• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제32권7호
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• pp.1003-1012
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• 2008

A three dimensional numerical study has been applied to predict the turbulent fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics for the rectangular channel with different types of baffles. Four different types of the baffles are used. The inclined baffles have the width of 19.8 cm, the square diamond type hole having one side length of 2.55 cm, and the inclination angle of $5^{\circ}$. Reynolds number is varied between 23,000 and 57,000. The SST k-${\omega}$ turbulence model is used in the present numerical study. The validity of the numerical results is examined with the experimental data. The numerical results of the flow field depict that the flow patterns around the different baffle type are entirely different and it significantly affects the local heat transfer characteristics. The heat transfer and friction factor depend significantly on the number of baffle holes. It is found that the heat transfer enhancement of baffle type II (3 hole baffle) has the best values.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.463-466
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• 2002

In order to examine the possibility of using a cavity as a passive device for reduction of skin friction and heat transfer, an intensive parametric study over a broad range of the cavity depth and length at different Reynolds numbers is performed for both laminar and turbulent boundary layers in the present study. Direct and large eddy simulation techniques are used for turbulent boundary layers at low and moderate Reynolds numbers, respectively. for both laminar and turbulent boundary layers over a cavity, a flow oscillation occurs due to the shear layer instability when the cavity depth and length are sufficiently large and it plays an important role in the determination of drag and heat-transfer increase or decrease. For a cavity sufficiently small to suppress the flow oscillation, both the total drag and heat transfer are reduced. Therefore, the applicability of a cavity as a passive device for reduction of drag and heat transfer is fully confirmed in the present study. Scaling based on the wall shear rate of the incoming boundary layer is also proposed and it is found to be valid in steady flow over a cavity.

• 비파괴검사학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.10-14
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• 2009

초음파 적외선 비파괴 열화상 검사기술의 발열 메커니즘은 정확히 규명되지 않았으나, 열-기계 연성효과와 결함 계면 사이의 마찰효과가 주요한 원인인 것으로 추정되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 피로균열을 갖는 알루미늄 합금 시험편에서 결함을 검출하고, 실험조건으로부터 각각의 메커니즘에 따라 온도 변화를 수치 예측하였다. 시험결과와 수치예측 결과로부터 발열의 주요한 원인이 마찰이라는 것을 밝혔다.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회 초록집
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• pp.59-59
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• 2010

Friction stir welding has become a viable and important manufacturing alternative or fabrication component, especially in aerospace and automobile applications involving aluminium alloys. In recent years, there is an increasing interest for FSW of dissimilar metals and alloys, particularly systems which are difficult to weld by conventional, thermal (or fusion) welding. In this study we tried to analyse the complex heat distribution occurring in TIG assisted FSW of dissimilar butt joint (STS304 and Al6061). For this, an analytical model for heat generation by FSW based on contact conditions has been developed. The heat input was calculated considering the coefficient of friction and slip factor between each work piece material with the tool material. The thermal model is used to generate the temperature characteristics curve, which successfully predicts the maximum welding temperature in each alloys. The analysis was carried out using the in-house solver.

• International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.10-18
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• 2002

The objective of present study is to analyze a concentric triple-passage heat exchanger for an optimal design of a continuous hot steel-tube cooling system, where a hot-steel tube line is passing through an antioxidant gas with a constant speed. Velocities and temperatures of the inert gas flowing between inner and outer tubes are calculated theoretically for laminar and numerically for turbulent flow regimes. From their profiles Nusselt numbers and friction factors are calculated (or various ratios of inner/outer tube radii and relative velocities. With these Nusselt numbers triple-passage heat exchangers are investigated for their thermal characteristics. It is shown that heat transfer coefficients based on ratios of average heat fluxes from inner and outer tubes might result in great errors for the temperature distributions of the flows, since local heat transfer coefficients for flows through an annulus are dependent on local wall heat flux ratios.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2011년 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.141-147
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• 2011

A two-phase numerical model for plate-fin heat exchangers with plain fins and wave fins is studied incorporating the thermodynamic properties and the characteristics of fluid flow. The numerical simulations for the two fins in cryogenic conditions are earned out by employing a homogenous two-phase flow model with the CFD code ANSYS CFX. The heat transfer coefficients and the friction factor for nitrogen saturated vapor condensation process inside two types of plate fin heat exchanger are evaluated including the effects of saturation temperature (pressure), mass flow rate and inlet vapor quantity. The convective heat transfer coefficients and friction factors will be used for design of plate-fin type heat exchangers operating under cryogenic conditions.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2017

Because the running speed of vehicles is increasing and a shorter braking distance is required, high heat-resistant brake pads are needed to satisfy the requirements of customers and car makers. In the near future, hazardous materials such as Cu, Cr, Zn, and Sb will be restricted from use in friction materials. Ceramic composites reinforced by carbon fibers are good candidates for eco-friendly friction materials. In this study, we develop ceramic composite friction materials. The friction materials are composed of carbon fibers, Si, SiC, graphite, and phenol resin and are prepared by hot forming and heat treatment at high temperatures. The density, void ratio, and compressive strength are $1.59-1.66g/cm^3$, 16.6-20, and 70-90 MPa, respectively. Friction and wear tests are performed using a pin-on-plate-type reciprocating friction tester at 25, 100, and $200^{\circ}C$. The counterpart material is a CrMoV steel extracted from a KTX brake disc. Friction coefficient, wear amount, and wear mechanism are measured and examined. We determine that the friction coefficients depend on the temperature and the fluctuation of the friction coefficients is larger at higher temperatures. The amount of wear increases with the surface temperatures of the specimens. The tribological properties of the developed composites are similar to those of a Cu-based sintered friction material. Through this study, it is confirmed that ceramic composite materials can be used as friction materials.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.314-320
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• 1999

Friction and wear characteristics of phenolic resin-based friction materials reinforced with aramid pulp and potassium titanate were investigated using a pad-on-disk type friction tester. Friction characteristics such as friction stability, thermal stability, and wear rate varied according to the type of phenolic resins and the relative amount of aramid pulp and potassium titanate. The modified novolac resin-based friction materials showed better heat resistance and friction stability than those with the unmodified(straight) novolac resin. Compared with friction materials filled with potassium titanate or aramid pulp only, the friction materials reinforced with both aramid pulp and potassium titanate showed good friction stability and wear resistance. Increment of aramid pulp from 10 to 20 vol.% however, showed little difference in friction stability.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2007

마찰용접은 소재를 서로 마찰시켜 마찰열에 의해 용접하는 방법이다. 본 연구는 내부에 유동부를 갖는 부분을 마찰용접을 이용하여 용접했을 때 유체의 유동에 영향이 없는 유동부를 설계하는데 목적을 두고 있다. 용접부의 설계 변수를 결정하고 이에 대하여 마찰용접 해석을 DEFORM-2D를 이용하여 해석을 수행하였다. 마찰용접 해석을 수행하기 위해 온도변화에 따른 마찰계수와 업셋 압력, 소재의 분당회전수, 그리고 유동응력을 입력해 주었다. 해석결과에 따라서 유동에 영향이 없는 용접부의 최적형상을 결정하였다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회논문집C
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• pp.287-292
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• 2001

Under the condition of variable density and specific heat, maximum pressure, maximum temperature, bearing load, friction and side leakage in high-speed journal bearing operation are examined. The results are compared with the calculation results under the conditions of constant density and specific heat, and variable density and constant specific heat. It is found that the condition of variable density and specific heat play important roles in determining friction and load of journal bearing at high speed operation.