• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2022

An integrated front steering system and front brake system (FSFB) is developed to improve the stability and controllability of an SUV. The FSFB simultaneously controls the additional steering angle and front brake pressure. An active front steering system (AFS) and an active front brake system (AFB) are designed for comparison. The results show that the FSFB enhances the lateral stability and controllability regardless of road and running conditions compared to the AFS and AFB. As a result, the yaw rate of the SUV tracks the reference yaw rate, and the side slip angle decreases. In addition, brake pressure control is more effective than steering angle control in improving the stability and steerability of the SUV on a slippery road. However, this deteriorates comfort on dry or wet asphalt.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.157-171
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• 2000

Front Points are told to be deeply related with viscera and bowels in oriental medicine. Since the Front Points are treated as response zone, it can be used for the diagnosis and treatment of disease in viscera and bowels. The location of Front Points are very similar to the several response zones in western medicine. Diagnostic aspect of Front Points to several response zones were discussed in here based on many thesis and reported laboratorial experiments. Front Points are located in the same latitude of viscera and bowels. So, diagnosis result in Front Points represent condition of each organs. Palpitation of the Front Points can make diagnosis of body surface and the organ beneath the body surface. Such use of Front Points for diagnosis can used as the treatment points also. Only three Front Points (LU-1, LI-14, GB-24) in lung, liver and gall bladder meridian are located on its meridian. The Front Points of Stomach (CV-12) cross its meridian or closely located to it. Unlike to those four Front Points that are matched to its meridian, other eight Front Points do not located or cross its meridian at all. It seems that the location of Front Points are decided by the location of organs and the conditions at a certain organ do not delivered by the meridians but delivered by main collaterals, tertiary collaterals and superficial collaterals instead. Among visceral response zones, Five Front Points (CV-3, CV-4, CV-12, LI-14, GB-25) are exactly matched to Head's response zone and other Front Points are closely matched to the Head's response zone. There are five Front Points (CV-12, CV-14, CV-17, LI-14, GB-24) that are matched with the location of pressing palpitation point and other Front Points are closely located to the pressing palpitation point. So far, it was clear that the Front Points do have important role as response points. Symptoms expressed to the Front Points were delivered conditions or symptoms occur in corresponding organ and the anatomical location of Front Points were also found near the corresponding organ. Diagnostic and therapeutic application of Front Points for Organ theory and in the Interpromotion-restraint of the five elements in oriental medicine can be made in future to increase its potential.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.18-25
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• 2002

This paper is to study a comparison of ride stabilities for the guideway vehicle between its three primary steering types; the front-rear wheel steering type, tile independent wheel steering and the front wheel steering. A numerical model were built to investigate various factors to have an influence on the vehicular stability. It was shown that dynamic stabilities of the three types were dependent on the steering gain ratio of front wheel steering to rear. The front-rear wheel steering type was more stable for the value of positive steering gains and the shorter distance between front axle and guide link showed better stabilities. On the contrary, the independent wheel steering was more stable for the value of negative gains and the longer distance between front axle and guide link showed better stabilities. Ride characteristics of he front wheel steering seemed to be found midway. Ride behaviors due to time delay from front steering to rear were very different from steering type to type.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.903-909
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• 2015

This article presents an integrated chassis control with electronic stability control (ESC) and active front steering (AFS) under saturation of front lateral tire force. Regardless of the use of AFS, the front lateral tire forces can be easily saturated. Under the saturated front lateral tire force, AFS cannot be effective to generate a control yaw moment needed for the integrated chassis control. In this paper, new integrated chassis control is proposed in order to limit the use of AFS in case the front lateral tire force is saturated. Weighed pseudo-inverse control allocation (WPCA) with variable weight is adopted to adaptively use the AFS. To check the effectiveness of the proposed scheme, simulation is performed on a vehicle simulation package, CarSim. From simulation, the proposed integrated chassis control is effective for vehicle stability control under saturated front lateral tire force.

• Water Engineering Research
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2002

In general, two dimensionless numbers are used in predicting the front propagation rate of density currents: the densimetric Froude number and the dimensionless front velocity. The former expresses the front speed in terms of the characteristic length and reduced gravitational acceleration. Previous papers report that the range of this dimensionless number is wide. The other is the dimensionless front velocity, which is a function of the buoyancy flux per unit width. This paper presents the state of the art review of the dimensionless numbers for the front propagation rate of density currents. Values of the densimetric Froude number are found to be consistent when the proper characteristic length is used for normalization. Then, the densimetric Froude number and the dimensionless front velocity are compared by using the experimental data of density currents over a horizontal surface.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.300-306
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• 2009

The goal of this research is to investigate the present situation for front of pack labeling in Korea and the perception of consumers for the new system of labeling, front of pack labeling, based on the consumer survey. We investigated the number of processed foods with front of pack labeling in one retailer in Youngin-si. And we also surveyed 1,019 participants nationwide whose ages were from 20 to 49; the knowledge of nutrition labeling, the knowledge of 'front of pack labeling', and the opinion about the labeling system. The data were analyzed using SAS statistics program. The results were as follows: 13.4% of processed foods had front of pack labeling, and 16.8% of the consumers always checked the nutrition labeling, while 32.7% of the consumers seldom checked it. In addition, 44.3% of the consumers think that 'front of pack labeling' is necessary, and 58.3% of the consumers think it is important to show the percentage of daily value as a way of 'front of pack labeling'. However, 32% of the consumer think the possibility of 'front of pack labeling' is slim. Meanwhile, 58.3% of the consumers think that it is important to have the color difference according to contents. The number of favorite nutrients in the front of pack was four or five. It seems that the recognition of current nutrition labeling has the influence on the willingness of using the future 'front of pack labeling'. Along with our study, the policy for 'front of pack labeling' has to be updated and improved constantly since 'front of pack labeling' helps consumer understand nutrition facts.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.19-28
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• 2018

This study investigated the basic data of architectural design about framework dimensions inherent in a folk house of Yeosu city generally and systematically. We investigated the common dimensions of framework constitution for folk house (main building) seen a lot in Yeosu city. Most of the folk houses in Yeosu city were common people houses built from the end of 19th century to the 1960s and have maintained the same style for a long time. As a result of the study, common dimensions were calculated in two ways. One is Front toi/3ryang house and the other is Front/back toi/2kozu5ryang house. Front/back toi house was large in the case of full width, total height, and member thickness but, width of the front kan is no big difference. In other words, the scale of Front toi house and Front/back toi house is difference only in the rest except front kan (width). Among calculated common dimensions, the front kan of Front toi house and Front/back toi house in the plan, the kitchen is the widest, and the size is the same at 8.7 chucks degree. The next became small little by little in order of room 1(main room), room 2(center room), room 3(end room). As a result, the size of the room 3 of Front toi house reaches 7.7 chucks, and room 3 of Front/back toi house reaches 8.0 chucks. In the section dimensions, pillar height is in sum of floor height and pillar core height, Front toi house is 7.9 chucks, and Front/back toi house is 8.2 chucks. The investigation of basic data of architectural design is not only makes possible to grasp specific and simple to three-dimensional universal aspect on framework dimensions, but also documentation of folk house design know-how is done, and the architectural design standards of Korean folk house is written in the contents according to the area.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

This study is based on a representative body shape drawn from previous studies that classify adult male torso shapes. In this study, a design method is proposed by developing a tight-fit pattern that can be easily developed into various items and designs using the body surface development figure. This is obtained by converting the 3D body shape of the model representing the representative body shape. The specific design method was conducted as follows. Actual measurement values were used for waist back length, waist-to-hip length, shoulder length. The scye depth was determined as C/4-1.7 cm, and the front and back Interscye was set at (1/2 × actual measurements)-0.2 cm. The front-back neck breadth was set to (1/5 × base neck circumference)-1.3 cm and (1/5 × base neck circumference) cm. The front-back neck depth was set to (1/5 × base neck circumference)-1.2 cm and 3.5 cm. Front chest circumference was C/4-1 (front-back difference)cm; (1/4 × back chest circumference) was C/4 + 1 (front-back difference) + 0.3 (dart amount) cm. Front waist circumference was W/4-0.2 (front-back difference) + 2.2 (dart amount) cm; back waist circumference was W/4 + 0.2 (front-back difference) + 2.5 (dartamount) cm; front hip circumference was H/4 + 0.2 (ease) + 0.2 (front-back difference) cm; and back hip circumference was H/4 + 0.2 (ease)-0.2 (front-back difference) cm; Front droop was 1.6 cm. The newly developed tight-fit pattern is expected to be of great use as a basis for garment construction.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.91-102
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• 2016

This study classified the lower body types of female adults aged 18 to 69. The lower body was divided into front, lateral front, and lateral back. In order to understand the shape and somatotype of each segment, 592 people were analyzed based on girth, height, length, depth, width, angle and cross section distance for each segment. For data analysis, SPSS 18.0 was performed for descriptive statics, principal component analysis, K-means cluster analysis, ANOVA, and Duncan's test (as verification). Factor analysis was performed based on index values, calculation values, angles, and cross section distances. The measured items resulted in a.) 16 items were extracted to 5 factors in the case of the front factor (FF) of the lower body, and b.) 24 items were extracted to 6 factors in the case of lateral front factor (LFF) and lateral back factor (LBF). Each factor was put through K-means cluster analysis, classifying the lower bodies into one of four types of based on the front type (FT), the lateral front type (LFT), and the lateral back type (LBT) respectively. This study proposed an understanding of various lower body shapes by segmenting and classifying the lower body shapes for each type.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권11호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2003

The somatotype classification of this study was to manufacture well-fitted clothes for middle-aged women. The somatotype classification of the upper body of lateral view was based on previous studies, and 4 postures, straight posture, leaning back posture, bent forward posture, and swayback posture were selected for this study. The front of leaning back posture was longer and wider than that of straight posture, and its front neck depth was deeper. Its front interscye breadth was wider and back interscye breadth was narrower. S.N.P. B.P. front waistline length, waist front length, front diagonal length, chest shedder length, front waistline shoulder line length were longer, and S.N.P. scapular back waistline length, back length, back shoulder length, back diagonal length, shoulder line back waistline length were shorter. On the contrary, the front of bent forward posture was shorter and narrower than that of straight posture, and its back neck depth was deeper. The properties of swayback posture were similar to those of bent forward posture. Its front was shorter and narrower, but the results of front neck depth and back neck depth were like those of straight posture.