• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1109-1114
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• 2008

To understand the role of intestinal microflora in the biological effect of functional herbs, which have been used in Korea, Japan, and China as traditional medicines, and suggest new bioactive compounds transformed from herbal constituents, the metabolic activities of the functional herb components (ginsenoside Rb1, crocin, amygdalin, geniposide, puerarin, ginsenoside Re, poncirin, hesperidin, glycyrrhizin, and baicalin) toward their bioactive compounds (compound K, crocetin, benzaldehyde, genipin, daidzein, ginsenoside Rh1, ponciretin, hesperetin, 18b-glycyrrhetic acid, and baicalein) were measured in fecal specimens. The metabolic activities of these components were $882.7{\pm}814.5$, $3,938.1{\pm}2,700.8$, $2,375.5{\pm}913.7$, $1,179.4{\pm}795.7$, $24.6{\pm}10.5$, $11.4{\pm}10.8$, $578.8{\pm}206.1$, $1,150.0{\pm}266.1$, $47.3{\pm}58.6$, and $12,253.0{\pm}6,527.6\;{\mu}mol/h/g$, respectively. No differences were found in the metabolic activities of the tested components between males and females, although these metabolic activities between individuals are extensively different. The metabolites of functional herb components showed more potent cytotoxicity against tumor cells than nonmetabolites. These findings suggest that intestinal microflora may activate the pharmacological effect of herbal food and medicines and must be the biocatalytic converter for the transformation of herbal components to bioactive compounds.

• Polymer(Korea)
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.622-627
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• 2012

This study focuses on mechanical property enhancement and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) reduction characteristic of environmentally-friendly waterborne coatings. We synthesized a series of organic-inorganic hybrid waterborne polyurethanes by using poly(tetramethylene glycol) 2000, polycarbonate diol 2000, isophorone diisocyanate, dimethylolpropionic acid and titanium dioxide. The study on the effects of the R ratio([NCO]/[OH]) and inorganic contents on environmentally-friendly waterborne coatings showed that the R ratio with more than 1.5 is appropriate due to arrangement of hardsegments. The applied $TiO_2$ on films reduced volatile organic compounds (VOCs).

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.610-621
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• 2014

Phenolic compounds such as isoflavones contribute to the antioxidant properties of soybean. This study investigated differences in the phenolic content and antioxidant activity of ten soybean cultivars grown in two different locations in Korea. We observed a wide range of variation in total isoflavone and phenolic content by location and cultivar. The total isoflavone content of cultivars grown at Pyeongchang (sub-highland) was significantly higher than that in cultivars grown at Gangneung (lowland). In contrast, the total phenolic content of cultivars grown at Gangneung was greater than that of cultivars grown at Pyeongchang. The radical scavenging activity of DPPH was similar to that of the total phenolic content rather than that of the total isoflavone content. These results suggest that antioxidant activity of soybean was associated with phenolic compounds rather than isoflavones. To identify the individual antioxidant components, we used an on-line HPLC-$ABTS^+$-based assay system, ESI/MS, and NMR. The results showed that the strongest antioxidant activity was linked to epicatechin.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.191-202
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• 2017

Chemical compounds from four different tissues of the kenaf plant (Hibiscus cannabinus), a valuable medicinal crop originating from Africa, were examined to determine its potential for use as a new drug material. Leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds were harvested to identify phytochemical compounds and measure antioxidant activities. Gas chromatography mass spectrometry analyses identified 22 different phytocompounds in hexane extracts of the different parts of the kenaf plant. The most abundant volatile compounds were E-phytol (32.4%), linolenic acid (47.3%), trisiloxane-1,1,1,5,5,5-hexamethyl-3,3-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy] (16.4%), and linoleic acid (46.4%) in leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds, respectively. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography identified the major compounds in the different parts of the kenaf plant as kaemperitrin, caffeic acid, myricetin glycoside, and p-hydroxybenzoic acid in leaves, bark, flowers, and seeds, respectively. Water extracts of flowers, leaves, and seeds exhibited the greatest DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD activity. Our analyses suggest that water is the optimal solvent, as it extracted the greatest quantity of functional compounds with the highest levels of antioxidant activity. These results provide valuable information for the development of environmentally friendly natural products for the pharmaceutical industry.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.08a
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• pp.75-75
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• 2020

Potatoes were first introduced outside the Andes region four centuries ago, and have become an integral part of much of the world's food. Potatoes were first introduced into Europe in the 16th century and Korea in the early 19th century. Potatoes have a short growing season, high production per unit area, relatively strong environmental adaptability, and are cultivated in more than 130 countries around the world. It is the world's fourth-largest crop, following rice, wheat, bean and maize. In the nutritional aspects, potatoes contain abundant vitamins and minerals, as well as an assortment of phytochemicals such as carotenoids and natural phenols. Due to the high content of potato functional compounds, it has known that potatoes are effective in the prevention of various human diseases. In particular, the potato contains a large amount of polar compounds, including the saponin in the polar compounds, and the physiological activity of the saponins, such as immunity enhancement, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory is known. In this study, the antioxidative activity of polar compounds from five potatoes was examined by cell based anti-oxidation assay. The smallest amount of ROS(Reactive oxygen species) was generated when the compound was derived from 'Haryung' and 'hongyoung' and strong SOD(Superoxide dismutase) activity was observed in 'Sumi' and 'Jayoung'. The results of this study reveal the antioxidative effect of polar compounds extracted from various kind of potatoes, which will enable the acquisition of new bioactive candidates and the establishment of new profit generation models for farmers

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.79-85
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• 2009

Polyphenolic compounds are reported to have various pharmacological activities such as anti-oxidative, anti-cancerous, anti-inflammatory and anti-aging effects. Although numerous papers explore their functional roles in many different cellular actions, not many studies handle their structural features in anti-inflammatory responses. In this study, therefore, we examined structural role of substituted transstilbenes in their NO inhibitory and NF-${\kappa}B$ suppressive activities. Of 10 compounds tested, 4 compounds (cinnamic acid, resveratrol, piceatannol and curcumin) displayed NO inhibitory activities in a dose-dependent manner. Similarly, these compounds blocked LPS-induced cytotoxicity of RAW264.7 cells. All NO inhibitory compounds also inhibited $I{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ phosphorylation, a hallmark for NF-${\kappa}B$ activation. However, these inhibitory compounds exhibited distinct suppressive pattern in tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-${\alpha}$- or phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced NF-${\kappa}B$ and AP-1 activation. According to structure-activity relationship study, polarity and size of ring B seem to be important for diminishing NO production. Therefore, our data suggest that substituted trans-stilbenes can be developed as novel anti-inflammatory drug or further developed as lead compounds for another improvement.

• 한국약용작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.10a
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• pp.306-306
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• 2010

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.73-79
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• 2000

The influence of mastication of natural rubber (NR) on properties of carbon black-filled NR compounds was studied. Variations of viscosities of the masticated NR and the carbon black-filled NR compound by heating were also investigated. The viscosities of the compounds decreased by increasing the mastication time of the raw rubber. The viscosities of the masticated NR and the compounds increased by increasing the heating time. This was explained by the combination reaction between functional groups in the rubber. The viscosity increment of the masticated rubber and the compounds by heating became larger with increased mastication time. Cure rate of the compound became faster by increasing the mastication time. Modulus of the vulcanizate made of the rubber masticated for a long time was higher than that of the vulcanizate made of the rubber masticated for a short time while elongation at break of the former was shorter than that of the latter. This was explained by the content of bound rubber and chain length of the rubber molecules.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.6
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• pp.745-752
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• 2001

Wild edible plants are consumed as raw or processed. Analytical data for raw biologically functional compounds were relatively well established. The changes on functional compounds during processing are, however, not well studied. This study was carried out to investigate the change of the quality of wild edible plants, Chamchwi, blanched at various conditions. Samples were blanched at the salt concentration of 0%, 1% or 2% for 1, 3, and 5 minutes each. The biologically active compounds, vitamin C, ${\beta}-carotene$, chlorophyll, flavonoids, polyphenols and minerals were analyzed. The concentration of vitamin C in Chamchwi did not show any significant change under various blanching conditions. Beta-carotene in Chamchwi was not significantly affected by blanching time. Higher salt concentration of blanching water, however, resulted in the increased concentration of ${\beta}-carotene$ in the blanched Chamchwi. Higher salt concentration of blanching water also reduced the loss of total flavonoids and total polyphenols from the blanched Chamchwi. The change of colors in the blanching water seemed to be corresponding to those of total flavonoids and total polyphenols concentrations in the blanching water.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.44 no.11
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• pp.1682-1686
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• 2015

This study was conducted to establish an HPLC analysis method for determination of marker compounds as part of materials standardization for development of health functional food materials from pear pomace. The quantitative determination method of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid as marker compounds of pear pomace extract (PPE) was optimized by HPLC analysis using a C18 column ($5{\times}250mm$, $5{\mu}m$) with a 0.2% elution gradient of acetic acid and methanol as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 0.8 mL/min and detection wavelength of 330 nm. The HPLC/UV method was applied successfully to the quantification of marker compounds in PPE after validation of the method with linearity, accuracy, and precision. The method showed high linearity of the calibration curve with a coefficient of correlation ($R^2$) of 0.9999, and limit of detection and limit of quantification were $1.14{\mu}g/mL$ (caffeic acid) and $1.61{\mu}g/mL$ (chlorogenic acid) as well as $4.9{\mu}g/mL$ (caffeic acid) and $4.9{\mu}g/mL$ (chlorogenic acid), respectively. Relative standard deviation values from intra- and inter-day precision were less than 3.1% (caffeic acid) and 4.0% (chlorogenic acid), respectively. Recovery rates of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid at 12.5, 25, and $50{\mu}g/mL$ were 93.66~106.32% and 97.33~105.68%, respectively. An optimized method for extraction of caffeic acid and chlorogenic acid in PPE was established through diverse extraction conditions, and the validation indicated that the method is very useful for evaluation of marker compounds in PPE to develop a health functional food material.