• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.9
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• pp.119-129
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• 2019

The purpose of this paper is to study the meaning of Rem Koolhaas's works focused on Villa Dall'Ava. This House which offers a fine example of the early architectural concepts of Rem Koolhaas was completed in 1991, 7 year earlier than the Maison Bordeaux and also this work is the only one house constructed in Paris. Rem Koolhaas, one of the most influential architects representing contemporary architecture in these days is interpreted so diversely as new constructivism, deconstruction and new scientism etc. The relationship between Modernism architecture and the architecture of Rem Koolhaas is supposed in various point of view in recent studies. Although the leading background on which the architectural inclination of Rem Koolhaas is de-constructivism, various interviews, editorials and other perspectives give clue that Rem Koolhaas was influenced by Modernism. His architectural concept is connected with the architectural principles of Le Corbusier: 'Five Points of a New Architecture' and 'Dom-ino system', which are especially applied a lot to Villa Dall'Ava in the modified form. This study is to research the architectural characteristics of Villa Dall'Ava by analyzing the layout, plan, elevation, section and structure, which revealed the architectural connectivity between the concept of Rem Koolhaas and the architectural principles of Le Corbusier which had a great effects on architectural history and became a fundamental elements for the change into the modern architecture. In practice, the architectural work of Rem Koolhaas remind the architectural principles of Le Corbusier. This research appraises each points of 'Five Points of a New Architecture' in regarding with Villa Dall'Ava whose study will be important to find the meaning of the works and ideas of Rem Koolhaas.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2022.10a
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• pp.185-187
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• 2022

Because of the rapid change in the educational paradigm in the Fourth Industrial Revolution Era, Artificial Intelligence (AI) Education is becoming increasingly important today. The 2022 Revised Curriculum focuses on AI Education that can cultivate the fundamental skills and competencies needed in the future society. The following are the directions presented in this study for improving computational thinking and mathematical thinking in AI Education in elementary and secondary schools. First, studying teaching principles that allow students to understand AI concepts and principles and develop their ability to solve real-life problems is necessary in terms of computational thinking skills education. Second, an educational program is required for students to acquire algorithms using formulas and learn principles in the process of computers thinking like humans as part of their mathematical thinking ability to understand AI. A study on expectations through the analysis of competent learning effects that may arise from the relationship between instructors and learners was proposed as a future research project.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.87-91
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• 2009

"Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease" is a ancient formula records on keeping in good health, provided "Internal classic" is a ancient codes on keep in good health. It can be inferred that Zhang Zhongjing was a first inheritor of academic ideology from "formula followed by establishment of the therapeutic principles". Before writing and compiling the "Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease", Zhang zhongjing got the essence of "Internal classic" after composing and utilizing "Plain Questions", "Miraculous pivot and classic of difficult issues", so all the theory foundations of "Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease" came from "Internal classic". The keynote of internal classic lies in obeying the Yin and Yang in natural world and preserving and maintaining the yang-qi of human body to attain the longest life-span. Zhang assimilated the essence of "Internal classic" and then generated a new ideological system - "Treatise on cold damage and miscellaneous disease" when studying it. This article is to expound ideology inheritance of keeping in good health by protecting Yang in "Internal classic" from analyzing the usage of Guizhi in "treatise on cold damage diseases".

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.115-124
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• 2010

The trend of abstract expressions has become one of the fundamental causes of the problems relating to a sense of place in modern architecture. This trend began in earnest after the era of modernism, caused by the effect of modern dualism. Before analyzing the problems of the modern trend of abstract expressions and sense of place, a fundamental review of the establishment of human environments is necessary. In this context, this study deals with the principles of the establishment of an environment based on the logic of projection between human beings and milieu, through the concept of mediance by Augustin Berque, and based on this, causes of adverse effects on the establishment of environments in modernism were verified. In addition, the last section covers the conceptual supplements required in order for the concept of mediance to become practical, overcoming its limitation of being simply theoretical. Through this analysis on the concept of mediance, it is realized that a genuine sense of place can be achieved only when architecture moves beyond the individual dimension as a simply physical object, and instead plays a role as a socially sustainable community, embracing the people and unique objects therein.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.132-152
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• 2005

Today's society requires companies to act more and more effectively for the general good, by respecting human rights and the environment. Innovative and enlightened companies try to meet this need through the adoption of several initiatives. Accordingly, the International Standard Organisation is now working on attempts to unify these initiatives and to formulate an internationally recognised standard, providing guidance to companies on social responsibility. Currently the SA8000 international standard is the most often used tool-based on Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) philosophy - which guarantees the respect of fundamental workers' rights. Since 2003, Italy holds the world record for its number of SA8000 certified companies. This paper discusses the findings of a two-stage survey of the Italian SA8000 certified companies carried out over the last two years. The focus of the survey is on both reasons and effects of the implementation of SA8000 standard. In the first stage the rate of response was very high while in the second stage it was satisfactory. The results provide a clear picture of the companies and their degree of achievement and awareness of the fundamental principles of human resource management. A section of the survey deals with some issues related to the Public Sector.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.56-62
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• 2013

A technique is presented that uses a circular waveguide for the measurement of the bulk shear (S-wave) velocities of unconsolidated, saturated media, with particular application to near surface soils. The technique requires the measurement of the attenuation characteristics of the fundamental torsional mode that propagate along an embedded pipe, from which the acoustic properties of the surrounding medium are inferred. From the dispersion curve analysis, the feasibility of using fundamental torsional mode which is non-dispersive and have constant attenuation over all frequency range is discussed. The principles behind the technique are discussed and the results of an experimental laboratory validation are presented. The experimental data are best fitted for the different depths of wetted sand and the shear velocities are evaluated as a function of depths. Also the characteristics of the reflected signal from the defects are examined and the reflection coefficients are calculated for identifying the relation between defect sizes and the magnitude of the reflected signal.

• The Journal of Korean Medical History
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.97-106
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• 2013

What is the fundamental cause of the broader gap between East and West medicine? This is a very long story that began in the late Renaissance and still continues today. Why it took so long time from the end of the XIIth century when acupuncture was firt imported to Europe to XX century when it was finally settled in France? We present three cases which caused the delayed establishment : A "blisters" article from Diderot and D'Alembert in the eighteenth century, the practice of acupuncture by Dr. Berlioz in Paris in early 19th century, and the reception of the works of Georges Soulie de Morant in France in the 1930's. We attempt to show the misunderstanding that has always prevailed between the East and West medicines because of different viewpoint : the West has not understood the richness and subtlety of the approach of East asian thought and wanted to "align" the Asian medical modality to west medicine with inappropriate and insufficient "experiments" without enough explanation of the principles and philosophical backgrounds. It was not the matter of technology but the mutual incomprehension of history and culture.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.9
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• pp.115-121
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• 2023

Purpose: This study aimed to deal with disputes between the seller and the buyer in connection with the Letter of Credit (LC) in a sales contract. The Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG) provides the rules on the fundamental breaches which can lead to termination of the sales contract but the CISG is not enough to govern issues arising from the LC disputes when the sales contract is not clear about the payment terms. This paper tried to find some solutions to the disputes by considering international rules, such as the Principles of European Contract Law (PECL). Research design, data and methodology: The methodology applied in this study was an analysis of some court decisions and extended literature review. Results: The study revealed that in contracts for the sale of international goods, the buyer was obliged to open an LC as manner of payment. If the buyer failed to open an LC or amend the terms of the LC, the seller could avoid the contract because this could deprive the seller's expected interest. Conclusions: Few studies in Korea have been comprehensively analyzed in terms of the obligations of regarding the LC with respect to the CISG in court cases. This study suggests safeguarding the buyer and seller when the LC is considered absolute or conditional.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.211-218
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• 2021

In order to increase the clinical value of an identification of patterns according to the eight principles (IPEP) in Korean medicine practice, The research on the Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) of IPEP should comprehend the situation of clinical usage of IPEP practiced by Korean medicine doctors at first. Google survey form were emailed to Korean Medicine doctors registered in the Association of Korean Medicine on 04/15/2021 and the survey was closed at 04/22/2021. Data of 505 answered cases were analyzed by Frequency analysis, Chi-Square analysis, correlation analysis for understanding differences by groups. Out of 505 respondents, 57.6% have answered that they are using IPEP. It means that 42.4% of KM doctors don't use in the medical practice reversely in spite of fundamental diagnostic theory. The 64.7% respondents of no using IPEP presented their opinion about the theoretical problem that it is difficult to use because the concept of IPEP is ambiguous. And next, the 52.1% of the respondents expressed that there is no objective tools to measure and record the IPEP evidences in actual implementation. And 49.6% of the respondents also suggested that it is hard to trust and use IPEP similar to the previous comment. Even about 50% of the respondents are carrying out diagnosis and treatment using IPEP, it showed that there were several unsolved problems such as lack of understanding and practical tools or objective indicators for diagnosis of IPEP. Through the above results, the concept, usage, measurement requirements with indices and discriminant logic of IPEP were manifested as the main hopes of attending members of Korean medicine in the survey, so the IPEP CPG should make clear about these difficult but necessary assignment in the near future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.430-443
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• 2016

This paper involves the constitutionality of the restrictive by-laws established by the 'College of Maritime Science' at the 'Korea Maritime and Ocean University' when they affect the cadet's fundamental rights, particularly, in connection with the training system of the 'Merchant Cadet Dormitory.' The issue in question is whether the school regulations may fall within a judicially permissible boundary in light of the general principles of constitutional rights in that the rules are enacted by the school itself in accordance with the Article 31, Section 4 of the Constitution and largely regulate the cadets' living conditions on a campus. However, the general scrutiny standard the courts apply requires the school enactments to pass three tests to be justified: (1) legislative authorization, (2) proportionality and (3) non-infringement on the essential elements of the fundamental rights as articulated under Article 37, Section 2 of the Constitution. The review in this paper shows that, first, the by-laws at issue find themselves statutorily authorized by the 'Higher Education Act' and the 'Decree of the Establishment of National Schools', with the proportionality as a second part observed within a justifiable scope and the essential elements of the fundamental rights as the third point not being marred. In conclusion, the school's dormitory training system is not found to cross the line and, however, the school authorities still need to keep overseeing the overall training course to secure the constitutional proportionality.