• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.21 no.2
• /
• pp.153-164
• /
• 2010

To determine the clinical target volumes considering vascularity and cellularity of tumors, the software was developed for mapping of the analyzed biological clinical target volumes on anatomical images using regional cerebral blood volume (rCBV) maps and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps. The program provides the functions for integrated registrations using mutual information, affine transform and non-rigid registration. The registration accuracy is evaluated by the calculation of the overlapped ratio of segmented bone regions and average distance difference of contours between reference and registered images. The performance of the developed software was tested using multimodal images of a patient who has the residual tumor of high grade gliomas. Registration accuracy of about 74% and average 2.3 mm distance difference were calculated by the evaluation method of bone segmentation and contour extraction. The registration accuracy can be improved as higher as 4% by the manual adjustment functions. Advanced MR images are analyzed using color maps for rCBV maps and quantitative calculation based on region of interest (ROI) for ADC maps. Then, multi-parameters on the same voxels are plotted on plane and constitute the multi-functional parametric maps of which x and y axis representing rCBV and ADC values. According to the distributions of functional parameters, tumor regions showing the higher vascularity and cellularity are categorized according to the criteria corresponding malignant gliomas. Determined volumes reflecting pathological and physiological characteristics of tumors are marked on anatomical images. By applying the multi-functional images, errors arising from using one type of image would be reduced and local regions representing higher probability as tumor cells would be determined for radiation treatment plan. Biological tumor characteristics can be expressed using image registration and multi-functional parametric maps in the developed software. The software can be considered to delineate clinical target volumes using advanced MR images with anatomical images.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
• /
• v.26 no.9
• /
• pp.1437-1439
• /
• 2005

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.62 no.4
• /
• pp.476-486
• /
• 2019

Objective : The functional information of $^{11}C$-methionine positron emission tomography (MET-PET) images can be applied for Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKR) and its image quality may affect defining the tumor. This study conducted the phantom-based evaluation for geometric accuracy and functional characteristic of diagnostic MET-PET image co-registered with stereotactic image in Leksell $GammaPlan^{(R)}$ (LGP) and also investigated clinical application of these images in metastatic brain tumors. Methods : Two types of cylindrical acrylic phantoms fabricated in-house were used for this study : the phantom with an array-shaped axial rod insert and the phantom with different sized tube indicators. The phantoms were mounted on the stereotactic frame and scanned using computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and PET system. Three-dimensional coordinate values on co-registered MET-PET images were compared with those on stereotactic CT image in LGP. MET uptake values of different sized indicators inside phantom were evaluated. We also evaluated the CT and MRI co-registered stereotactic MET-PET images with MR-enhancing volume and PET-metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in 14 metastatic brain tumors. Results : Imaging distortion of MET-PET was maintained stable at less than approximately 3% on mean value. There was no statistical difference in the geometric accuracy according to co-registered reference stereotactic images. In functional characteristic study for MET-PET image, the indicator on the lateral side of the phantom exhibited higher uptake than that on the medial side. This effect decreased as the size of the object increased. In 14 metastatic tumors, the median matching percentage between MR-enhancing volume and PET-MTV was 36.8% on PET/MR fusion images and 39.9% on PET/CT fusion images. Conclusion : The geometric accuracy of the diagnostic MET-PET co-registered with stereotactic MR in LGP is acceptable on phantom-based study. However, the MET-PET images could the limitations in providing exact stereotactic information in clinical study.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
• /
• v.17 no.4
• /
• pp.1-5
• /
• 2018

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) simulation for Si (001) surface defects was conducted by using density functional theory (DFT). Three major defects on the Si (001) surface are difficult to analyze due to external noises that are always present in the images obtained by AFM. Noise-free surface defects obtained by simulation can help identify the real surface defects on AFM images. The surface defects were first optimized by using a DFT code. The AFM tip was designed by using five carbon atoms and positioned on the surface to calculate the system's energy. Forces between tip and surface were calculated from the energy data and converted into an AFM image. The simulated AFM images are noise-free and, therefore, can help evaluate the real surface defects present on the measured AFM images.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.448-471
• /
• 2021

Compared to consumers' focus, in the past, on the functional aspect of fashion products, consumers recently tend to place more importance on their impressive and memorable experiences in purchasing process. As consumer's interest changes from functional aspects to individual experience in purchasing process, fashion brands try to convey the identity of the brand through creating favourable consumers' experiences. Therefore, this study explores the effect of individuals' aesthetic experiences with fashion brands' SNS accounts on their attitudes. More specifically, the study evaluates whether consumers enjoy the flow of fashion brands' SNS accounts and form purchase intentions through their aesthetic experiences and product placement. Through a survey, empirical testing was done to investigate the effect of the aesthetic experience on of flow and purchase intentions. The current study tests the interaction effect among perceived aesthetic experience, narrative images, and product placement employing 2×2×2 MANOVA. The findings herein reveal that the aesthetic experience affects flow and purchase intention, and that there is a statistically significant interaction effect between aesthetic experience, narrative images, and product placement.

• Proceedings of the Optical Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 2006.02a
• /
• pp.359-360
• /
• 2006

Functional photoacoustic tomography is a new non-invasive imaging modality, and it is emerging as a very practical method for imaging biological tissue structures by means of laser-induced ultrasound. Structures with high optical absorption, such as blood vessels, can be imaged with the spatial resolution of ultrasound, which is not limited by the strong light scattering in biological tissues. By varying wavelengths of the laser light and acquiring photoacoustic images, optical absorption spectrum of each image pixel is found. Since the biochemical constituents of tissues determine the spectrum, useful functional information like oxygen saturation ($SO_2$) and total haemoglobin concentration (HbT) can be extracted. In this study, as a proof-of-principle experiment, hypoxic brain tumor vasculature and traumatic brain injury (TBI) of small animal brain are imaged with functional photoacoustic tomography. High resolution brain vasculature images of oxygen saturation and total hemoglobin concentration are provided to visualize hypoxic tumor vasculature, and hemorrhage on the cortex surface by the TBI.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
• /
• v.13 no.3
• /
• pp.225-236
• /
• 2009

Image inpainting is the process of reconstructing lost or deteriorated parts of images using information from surrounding areas. We propose a computationally efficient and fast phase-field method which uses automatic switching parameter, adaptive time step, and automatic stopping of calculation. The algorithm is based on an energy functional. We demonstrate the performance of our new method and compare it with a previous method.

• Progress in Medical Physics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 1998

Nuclear Medicine Images have comparatively poor spatial resolution, making it difficult to relate the functional information which they contain to precise anatomical structures. Anatomical structures useful in the interpretation of SPECT /PET Images were radiolabelled. PET/SPECT Images Provide functional information, whereas MRI mainly demonstrate morphology and anatomical. Fusion or Image Registration improves the information obtained by correlating images from various modalities. Brain Scan were studied on one or more occations using MRI and SPECT. The data were aligned using a point pair methods and surface matching. SPECT and MR Images was tested using a three dimensional water fillable Hoffman Brain Phantom with small marker and PET and MR Image was tested using a patient data. Registration of SPECT and MR Images is feasible and allows more accurate anatomic assessment of sites of abnormal uptake in radiolabeled studies. Point based registration was accurate and easily implemented three dimensional registration of multimodality data set for fusion of clinical anatomic and functional imaging modalities. Accuracy of a surface matching algorithm and homologous feature pair matching for three dimensional image registration of Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT), Positron Emission Tomography (PET) and Magnetic Resonance Images(MRD was tested using a three dimensional water fill able brain phantom and Patients data. Transformation parameter for translation and scaling were determined by homologous feature point pair to match each SPECT and PET scan with MR images.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.100-116
• /
• 1999

The specific purpose of this was to investigate if ir was feasible to design and execute garments that were multi-functional in purpose for women living in an expended world of social and occupational interaction which rerequired flexibility and convenience in their clothing appropriate to their multiple roles in society. The study was to carry out based on the selected situations(business situation-social situation and private situation-social situation) and designs deduced from the situations. The garments could permit flexibility in style through adjustable features which could be attached to, or detached from, the garment depending on the occasion and need of the wearer. As the results of the study, the characteristics of multi-functional garments were found as follows : First, the garments could bring about flexibility in garment formation through adjustable details, overlay and patch, in order to increase the multi-functional usage of the garments. Second, the style of garments could be expressed design images to meet the needs of flexibility and convenience for the various occassions. Third, the multi-functional garments could meet the needs for time and economic values for the women who play multple roles.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.11-27
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study is to develop highly valued fashion cultural items using Korean face and human images to enhance global competition. The methods of this study include: historical study on the face/human images which appear on the dress; design by stage according to Lamb & Kallal's apparel design process; development of products using digital textile printing technology; and case study by objective evaluation through Grant's alpha-beta model. The procedure and the results of this study are as follows: First, in the problem identification stage, the need to develop fashion cultural products of Korean face/human images which are symbolic, aesthetic, and functional was recognized in order to enhance global competition. Second, in the preliminary idea stage, the fashion cultural products and the components that meet the above 3 standards for design were determined and first design was drawn up. The source of the design was extrapolated from face/human images, which appeared on the murals of the ancient Korea, the portraits and custom paintings from the Chosun Dynasty. From these images, a total of 7 design series of T-shirts with an "ULGUL" logo, scarves, and artwalls were developed using "obangsaek" which are five Korean traditional colors including red, blue, black. white, and yellow on cottons and silks. Third, in the design refinement stage, based on the preference survey, more varying design methods were used to develop 25 new designs. Fourth, in prototype development stage, based on the preference survey conducted on fashion professionals and general public from the previous stage, which showed preference for T-shirts and scarves, 3 designs on T-shirts and 2 designs on scarves were printed and produced using the DTP (Digital Textile Printing). Fifth, in the evaluation stage, Grant's alpha-beta model was used to perform comparative evaluation on the symbolic, aesthetic, and functional criteria of the new designs over the existing ones. The new designs received excellent results in all three criteria and a special recognition was given to symbolism of the new designs.