• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제26권5호
• /
• pp.474-480
• /
• 2008

OsMADS1 is a rice MADS box gene necessary for floral development. To identify the key cis-regulatory regions for its expression, we utilized transgenic rice plants expressing GUS fusion constructs. Histochemical analysis revealed that the 5.7-kb OsMADS1 intragenic sequences, encompassing exon 1, intron 1, and a part of exon 2, together with the 1.9-kb 5' upstream promoter region, are required for the GUS expression pattern that coincides with flower-preferential expression of OsMADS1. In contrast, the 5' upstream promoter sequence lacking this intragenic region caused ectopic expression of the reporter gene in both vegetative and reproductive tissues. Notably, incorporation of the intragenic region into the CaMV35S promoter directed the GUS expression pattern similar to that of the endogenous spatial expression of OsMADS1 in flowers. In addition, our transient gene expression assay revealed that the large first intron following the CaMV35S minimal promoter enhances flower-preferential expression of GUS. These results suggest that the OsMADS1 intragenic sequence, largely intron 1, contains a key regulatory region(s) essential for expression.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국작물학회 2002년도 춘계 학술대회지
• /
• pp.48-50
• /
• 2002

A strategy for development of a functional rice in proved with human lactoferrin and enhancement of nutrient compounds was planned. For the purposes we have cloned and characterized a human lactoferrin cDNA from human mammary gland cDNA library A endosperm storage vacuole targeting sequence and the cDNA fragment was linked to endosperm specific glutelin promoter. The fusion gene fragment was inserted into a binary vector containing MAR gene. In addition a new ${\beta}$-galactosidase gene from Bifidobacterium of human was used as a reporter gene in the vector system, Rice plants showing a high concentration of amino acids in the endosperm cells were developed by using a biochemical mutation and bred for the transformation with the binary vector system Finally we have established a transformation method for the rice endosperm cells.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.34-42
• /
• 2003

The ascomycete Magnaporthe grisea is a pathogen of rice blast and is known to form specialized infection structures called appressoria for successful infection into host cells. To understand the molecular mechanism underlying infection process, appressorium-related genes were identified through global approaches including EST sequencing, differential hybridization, and sup-pression subtractive hybridization. EST database was generated on >2,000 cDNA clones randomly selected from appressorium stage cDNA library. Large number of ESTs showed homology to known proteins possibly involved in infection-related cellular development (attachment, germination, appressorium formation, and colonization) of rice blast fungus. The 1051 ESTs showing significant homology to known genes were assigned to 11 functional categories. Differential hybridization and suppression subtractive hybridization were applied to identify genes showing an appressorium stage specific expression pattern. A number of genes were selected as up-regulated during appressorium formation compared with the vegetative growing stage. Clones from various cDNA libraries constructed in different developmental stages were arrayed on slide glass for further expression profiling study. functional characterization of genes identified from these global approaches may lead to a better understand-ing of the infection process of this devastating plant disease, and the development of novel ways to protect host plant.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국균학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
• /
• pp.43-43
• /
• 2014

The rice blast disease caused by of Magnaporthe oryzae is one of the most destructive diseases of rice. By the microarray analysis, we profiled expression changes of genes during conidiation and found out many putative genes that are up-regulated. Among those, we first selected MGG_06399 encoding a dual-specificity tyrosine-regulated protein kinase (DYRK), homologous to YAK1 in yeast. To investigate functional roles of MoYAK1, We made ${\Delta}Moyak1$ mutants by homology dependent gene replacement. The deletion mutant showed a remarkable reduction in conidiation and produced abnormally shaped conidia smaller than those of wild type. The conidia form ${\Delta}Moyak1$ were able to develop a germ tube, but failed to form apppressoria on a hydrophobic coverslip. The ${\Delta}Moyak1$ formed appressria on a hydrophobic cover slip when exogenous cAMP was induced, but the appressoria shape was abnormal. The ${\Delta}Moyak1$ also formed appressoria abberent in shape on onion epidermis and rice sheaths and failed to penetrate the surface of the plants. These data indicate that MoYAK1 is associated with cAMP/PKA pathway and important for conidiation, appressorial formation and pathogenic development in Magnaporthe oryzae. Detailed characterization of MoYAK1 will be presented.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제46권3호
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 2013

Sustainability index was calculated to determine the best management for rice productivity under long-term inorganic fertilizer management's practices. It is based on nutrient index, microbiological index and crop index related to sustainability as soil function. Indicators for calculating sustainability index were selected by the comparison of soil properties and rice response in paddy soil with fertilization. Total twenty two indicators were determined to assess nutrient index, microbiological index and crop index in order to compare the effect of different fertilization. The indices were applied to assess the sustainability with different inorganic fertilizer treatments such as control, N, NK, NP, NPK, NPK+Si, and NPK+Compost. The long-term application of compost with NPK was the highest sustainability index value because it increased nutrient index, microbial index and crop index. The use of chemical fertilizers resulted in poor soil microbial index and crop index, but the treatments like NP, NPK, and NPK+Si were maintained sustainability in paddy soil. These results indicate that application of organic and chemical fertilizer could be a good management to improve rice sustainability in paddy soil.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제59권3호
• /
• pp.223-229
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 국내에서 육성되어 발아현미용으로 농가에 보급되고 있는 큰눈벼와 삼광벼의 발아현미 제품에 대하여 1~5 mm로 구분하여 발아싹을 틔운 다음 발아전의 일반현미와 싹길이에 따른 품질변화 양상을 구명할 목적으로 수행하였다. 일반성분인 단백질함량의 경우는 발아전 현미에 비하여 발아후의 싹길이에 따라서 약간 증가추세를 보였으나, 통계적 유의성은 인정되지 않았으며, 아밀로스의 경우 큰눈벼는 15~16%, 삼광벼는 17~18% 범위에서 유의적인 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 아울러 큰눈벼와 삼광벼 모두 발아과정에서 물리화학적 반응이 나타나 조직이 물러지고 호화가 진전되어 RVA로 측정한 결과, 호화점도 급격하게 낮아져 발아현미의 물성이 개선되어 밥맛을 향상되는 결과를 확인 할 수 있었다. 특히 밥맛과 관련이 깊은 치반점도(Setback)가 더욱 낮아지는 현상이 나타나 발아현미를 가공하게 되면 안정적으로 식감(밥맛)이 좋아지고 밥의 노화가 지연되어 밥맛이 오래 유지되는 결과를 얻을 수 있었다. 그러나 싹길이가 1 mm정도 신장된 발아현미의 호화점도 변화양상과 싹이 2~5 mm 이상 신장된 발아현미와의 호화점도 변화양상 차이가 없었다. GABA함량도 큰눈벼는 발아과정에서 3배 이상 증가되는 결과를 얻었으며, 삼광벼의 경우는 발아전 일반현미에서는 GABA함량의 활성이 나타나지 않아 $0.005{\mu}g/g$ 이었는데 발아현미에서는 $0.2428~0.2475{\mu}g/g$로 약 50배정도 명료하게 증가되었다. 발아현미의 경도는 발아전의 일반현미에 비하여 발아현미는 유의적으로 낮아졌으나, 싹길이가 2 mm 이상에서는 낮아지는 경향이 두드러지지 않았다. 결론적으로 발아현미를 가공할 때 싹길이는 2 mm 이하로 최대한 억제하면서 내부성분을 최대한 증가시키는 가공방법을 채택하는 것이 바람직할 것으로 사료되었다.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
• /
• 제16권5호
• /
• pp.765-770
• /
• 2007

To examine the possibility of using rough rice as a health-functional food, we investigated its changes in biological activity with germination. Antioxidant activities of the 70% ethanolic extracts of 'Goami2', 'Keunnunbeyo', and 'Heugkwangbeyo' were studied in comparison with those of ungerminated rough rice. The phytic acid level in rough rice decreased on germination, while the level of phenolic compounds increased. Reducing power increased in a dose-dependent manner and the germinated rough rice tended to have enhanced reducing power. Among the rough rice cultivars, the germinated 'Heugkwang' rough rice tended to be the most effective, with scavenging activities for the DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals that were 1.6-, 1.3-, and 1.6-fold greater than those of the ungerminated 'Heugkwang' rough rice, respectively. We also found that the germination process increased antioxidant activity in all the rough rice cultivars, where activity was greatest for the 'Heugkwang' rough rice cultivar.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.191-206
• /
• 2022

Rice has prevailed as a staple food in South Korea. Rice consumption has sharply shrunk nowadays. In the wake of COVID-19 Shock and the "untact" era, the instant rice market has significantly grown, and there is a possibility of solving the shrinking consumption of domestic rice. This study contributes to the development of rice consumption promotion strategies by examining the factors of purchasing instant rice based on the Hedonic Price Methodology. In particular, given the increase in online market, this study compares attribute values of product characteristics between online and offline markets. The empirical results show that calorie, brand, organic and functional products have positive effects on instant rice prices. The rate of carbohydrate, the PB and bundle attributes have negative effects on instant rice prices. The results also show that the magnitude of brand, bundle and PB attribute values are bigger in offline market while that of the number of multigrain attribute value is relatively bigger in online market. The organic attribute value is important regardless of marketing channels.

• 한국식물생명공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국식물생명공학회 2005년도 추계학술대회 및 한일 식물생명공학 심포지엄
• /
• pp.95-105
• /
• 2005

Transposon-mediated insertional mutagenesis provides one of the most powerful tools for functional studies of genes in higher plants. This project has been performed to develop a large population of insertional mutations, and to construct databases of molecular information on Ds insertion sites in rice. Ultimate goals are to supply genetic materials and information to analyze gene function and to identify and utilize agronomically important genes for breeding purpose. Two strategies have been employed to generate the large scale of transposon population in a Japonica type rice, Dongjin Byeo; 1) genetic crosses between Ac and Ds lines and 2) plant regeneration from seeds carrying Ac and Ds. Our study showed that over 70% of regenerated plants generally carried independent Ds elements and high activity of transposition was detected only during regeneration period. Ds-flanking DNA amplified from leaf tissues of F2 and T1 (or T2) plants have been amplified via TAIL-PCR and directly sequenced. So far, over 65,000 Ds lines have been generated and over 9,500 Ds loci have been mapped on chromosomes by sequence analysis. Database of molecular information on Ds insertion sites has been constructed, and has been opened to the public and will be updated soon at http://www.niab.go.kr. Detailed functional analysis of more than 30 rice mutants has been performed. Several Ds-tagged rice genes that have been selected for functional analysis will be briefly introduced. We expect that a great deal of information and genetic resources of Ds lines would be obtained during the course of this project, which will be shared with domestic and international rice researchers. In addition to the Japonica rice, we have established the tagging system in an rice line of indica genetic background, MGRI079. MGRI079 (Indica/Japonica) was transformed with Agrobacteria carrying Ac and Ds T-DNA vectors. Among transgenic lines, we successfully identified single-copy Ds and Ac lines in MGR1079. These lines were served as ‘starter lines’ to mutagenize Indica genetic background. To achieve rapid, large scale generation of Ds transposant lines, MGR1079 transformants carrying homozygous Ac were crossed with ones with homozygous Ds, and $F_2$seeds were used for plant regeneration. In this year, over 2,000 regeneration plants were grown in the field. We are able to evaluate the tagging efficiency in the Indica genetic background in the fall.

• 한국작물학회지
• /
• 제53권2호
• /
• pp.131-136
• /
• 2008

With the development of diverse agricultures worldwide, biofortified rice noted for its preferable marketability and palatability plays an important role in the world's agricultural economics and rice breeding programs. In this report, several $M_5$ of T-DNA inserted lines derived from the donor cultivars, 'Hwayong' and 'Dongjin', were selected for high or low protein, high lipid and low amylose content, respectively. The coefficients and ranges of variation for the chemical constituents between $M_4$ and $M_5$ T-DNA inserted lines were evaluated in comparison with those of the donor varieties. Results indicated that T-DNA insertion might be an effective way to generate useful variations for chemical composition of rice grains which could be used for the development of biofortified rice cultivars.