• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.215-227
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to verify the effects of increases in consuming Korean food in patients who underwent cardiovascular disease (CVD) surgery based on a Korean diet control education program and to investigate the effects of Korean diet control nutrition education on risk factors of CVD, changes in amounts of medication, and nutritional intakes. Methods: The subjects consisted of 15 patients who have undergone CVD surgery within three years and continuously taken cardiovascular drugs. The Korean traditional diet (KTD) emphasizes intake of vegetables and fermented foods to lower saturated fat and cholesterol intake. We applied a KTD education program that included a modified DASH (The dietary approaches to stop hypertension) diet for cardiovascular disease patients. Korean diet control education was then applied to the patients for 12 weeks to evaluate the risk factors of CVD and the state of nutritional intakes. Results: The Korean diet control compliance score increased significantly (p < 0.001) as Korean diet control education was implemented. Additionally, the obesity indexes, waist circumference (WC) (p = 0.002) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) decreased significantly (p < 0.001) after subjects received the education. Moreover, the glycemic control index, HbA1c, was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) from $7.3{\pm}1.0%$ before the education to $7.0{\pm}1.1%$ after the education. Changes in the amounts of Korean diet intake consisted of significant increases in cooked rice with whole grains, narmuls (vegetables either raw or cooked), kimchi, and traditional fermented foods following the education. Moreover, the nutritional intake after the education showed significant decreases (p < 0.05) in animal protein, animal lipids, and cholesterol. However, the intakes of Na, K, dietary fiber, vitamin A, vitamin $B_6$, vitamin C, and folic acid were significantly increased. Conclusion: The active encouragement of consuming Korean food and the intervention of implementing diet control education positively affected nutritional intake, the obesity index and glycemic control of patients who have undergone CVD surgery.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1082-1094
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of Leuconostoc spp. isolated from radish kimchi and to investigate the potential for the use of functional ingredients by evaluating enzymatic characteristics, safety, and immune-enhancing effects among the isolates, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 (LGG) as a control strain. All test strains exhibited β-glucosidase enzyme activity that releases β-1,4 sugar chain bonds. In addition, as a result of antibiotic resistance assay among the isolates, MIC values on 8 antibiotics were below compared to the EFSA standard, and hemolytic experiments confirmed that all showed gamma hemolysis without hemolytic ability. As a result of the antibacterial activity experiment, the Leu. mesenteroides K2-4 strain showed a higher activity than LGG against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the activity of the NF-kB/AP-1 transcription factor increased when the isolates were treated in macrophage RAW cells. These results were related to increasing the high mRNA expression levels on TNF-α and IL-6 by Leu. mesenteroides K2-4 strain to be treated at low concentration. Consequently, we suggest that it will be useful as a candidate for functional food ingredients.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.757-764
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• 2007

Marbling of cattle meat is dependent on the coordinated expression of multiple genes. Cattle dramatically increase their intramuscular fat content in the longissimus dorsi muscle between 12 and 27 months of age. We used the annealing control primer (ACP)-differential display RT-PCR method to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that may participate in the development of intramuscular fat between early (12 months old) and late fattening stages (27 months old). Using 20 arbitrary ACP primers, we identified and sequenced 14 DEGs. BLAST searches revealed that expression of the MDH, PI4-K, ferritin, ICER, NID-2, WDNMI, telethonin, filamin, and desmin (DES) genes increased while that of GAPD, COP VII, ACTA1, CamK II, and nebulin decreased during the late fattening stage. The results of functional categorization using the Gene Ontology database for 14 known genes indicated that MDH, GAPD, and COP VII are involved in metabolic pathways such as glycolysis and the TCA cycle, whereas telethonin, filamin, nebulin, desmin, and ACTA1 contribute to the muscle contractile apparatus, and PI4-K, CamK II, and ICER have roles in signal transduction pathways regulated by growth factor or hormones. The final three genes, NID-2, WDNMI, and ferritin, are involved in iron transport and extracellular protein inhibition. The expression patterns were confirmed for seven genes (MDH, PI4-K, ferritin, ICER, nebulin, WDNMI, and telethonin) using real-time PCR. We found that the novel transcription repressor ICER gene was highly expressed in the late fattening stage and during bovine preadipocyte differentiation. This information may be helpful in selecting candidate genes that participate in intramuscular fat development in cattle.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.120-127
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• 2012

In this study, separation of ethylbenzene from mixed xylene was performed by using TS-1 zeolite membrane. TS-1 zeolite membranes were prepared by microwave synthesis and changing the reaction temperature. MFI-type TS-1 membranes are synthesized on alumina tubes by functional coating using 3-chloropropyltrimethoxysilane (3CP-TMS). On top surface of interlayer, nano TS-1 crystals were seeded. To form interlayer, microwave-assisted growth of TS-1 zeolite was carried out and thin zeolite layers were produced. All of the prepared membranes are tested to separate ethylbenzene from mixed xylene at different operating temperatures. TS-1 membrane with zeolite seed synthesized at $170^{\circ}C$ compared to 120, $140^{\circ}C$ shows the best ethylbenzene separation at the operation temperature of $200^{\circ}C$ from ternary mixed xylene containing certain composition of ethylbenzene/p-xylene/m-xylene. (separation factor : 2.64, ethylbenzene flux : 1703.0 mol/$m^2{\cdot}s{\cdot}Pa$).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.107-112
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• 2013

Complications increases when crown height space is excessive and one should be careful of choosing type of fixed prosthesis in case crown height space is over 12 mm. In this condition, tooth seems to be longer, therefore, it is needed to use gingival shade in aesthetically important area for fixed prosthesis. In this case, fixed prosthesis which has inappropriate maintenance and hygiene could hold food, plaque, calculus, thus increase incidence of inflammation and infection. Moreover, it could lead to chronic inflammation and infection and in that case surgical improvement could be necessary. In present case report, gingival inflammation and swelling developed around prosthesis after having made it considering articulation and aesthetic view in patient who had excessive crown height space. Finding out that design of prosthesis is a factor to make it hard to maintain oral hygiene, a temporary prosthesis which has enough interproximal space and proper emergence profile was fabricated. After two months of observation, significant abnormal symptoms are not found and oral reconstruction is performed using fixed prosthesis with zircornia infrastructure and porcelain build-up based on convenient self hygiene design. Through serial treatment, inappropriate soft tissue response is not observed and satisfactory result in functional aspect comes out.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.947-952
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• 2015

Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) was originally identified in androgen-independent prostate cancer cells undergoing apoptosis. Par-4 is ubiquitously expressed in normal cells and tissues, but it is downregulated in several types of cancers. Par-4 is a 38 kDa tumor suppressor protein encoded by the PARW gene. Par-4 promotes apoptosis in a variety of cancerous cells, but not in normal cells. In this review, we focused on the structure, expression and function of Par-4 in apoptotic signaling pathway. Functional domains of Par-4 include two nuclear localization sequences (NLS), a leucine zipper (LZ) domain, a nuclear export sequence (NES) and selective for apoptosis in cancer cell (SAC) domain. Many studies have underlined the importance of Par-4 in preventing cancer development. The activity of Par-4 is differently regulated by localization of intracellular and extracellular Par-4. Intracellular Par-4 inhibits Akt- and NF-κB-mediated cell survival pathways and downregulates Bcl-2 expression. Extracellular Par-4 activates the extrinsic apoptotic pathway by binding to cell surface receptor GRP78, a stress response protein that is in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Endogenous Par-4 sensitizes cancer cells to various apoptotic stimuli, while exogenous Par-4 enhances SAC domain-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells, but not normal cells. Therefore, Par-4 is an attractive target for cancer therapy.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.265-269
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• 2015

Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is a spherical unicellular green algae and the diameter ranges from 2 to $10{\mu}m$. C. vulgaris possess nutritional excellence because it contains various functional materials including high protein contents, chlorophyll, carotenoid, and chlorella growth factor (CGF). In order to study effects of mutagen, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) was used as a chemical mutagen and some mutants could be obtained. We named 2 type mutants as E14 and E24 obtained after treating with EMS. In the cell growth, growth patterns of mutants were similar to those of the wild type. Chlorophyll contents of E14 and E24 increased up to 99 and 52%, respectively compared to those of the wild type. The carotenoid content of E14 increased to 7%, but the value of E24 decreased 5% compared to that of the wild type. For the lipid contents E24 increased to 23%, while E14 decreased 12% when compared to those of the wild type. As a result, there is no difference between the mutants and wild type in the cell growth, but considering that mutants contains more physiological materials than those of the wild type, we can expect the mutants of C. vulgaris could be used as important high added-value materials.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.287-299
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• 2015

If the Nakdong River estuary is to be sustainable, land use management practices need to consider bird habitat requirements, especially given that the area serves as an important migratory bird sanctuary. In this study, bird habitats found in the Nakdong River estuary were classified into 11 different types including Phragmites australiss, mud flat, farmland, open surface in freshwater, sand bar, riparian forest, Scirpus planiculmis, waterway, construction, grasslands, and open surface in sea or brackish water. Taking into consideration the regional characteristics, habitat properties, and landscape indices, a total of 12 study sites were analyzed. Mud flat, construction, farmland, and P. australis account for 80% of the total land area. The high area ratio of construction and farmland to other types of habitat revealed a high amount of historical human activity and intervention in the area. Both patch numbers as well as patch density were high in West Nakdong River, Samrak Waterfront, Maekdo River, and Daejeo Floodgate, with these areas showing the greatest fragmentation as well. Total numbers of species and individuals had a positive correlation with the area and the number of habitat types. Findings suggest that protecting the habitat area, especially in S. planiculmis, is the most important factor for bird habitat management and that future development could result in habitat loss, having a profoundly adverse impact on bird populations. Therefore, it is important that the total area should be carefully protected by land use regulations in order to ensure that the Nakdong River estuary maintains its functional integrity as a migratory bird sanctuary.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.2269-2272
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• 2013

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) degrade various components of the extracellular matrix and functional polymorphisms in encoding genes may contribute to genetic susceptibility to many cancers. Up to now, associations between MMP-7 (-181A>G) and digestive system cancer risk have remained inconclusive. To better understand the role of the MMP-7 (-181A>G) genotype in digestive cancer development, we conducted this comprehensive meta-analysis encompassing 3,518 cases and 4,596 controls. Overall, the MMP-7 (-181A>G) polymorphism was associated with higher digestive system cancer risk on homozygote comparison (GG vs. AA, OR=1.21, 95% CI = 1.12-1.60) and in a dominant model (GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.16, 95% CI =1.03-1.46). On subgroup analysis, this polymorphism was significantly linked to higher risks for gastric cancer (GG vs. AA, OR=1.22, 95% CI = 1.02-1.46; GA vs. AA, OR=1.82, 95% CI =1.16-2.87; GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.13, 95% CI =1.01-1.27; GG vs. GA/AA, OR= 1.25, 95% CI = 1.06-2.39. We also observed increased susceptibility to colorectal cancer and esophageal SCC in both homozygote (OR = 1.13, 95% CI = 1.06-1.26) and heterozygote comparisons (OR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.11-1.91). In the stratified analysis by controls, significant effects were only observed in population-based studies (GA vs. AA, OR=1.16, 95% CI=1.08-1.50; GA/AA vs. GG, OR=1.10, 95% CI=1.01-1.72). According to the source of ethnicity, a significantly increased risk was found among Asian populations in the homozygote model (GG vs. AA, OR=1.40, 95% CI=1.12-1.69), heterozygote model (GA vs. AA, OR=1.26, 95% CI=1.02-1.51), and dominant model (GG/GA vs. AA, OR=1.18, 95% CI=1.08-1.55). Our findings suggest that the MMP-7 (-181A>G) polymorphism may be a risk factor for digestive system cancer, especially among Asian populations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.8
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• pp.1180-1185
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the biological activity of yangha flower buds as well as to manufacture of yanggeng prepared with various levels (0 g, 3 g, 6 g, 9 g, and 12 g) of yangha flower buds. DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities of yangha flower buds were 96% and 57% compared to levels of vitamin C, respectively. In the oxygen radical antioxidant capacity assay, antioxidant activity increased dose dependently up to $500{\mu}g/mL$ of yangha flower buds. There was no toxicity up to $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ in vascular smooth muscle cells, and yanggeng significantly reduced migration and proliferation by platelet-derived growth factor-BB-stimulated rat aortic smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation. In the sensory evaluation, the optimal sample was YY9, which was prepared with 9 g of yangha flower buds. It can be concluded that yangha flower buds show antioxidant and vascular protective activities. The optimal sample (YY9) is expected to contribute as a new functional food.