• Title/Summary/Keyword: functional meats

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Application of Microbial Transglutaminase and Functional Ingredients for the Healthier Low-Fat/Salt Meat Products: A Review (건강지향의 저지방/저염 식육가공품을 위한 Microbial Transglutaminase와 기능성 소재 이용 기술)

  • Lee, Hong-Chul;Chin, Koo-Bok
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.30 no.6
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    • pp.886-895
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    • 2010
  • The level of fat and salt can affect the product quality and storage stability of processed meats. Additionally, consumers' demands require dietary guidelines for developing low-fat/salt functional foods. Microbial transglutaminase (MTGase), which enhances textural properties by catalyzing protein-protein cross-linkages, was introduced to develop healthier lowfat/salt meat products. The potential possibilities of low-fat/salt processed meats were reviewed under optimal conditions for functional ingredients from several previous studies. The addition of non-meat protein (e.g. sodium caseinate and soy protein isolates), hydrocolloids (e. g. konjac flour, carrageenan, and alginates), and MTGase alone or in combination with other functional ingredients improved textural and sensory properties similar to those of regularly processed meats. When MTGase was combined with hydrocolloids (konjac flour or sodium alginate) or other functional ingredients, gelling properties of meat protein were improved even at a low salt level. Based on these reviews, functional ingredients combined with new processing technologies could be incorporated into processed meats to improve the functionality of various low-fat/salt meat products.

Molecular biologic demonstration on the green tea grouts-feed pork meats and duck meats (녹차부산물을 이용한 기능성 축산물 증명에 대한 분자생물학적 접근)

  • Kang Shin-Seok;Hyun Gong-Yul;Choi Hae-Yeun;Cho Woo-Young;Kim Tae-Yung;Kang Shin-Kwon;Kang Chung-Boo
    • Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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    • v.28 no.2
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    • pp.91-98
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    • 2005
  • Green tea was known which regulated adipocyte differentiation metabolism. The mechanism on the lipid decreased contents of TAG in the plasma. In addition, green tea increased the expression leptin mRNA, PPAR $\delta$ mRNA and TGF $\beta$. The tea tested was korean powdered green tea. In this experiment, Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were fed $3\%$ green tea(powdered) for 3 weeks on the basal diet and obese diet and green tea grouts-fed pork meats. duck meats. The expression of leptin mRNA and PPAR $\delta$ mRNA were up-regulated in the green tea-fed groups compared with those of the not green tea-fed groups. There were no significantly difference on the expression of leptin mRNA and PPAR $\delta$ mRNA in green tea grouts-fed pork meats, duck meats as compared with the not fed green tea grouts meats. TGF $\beta$ mRNA. TNF $\alpha$ mRNA and adipsin mRNA were not expressed in the pork meats, duck meats. The expression of TGF $\beta$ mRNA, TNF $\alpha$ mRNA and adipsin mRNA were observed in the experimental rats but no significantly difference on the contents. Physiologic regulated genes were not expressed In the green tea grout-fed pork meats and duck meats.

Functional Properties of Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat from Various Chicken Parts (부위별로 제조된 기계발골 계육의 가공적성에 관한 연구)

  • 이성기;김희주;김용재;조규석;김종원
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.21 no.4
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    • pp.277-284
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    • 1994
  • The functional properties of mechanically deboned chicken meat(MDCM) from whole carcass, whole carcass without exsanguination, neck without skin, leg hone, and upper back and rib were studied. Also, the effects of adding different levels of gelatin and MDCM to the comminuted meats were investigated. Proximate composition values of MDCM ranged from 54.2 to 68.6% moisture, 14.5 to 19.7% protein, 12.3 to 30.1% fat, and 1.1 to 1.3% ash. The MDCM from leg hone had a higher content of fat, and a lower contents of moisture and protein. The MDCM from neck without skin tended to be opposite to the MDCM from leg hone. The total pigment and myoglobin levels were highest in MDCM from whole carcass without exsanguination such as 3.83 and 0.29 rng /g, and those from the other parts were 1.58~2.93 mg /g and 0. 17~0.31 mg /g, respectively. The emulsifying capacity and water holding capacity were highest in MDCM from neck without skin which contained lower levels of fat, collagen and hydroxyproline, but a higher level of salt soluble protein. The emulsifying capacity of comminuted meat decreased as gelatin content increased. The extractability of hydroxyproline from gelatin showed a higher solubility in acidic solution. The MDCM could he added up to 20% level without detrimentally affecting functional properties of comminuted meats although they had less water holding capacity and cooking loss as the proportion of MDCM increased.

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High Temperature-Cooking Effects on Protein Quality of Fish Extracts

  • Ryu, Hong-Soo;Moon, Jeong-Hae;Hwang, Eun-Young;Yoon, Ho-Dong
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.241-247
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    • 1998
  • Fish extracts were processed at high temperature (136.7 ~14$0^{\circ}C$) for possible use as functional food ingredients. Raw fish meats and those hydrothermal extracts were compared with respect to in vitro and in vivo protein qualities. 95% of fat inraw meats was reduced in extracts but there were not remarkable changes in other macronutrients in freeze-dried extracts. Most of essential amino acids were decreased significantly but two times more proline and glycine were detected in extracts. High temperature cooking resulted 2.1 ~3.7 times of higher total free amino acid content infish extracts compared iwth raw meat, and taurine and glutamic acid were increased especially. Severe protein damages were occurred when invitro protein quality indices such as availblae lysine, hydrophilic browing, trypsin inhibitor formation and in vitro protein digestibility were measured on fish extracts. In vivo protein qualities were also strongly influenced by high temperature ; however rat-body-weight gain was nearly zero during PER assay, and rat PER or NPR of fish extracts were significantly lower (p<0.001) than those of cotnrol (ANRC casein) and original raw fish meats.

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Utilization of Transglutaminase for the Development of Low-fat, Low-salt Sausages and Restructured Meat Products Manufactured with Pork Hams and Loins

  • Chin, K.B.;Chung, B.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.261-265
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    • 2003
  • This study was performed to determine whether transglutaminase (Aciva-TG, TGase) can be used to reduce the salt level in low-fat sausages and to replace emulsified meats (10%) for the manufacture of restructured meat products (RMP). Pork hams and loins were collected from a local retail market in Gwangju, Korea and used for the manufacture of sausages and RMPs, respectively. TGase at the level of 0.1% can permit the reduction of the salt level from 1.5% to 1.0% in low-fat comminuted sausages without any quality defects, however a crumbly texture was found if the salt level was reduced below 1.0% even though it combined with certain amounts of TGase. No differences in chemical composition and physical properties were observed (p>0.05) among treatments. Approximately 0.3% of TGase can replace 10% emulsified meats, which are normally used for improvement of binding capacity to manufacture RMPs, without quality defects. This study suggests that TGase could be used for the manufacture of low-fat, low-salt functional meat products for the improvement of textural characteristics and binding capacity without adverse effects.

Management Practices on Functional Meats and Meat Products in European Countries and the Oceania Area (유럽 및 오세아니아의 기능성 축산물과 식육제품에 대한 운영현황 및 관리방안)

  • Choi, Ji-Hun;Choi, Yun-Sang;Kim, Hack-Youn;Kim, Hyun-Wook;Kim, Jin-Man;Kim, Cheon-Jei
    • Food Science of Animal Resources
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    • v.30 no.5
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    • pp.703-716
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    • 2010
  • It has recently been considered urgent to establish an accurate definition and scope of functional foods in the livestock industry in Korea. The tertiary function of food is gradually emphasized with various changes in conditions such as international competitive power enhancement of the whole world, including Korea. Therefore, the purpose of this study was carried out to gather basic information toward the establishment of standardization, management plans, and a system adapted to the Korean state through researching management systems of functional meat and meat products in the European Union (EU) and the Oceania Area (OA). A brief summary of this study is as follows. In the EU and OA, special management systems and laws about functional livestock and products were once nonexistent; only 'nutrition claims' and 'health claims' operated in the nutritional consolidation side of foods. Also, it was once thought that functional index materials and permissions established in the application of functional products sufficed, because management standards for enriched food were not established. Therefore, standardization of functional live stock products needs to be considered based on the case of developed countries in the EU and OA. It also seems that the above functional indicative substances can be applied, based on normal standards of indicative substances of functional products and the normal standards of indicators of functional substances added to livestock products presented in this study.

Physicochemical Comparison of Two Different Shark Meats Used for Preparation of Dombaeki (돔배기용 상어육의 이화학적 성분 비교)

  • Kim, Eun-Ok;Yu, Myeong-Hwa;Lee, Ki-Teak;Kim, Seon-Bong;Choi, Sang-Won
    • Food Science and Preservation
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    • v.15 no.5
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    • pp.711-718
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    • 2008
  • Dombaeki, a traditional salted shark meat, has been widely used as a customary religious food in the Daegu-Gyeongbuk area of Korea. Two different sharks, Sphyrna zygaena (SZ) and Isurus oxyrinchus (IO) are traditionally used to prepare Dombaeki. Chemical components, lipid classes, fatty acid levels, and sterol compositions of meats prepared from the two sharks were investigated. There were no significant differences in chemical composition between the two dried shark meats. Major amino acids in shark meat were leucine, lysine, arginine, proline, isoleucine, valine, phenylalanine, glutamic acid, and asparagine, which together accounted for about 40% of total amino acids. Levels of amino acids in IO meat were higher than in SZ meat. Major fatty acids in the two shark meats were palmitic ($C_{16:0}$), stearic ($C_{18:0}$), oleic ($C_{18:1}$), arachidonic ($C_{20:4}$), and docosahexanoic (DHA, $C_{22:6}$) acids, which accounted for about 80% of total fatty acids. Notably, IO meat showed higher amounts of DHA (31.8%) and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA, 1.8%) than did SZ meat. The two shark meats showed similar dry weight levels of total lipids, with triacylglycerols, free fatty acids, sterols, and phospholipidscomprising on average 5.0, 2.0, 13.0 and 63.0% of total lipids, respectively. The dominant classes of phospholipids were mainly phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). PC content in the two shark meats was higher than that of PE, although the differencewas not great. The major fatty acids in phospholipids were myristic, palmitoleic, stearic, and docosanoic acids. Total volatile basic nitrogen content and the pH of SZ meat were lower than those of IO meat, whereas the Hunter's 'a' and 'b' values of SZ meat were higher than those of IO meat. These results suggest that shark meat may be useful as a functional food to prevent several degenerative diseases.

Nutritional Status and Cognitive Status of the Elderly Using Public Health Center in Ulsan (울산지역 보건소 이용 노인들의 영양상태와 인지상태)

  • 이영수;김혜경
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.35 no.10
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    • pp.1070-1080
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    • 2002
  • This study was designed to obtain the information concerning food intake, dietary habits, functional status, health condition and cognitive status of the elderly using public health center in Ulsan area. The subjects of this study consisted 154 elderly persons aged 60~82 years. Interviews were conducted using the health habits and food frequency questionnaires to provide basic information for nutrition education program. We evaluated the current food intake, dietary cholesterol intake (cholesterol index), functional status, cognitive function and blood analysis of the subjects. The results of this study were as follows : Mean age of the subjects was 68.7 $\pm$ 6.7years. The average cognitive status score of the subjects was 7.9 $\pm$ 2.0 (full score was 10.0). Male had a higher cognitive status score than female. There was significant difference between cognitive status score and age, education level, pocket money, physical activity and living condition. The subjects who had a higher cognitive status score ate more fish and meats group and milk and milk products than the subjects had a lower cognitive status score. And hemoglobin level, serum triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol and atherogenic index affected to cognitive status while fasting blood glucose and LDL-cholesterol did not any effect on cognitive status. These results have demonstrated that various socioeconomic variables and food intake pattern and nutritional status affect on cognitive status with aging and suggest that proper nutrition education and adequate nutrient intake in quality and quantity are essential in maintaining cognitive status in later life.

Analysis of Vitamin $B_{12}$ in the Korean Representative Foods and Dietary Intake Assessment for Koreans

  • Choi, Youn-Ju;Kim, Ji-Yung;Lee, Haeng-Shin;Kim, Cho-Il;Hwang, In-Kyeong;Park, Hye-Kyung;Kim, Tae-Hwa;Oh, Chang-Hwan
    • Food Science and Biotechnology
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.262-266
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    • 2008
  • This study was conducted to provide a vitamin $B_{12}$ database for the representative Korean food items and to assess the dietary intake assessment of vitamin $B_{12}$ for Koreans. The vitamin $B_{12}$ content of 106 foods had been determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using column switching method. Rich sources of vitamin $B_{12}$ were meats, milk, and egg ($0.3-3.4\;{\mu}g/100g$). Vegetables and fruits contained vitamin $B_{12}$ below limit of detection (LOD). The major food sources for vitamin $B_{12}$ intake were milk (72.0%), meats (22.3%), egg (3.6%), and fishes & shellfishes (2.1%). Mean vitamin $B_{12}$ intake of Koreans was $3.16\;{\mu}g$/person/day. The proportion of population with intake below estimate average requirement (EAR) and above recommended intake (RI) of vitamin $B_{12}$ was 60.7 and 36.5%, respectively. The vitamin $B_{12}$ intake level of young children with 1-2 years which was 834.6% of RI while the intake level of the older adults 50 years and older was only 70.0% of RI. Also, there were regional differences between urban and rural area. The population with intake below RI was larger than that with intake above RI in Korea.

Meat Qualities and Functional Properties of Broiler and Spent Layers Slaughtered at Different Ages (브로일러와 주령이 다른 산란 성계육의 육질 및 가공적성)

  • Baek, Ki Ho;Lee, Seung Gyu;Utama, Dicky Tri;An, Byoung Ki;Lee, Sung Ki
    • Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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    • v.44 no.1
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    • pp.41-49
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to identify the quality and functional properties of meat and meat batter among commercial broilers and two different ages of spent layers. Breast and whole leg meat samples were prepared from the broilers and spent layers to compare meat quality traits: Commercial broiler (Arbor Acre; 6-week-old) and two different ages of spent layers (Hy-Line; 70 and 95-week-old). Three types of meat batters containing breast meat as 50% of total ingredients were also prepared to analyze processing qualities. The broiler showed the highest water holding capacity (p<0.05) and the lowest cooking loss value (p<0.05) in both meat and meat batter samples. The breast and leg meat of the 95-week-old layers showed the highest shear force value (p<0.05), and also showed the highest shear force and hardness values in the meat batter. Although the oldest layer meat showed tougher textural traits than the 70-week-old layers, no significant differences were found for cooking loss and water loss values in both the meat and meat batter samples. Besides, panelists gave equivalent scores within different ages and parts of the cooked layer meats in the sensory evaluation. Similar ratios of polyunsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids, and omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids were obtained from both the 70-week-old layer and 95-week-old layer meats. In conclusion, the 95-week-old spent layers, especially for breast meat, had equivalent potential as raw materials for processed meat products compared to the 70-week-old layers.