무기 소형 정밀부품의 MIM(Metal Injection Moulding) 공법 적용 가능성에 대해 연구한다. MIM 공법의 기초연구를 수행하여 공정 설계 간 최적의 공정 조건을 도출하였으며, 이를 적용하여 제작된 자탄신관 소형 정밀부품과 기존 방식으로 제작된 제품의 품질 검사 결과 비교 및 해당 부품이 적용되어 제작된 신관의 기능시험 수행 결과를 통해 MIM 공법의 적용 가능성을 소개한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

This study was performed to provide fundamental data to establish the new soil pollution standards and the soil contamination management plans in a rational manner. The distribution characteristics of new soil contaminants such as barium (Ba) and chromium (Cr) in soils (n=140) were investigated in relation to land-use classification and geological features. Also, the sequential extraction test was conducted to evaluate fate and mobility of new soil contaminants. The soil samples taken from 140 sites were analyzed to survey distribution levels of selected new soil contaminants. The average concentration and range for hazardous metals (Ba, Cr) were Ba 128.946 (26.757~489.587) mg/kg, Cr 30.121 (2.579~132.783) mg/kg. Based on land use classification, the highest Ba concentration was found in factory soils, followed by dry field and park soils, while Cr concentration was highest in rice paddy soils, followed by dry field and factory soils. Within 10 geological units investigated the highest Ba and Cr concentrations were observed in the soils from Okcheon group and metamorphic rocks, respectively. The BCR (European Community Bureau of Reference) sequential extraction was conducted to identify chemical distributional existence of 2 elements of soils from each geological unit. Ba in soils is mainly assumed to exists as reducible form (such as BaSO₄, BaCO₃) and Cr in soils mainly is assumed to exist as residual form (such as Cr₂O₃, Cr_xFe_1-x(OH)₃(x < 1)).

• 대한음성학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성학회 1997년도 7월 학술대회지
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• pp.228-229
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• 1997

1 Intonation is important. It cannot be ignored. To convince students of the importance of intonation, we can use sentences with two very different interpretations according to intonation. Example: "I thought it would rain" with a fallon "rain" means it did not rain, but with a fall on "thought" and a rise on "rain" it means that it did rain. 2 Although complex, intonation is structured. For both teacher and student, the big job of tackling intonation is made simpler by remembering that intonation can be analysed into systems and units. There are three main systems in English intonation: Tonality (division into phrases) Tonicity (selection of accented syllables) Tone (the choice of pitch movements) Examples: Tonality: My brother who lives in London is a doctor. Tonicity: Hello. How ARE you. Hello. How are YOU. Tone: Ways to say "Thank you" 3 In deciding what to teach, we must distinguish what is universal from what is specifically English. This is where contrastive studies of intonation are very valuable. Usually, for instance, division into phrases (tonality) works in broadly similar ways across languages. Some uses of pitch are also similar across languages - for example, very high pitch may signal excitement or urgency. 4 Although most people think that intonation is mainly about pitch (the tone system), actually accent placement (tonicity) is probably the single most important aspect of English intonation. This is because it is connected with information focus, and the effects on interpretation are very clear-cut. Example: They asked for coffee, so I made them coffee. (The second occurrence of "coffee" must not be accented). 5 Ear-training is the beginning of intonation training in the VeL approach. First, students learn to identify fall vs rise vs fall-rise. To begin with, single words are used, then phrases and sentences. When learning tones, the fIrst words used should have unstressed syllables after the stressed syllable (Saturday) to make the pitch movement clearer. 6 In production drills, the fIrst thing is to establish simple neutral patterns. There should be no drama or really special meanings. Simple drills can be used to teach important patterns: Example: A: Peter likes football B: Yes JOHN likes football TOO A: Mary rides a bike B: Yes JENny rides a bike TOO 7 The teacher must be systematic and let learners KNOW what they are learning. It is no good using new patterns and hoping that students will "pick them up" without noticing. 8 Visual feedback of fundamental frequency with a computer display can help students learn correct patterns. The teacher can use the display to demonstrate patterns, or students can practise by themselves, imitating recorded models.