• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.519-523
• /
• 2005

Soybean paste (Doenjang) was prepared by adding Lotus root powder (LRP) at $5\~15\%$ (w/w) to improve quality of the Doenjang and to give some functional properties. Moisture content was ranged about $50.05\~54.04\%$ and amino nitrogen content was $635\~648\;mg\%$ following the LRP contents. Crude protein amounts were $11.55\~12.56\%$ that was no difference between test samples. Carbohydrates contents increased $1.5\~2$ times in the test samples than the control depending on the LRP contents. However, contents of crude lipid $(6.99\~8.55\%)$ and ash $(13.99\~15.17\%)$ were decreased as increased the amounts of LRP. The pH of the product was decreased until 45 days during aging period and then slightly increased without significantly differences among test samples. The values of acidity were $1.85\~2.18\%$ at the early stage of aging but slightly increased with further aging. The total phenolic content in the Doenjang adding $15\%$ LRP was $461.8\;mg\%$ which is higher than $368.6\;mg\%$ in the control. Doenjang prepared with LRP showed an anti-browning effect of the product itself.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.1625-1632
• /
• 2005

This study was conducted to monitor the extraction yields and functional properties from cabbage by a response surface methodology. The extract yield was maximized as 44.47$\%$ under the temperature of 79.86$^{\circ}C$, ethanol concentration of 56.84$\%$ and solvent to sample ratio 25.58 mL/g . The maximum value of electron donating ability was 85.46$\%$ at 46.38$^{\circ}C$,57.06$\%$ of ethanol concentration and 27.71 mL/g of solvent to sample ratio. The maximum value of tyrosinase inhibitory effect was 69.37$\%$ at 37.5$^{\circ}C$,47.71$\%$ of ethanol concentration and 16.03 mL/g of solvent to sample ratio. The maximum value of SOD-like activity was 48.36$\%$ in 66.12$^{\circ}C$, 70.35$\%$ of ethanol concentration and 29.13 mL/g of solvent to sample ratio. Estimated conditions for the maximized extraction including yield, electron donating ability and SOD-like activity were 20 $\∼$ 30 mL/g in ratio of solvent to sample, 25$\∼$85$\%$ in ethanol concentration, and 40$\∼$90$^{\circ}C$ in extraction temperature.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.34 no.10
• /
• pp.1509-1513
• /
• 2005

To develop a new functional food material, edible crude saponin was isolated from soybean cake using HP-20 resin and its anticancer effect and immune-activity were investigated. The saponin significantly inhibited the growth of cancer cells such as A549, MCF-7 and SW480 at a concentration of 1,000 $\mu$g/mL. Morphological changes was observed in the AS49 cells surface treated with the saponin of 1,000 $\mu$g/mL concentration. The proliferation of mouse spleen cells treated with saponin was increased in a dose-dependent manner compared with untreated control cells until the concentration of 1 $\mu$g/mL but decreased at higher concentrations than that. The NO production in marcrophage cell lines (RAW 264.7) treated with saponin was increased in a dosedependent manner compared with untreated control cells.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.745-752
• /
• 2007

This study examined the effects of different levels of evening primrose oil (EPO) on the accumulation of ${\gamma}$-fatty acids in broiler meat. Six hundred one-day-old male chicks (Ross strain) from commercial broilers were divided randomly into 6 groups${\times}$4 repeat pens. The broilers were fed experimental diets containing 4.0% tallow (control), 0.5% EPO, 0.7% mixed oil (EPO 70:soy bean oil 30), 1.5% EPO, 3.0% EPO or 4.0% EPO for two weeks of broiler finisher. There was a significant difference in body weight gain between the control and treatment groups except for the 0.5% EPO group (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in the percentage of thigh and breast weight against the carcass weight between control and treatment groups except for the 0.5% EPO group in the thigh and 0.5% EPO and 4.0% EPO groups in the breast weight (p<0.05). The saturated fatty acid levels of the skin and breast muscle lipid of the broilers fed diets containing EPO were significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05), while the level of unsaturated fatty acid was significantly higher than that of the control group (p<0.05). The ${\gamma}$-fatty acid (GLA, gamma.linolenic acid, 18:3n-6) level was particularly higher in the chicken meat lipids from the broilers fed EPO than in the control group (p<0.05). This shows that feeding EPO to chicks can produce novel functional broiler meat that is enriched in gamma-linolenic acid.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.670-677
• /
• 2007

We analyzed antioxidant and physiological activities to investigate the functional effects of ethanol extracts of Anomala albopilosa imago and A. albopilosa larva. In order to effectively screen for anti-inflammatory agents, we first investigated the antioxidant activities such as DPPH radical scavenging capacity, superoxide radical scavenging capacity, xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, and nitric oxide scavenging capacity of the A. albopilosa extracts. By the screening system, we found that A. albopilosa extracts had antioxidant activity which increased with increments of the extract concentration. Moreover, we examined the inhibitory effect of the A. albopilosa extracts on the production of anti-inflammatory factors that the nitric oxide (NO), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$ production activated with LPS ($1{\mu}g/mL$) in murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. A. albopilosa extracts potentially inhibited the iNOS and COX-2 in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of iNOS activity was correlated with the decrease in nitrite levels. Additionally, the $PEG_2$ production is markedly inhibited after a treatment with the A. albopilosa extracts.

• Journal of Distribution Science
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.71-78
• /
• 2015

Purpose - This study attempts to analyze whether or not there are characteristics among the top management of companies that promote corporate performance at venture companies. It investigates the characteristics of the human and social capital that are inherent in top management at a venture company and conducts an empirical analysis of hypotheses examining if these characteristics will affect utilization of the governmental R&D support system as well as affect the firm's initial success. Research design, data, and methodology - This study conducted theoretical and empirical research together to accomplish the goal of the study. The pilot study researched human capital and social capital as the independent variables; the governmental R&D support system as the parameter; and, the initial success as the dependent variable. The empirical study carried out research on the model, establishment of hypotheses, and the statistical treatment. A survey was conducted targeting top management of high-tech venture companies in Daedeok Innopolis; 500 questionnaires were distributed; and, 222 were collected. Results - The human and social capital inherent in top management at venture companies in the early stages of their existence become good evaluation data for those who are invested in similar resources. If top management includes strong human and social capital, access to external resources will be easier; these will have a positive influence on the selection of overnmental support systems; and, this proper support will also have a positive influence on the initial success of the venture company. The results revealed the following. First, it was found that when the educational level and functional background, (the top management human capital), are the output function, top management human capital had a significant influence on selection of governmental R&D support funds. Second, it was found that the internal social capital and external social capital, (the top management social capital), had a significant influence on selection of governmental R&D support tasks. Third, it was found that selection of the governmental R&D support tasks at the start of the venture company had a positive influence on the corporate financial performance such as sales, business profits, and the increase in workers; and, had a significant influence on nonfinancial performance such as market share, competitive position, product competitiveness, and the future product development. Conclusions - Selection of the governmental R&D support system is not recognized as part of the direct sales of a venture company in its early stages, but as it can reduce costs for technical development and helps significantly in creating test products and mass production, it has a positive influence on the company's financial performance and nonfinancial performance as a result. Therefore, companies should take great efforts to frequently be selected as a candidate in the governmental R&D support system, as it can help facilitate R&D that requires extensive funds. As a result, companies can expect effects such as job creation and patent applications and they can advance future product sales.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.35 no.2
• /
• pp.308-329
• /
• 1997

A lot of the research paper was reported about the result of influence of IMC (Intra-mobile connector) in the IMZ implant placed solely in the alveolar bone, but reports about the effect of IMC on functional load at state of connecting with natural teeth ere rare. The major propose of this study was find the mechanical character of IMC itself by using the finite element analysis program after simulated variance of condition connected with the natural teeth and implant on funcional load. When first and second premolar was lost, IMZ implant was placed with a diameter of 3.3mm and a length of 13mm with IMC in second premolar area. Rigid connection was done and the non-figid connention was located on the female part of the canine abutment and the implant respectively and then both the infraocclusion of $30{\mu}m$ and the non-infraocclusion under the load of 40kg applied to the portion of the natural teeth, the pontic and the implant. The displacement and the stress of it was estimated and analyzed IMC itself of the rigid connection and the non-rigid connection was grouped. The following result were obtained. 1. In all groups, the displacement of Y-axis was greater than that of X-axis and the aspect of displacement showed that IMC was displaced downward and to the center. 2. There was no differences in the displacement of IMC regardless of the connection type. 3. In the displacement of IMC, I 4 was the least, I 1 and I 3 are similar and I 2 was the greatest. 4. There was no differences in the peak value of maximal stress of IMC regardless of the connection type. 5. In the peak value of maximal stress of IMC, I 4 was the least, I 1 and I 3 were similar, and I 2 was the largest.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.59 no.3
• /
• pp.307-311
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to evaluate effect of plants number per hill (PNH) on growth and yield of sorghum in drained paddy field for 2 years. Crop growth and development and yield in the field was examined to know the efficiency of proposed cropping system. At seeding after 40 days, leaf number and stem diameter were highest at 1 PNH plot, on the other hands, plant height was at 5 PNH plot the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, respectively. The harvest stage, 5 PNH plot was highest culm length of 183, 188 cm the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, however, culm diameter was lowest. Culm length of sorghum was highest by 183, 188 cm at 5 PNH plot also, culm diameter was thickest by 19.18, 20.13 mm at 1 PNH, respectively. Yield components of ear length, seed number per ear and 1000-seed weight were highest at 1 PNH the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$, respectively. As yield of sorghum was highest at 2 PNH plot $344kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$, $382kg{\cdot}10a^{-1}$ yearly, respectively that it were in order of 1 PNH plot > 3 PNH plot > 4 PNH plot > 5 PNH plot.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.33-43
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this study was to eximine the effect of different yam twisting methods on mechanical properties and 3D CAD images of plain knitted fabrics made of composite yarns. Six yams were used in this study: four different composite yams of the six consist of acetate and functional polyester (Poly-m) with the ratio of 70:30, and the rest two are the original acetate $100\%$ yam and the poly-m $100\%$ yarn. The four kinds of composite yarns were processed in combinations of twisting processes such as interlacing, false twisting, two for one twisting, combined twisting and single covering, and the two original yams were knitted without any twisting process. Sixteen mechanical properties of all the six knitted fabrics, knitted under the same knitting conditions, were measured by KES-FB system with the outer knit condition. The results were as follows; 1) When the sample applied with the false twisting process at the temperature as high as $220^{\circ}C$, ENT, B, HB, G and RC values of samples increased which leads to increasing dimensional stability. 2) To gain the high bending and shear properties in the single covering process, selecting the core yarn with such properties is the most important factor. 3) Interlacing process effected to increase RC value. 4) False twisting process after interlacing process gave bulkiness and un-interlaced part in yam was increased SMD value. The SMD value of the kilted fabric of the composite yarn, which was put through the combined twist process, was higher than those of which simple process such as the two for one twist or the single covering process applied. In order to achieve the silk-like surface feel of knitted fabric, the sin91e covering process is recommended. 5) Examining the simulation images of the knifed fabrics of composite yarn, which were generated by the 3D CAD system based on the mechanical properties of the fabric, led that appearance could be changed as different twisting methods were applied.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
• /
• v.33 no.3
• /
• pp.198-204
• /
• 2014

BACKGROUND: Caused by cultural environment, the fruit skin stain results in serious damages to pear fruit. Particularly susceptible to this damage, 'Niitaka' pear accounts for 82% of pear cultivation in Korea and many farmers growing the pear trees have suffered economic losses due to fruit skin stain. This study investigated the effect of different treatments of 'Niitaka' pear during growing period on the occurrence of fruit skin stain. METHODS AND RESULTS: The treatments in the field included gibberellin (GA) paste, spraying with amino acid tree fertilizer, functional bagging, and coating of the inner paper bag with agents. The relationships between tree vigor, mineral nutrition concentration and fruit skin stain occurrence were also investigated. The fruit skin stain symptoms occurred from young fruit (May 25) until harvest. There was no exposed fruit flesh. The occurrence of fruit skin stain was significantly reduced in normal tree (shoot length 110 cm), as well as using GA paste treatment, and bagging in calcium and lime sulfur coated bags. However, spraying with amino acid tree fertilizer made no difference in comparison to control. In addition, bags in which the inner paper was coated with lime sulfur and soybean oil resulted in chemical injury to the fruit skin caused by bagging. The K concentration of shoot wood and fruit skin were higher than those of the control. Also, there were lower T-N, K concentration of leaf. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that occurrence of fruit skin stain in 'Niitaka' pear fruits during the growing period can be reduced by GA paste and bagging in calcium and lime sulfur coated bags. The symptoms of chemical injury to the fruit skin caused by bagging in lime sulfur and soybean oil coated inner paper were different compared to skin stain occurring in fruit during the growing period.