• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.472-477
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• 2013

An internet-based, real-time GPS synchronized wide-area power system frequency monitoring network(FNET) has been monitoring wide-area power system frequency in continuous time in the United States. This paper analyzes the FNET measurement to the verified disturbances in the US eastern interconnected power system and simulates it using the dynamic system model. By comparing the frequency measurements with its simulation results to the same disturbances in detail, this paper finds that the sequence of monitoring points to detect the frequency fluctuation caused by the disturbances is matched well in the measured data and the simulation results. The similarity comparison index is also proposed to quantify the similarity of the compared cases. The dynamic model based simulation result is expected to compensate for the lack of FNET measurement in its applications.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.6 no.6
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• pp.776-785
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• 2011

Since the Internet-based real-time Global Positioning System(GPS) synchronized widearea power system frequency monitoring network (FNET) was proposed in 2001, it has been monitoring the power system frequency in interconnected United States power systems and numerous interesting behaviors have been observed, including frequency excursion propagation. We address the consistency of a frequency excursion detection order of frequency disturbance recorders in FNET in relation to the same generation trip, as well as the ability to recreate by power systems dynamic simulation. We also propose a new method, as an application of FNET measurement, to locate a tripped generator using power systems dynamic simulation and wide-area frequency measurement. The simulation database of all the possible trips of generators in the interconnected power systems is created using the off-line power systems dynamic simulation. When FNET detects a sudden drop in the monitoring frequency, which is most likely due to a generation trip in power systems, the proposed algorithm locates a tripped generator by finding the best matching case of the measured frequency excursion in the simulation database in terms of the frequency drop detection order and the time of monitoring points.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1197-1220
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• 2014

Accurate actuator tracking is critical to achieve reliable real-time hybrid simulation results for earthquake engineering research. The frequency-domain evaluation approach provides an innovative way for more quantitative post-simulation evaluation of actuator tracking errors compared with existing time domain based techniques. Utilizing the Fast Fourier Transform the approach analyzes the actuator error in terms of amplitude and phrase errors. Existing application of the approach requires using the complete length of the experimental data. To improve the computational efficiency, two techniques including data decimation and frequency decimation are analyzed to reduce the amount of data involved in the frequency-domain evaluation. The presented study aims to enhance the computational efficiency of the approach in order to utilize it for future on-line actuator tracking evaluation. Both computational simulation and laboratory experimental results are analyzed and recommendations on the two decimation factors are provided based on the findings from this study.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.63 no.3
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• pp.169-177
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• 2014

Operation and control system has been installed and tested to use energy storage system(ESS) for frequency regulation at 4MW class of ESS demonstration facility installed at Jeju island, Korea in 2013. Simulation tests were performed by programing language C# for power system of Jeju island to develop control algorithm. Site simulation tests were performed in control system itself without connecting power system and energy storage system. Control algorithm was coded, modified and tested to load to controller and communication system and human-machine interface were developed and tested in the process of simulation tests. After similar results to that of simulation tests by programing language were obtained, power system and energy storage system demonstration facility were connected to control system by communication system. Energy storage system for frequency regulation was tested for actual frequency and simulation frequency. The site tests showed the similar results to that of simulation tests and the control systems is possible to be operated for frequency regulation. Faster response of energy storage system for frequency regulation, less costs and less capacity of energy storage systems which cover for frequency regulation of power plants. It is expected that more studies for time-reduction and time-delay elements can make less capacity of energy storage system cover more role of frequency regulation of power plants.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.16 no.1 s.94
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• pp.246-252
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• 1999

In this paper, the frequency response characteristics of the velocity controlled EHS system obtained by linear simulation method, nonlinear simulation method, and experimentation are compared one another, in order to verify propriety of the linearization method in case of analysis of hydraulic systems. The Bode diagrams are obtained by transforming time domain data of experimental results and nonlinear simulated ones with Fourier transform. The results of nonlinear simulation are more similar to the frequency response of the real systems than those of linear simulation. It is found that nonlinearity of hydraulic systems is mainly occurred from servo valve, and nonlinearity is increased as displacement of servo valve spool increases.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.63-65
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• 2001

To investigate the natural frequencies of curved piping systems with various elbow angles conveying flow fluid, a simulation is performed considering Initial tension due to the inside fluid. The system is analyzed by finite element method utilizing straight beam element. Elbow part is meshed using 4 elements, and the initial tension is considered by inserting equivalent terms into the stiffness matrix. Without considering the initial tension, the system becomes unstable, that is, the fundamental natural frequency approaches to zero value fast, as the flow velocity reaches critical value. With the initial tension terms, the system becomes stable where there is no abrupt decrease of the fundamental natural frequency. The change rate of the natural frequency with respect to the flow velocity reduces. As elbow angle increases, the system becomes stiffer, then around 150 degrees of the elbow angle the natural frequency has the largest value, the value decreases after the angle of the largest natural frequency. When angle is between 170 degrees and 179 degrees, the natural frequency is very sensitive. This means that small change of angle results in great change of natural frequency, which is expected to be utilized in the control of the natural frequency of the piping system conveying flow fluid.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.62 no.5
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• pp.631-642
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• 2017

Accurate actuator tracking plays an important role in real-time hybrid simulation (RTHS) to ensure accurate and reliable experimental results. Frequency-domain evaluation index (FEI) interprets actuator tracking into amplitude and phase errors thus providing a promising tool for quantitative assessment of real-time hybrid simulation results. Previous applications of FEI successfully evaluated actuator tracking over the entire duration of the tests. In this study, FEI with moving window technique is explored to provide post-experiment localized actuator tracking assessment. Both moving window with and without overlap are investigated through computational simulations. The challenge is discussed for Fourier Transform to satisfy both time domain and frequency resolution for selected length of moving window. The required data window length for accuracy is shown to depend on the natural frequency and structural nonlinearity as well as the ground motion input for both moving windows with and without overlap. Moving window without overlap shows better computational efficiency and has potential for future online evaluation. Moving window with overlap however requires much more computational efforts and is more suitable for post-experiment evaluation. Existing RTHS data from Network Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) is utilized to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. It is demonstrated that with proper window size, FEI with moving window techniques enable accurate localized evaluation of actuator tracking for real-time hybrid simulation.

• Journal of the Semiconductor & Display Technology
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.55-58
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• 2014

The next-generation AlGaN/GaN HEMT power devices need higher power at higher frequencies. To know the device characteristics, the simulation of those devices are made. This paper presents a simulation study on the DC and RF characteristics of AlGaN/GaN HEMT power devices. According to the reduction of gate length from $2.0{\mu}m$ to $0.1{\mu}m$, the simulation results show that the drain current at zero gate voltage increases, the gate capacitance decreases, and the maximum transconductance increases, and thus the cutoff frequency and the maximum oscillation frequency increase. The maximum oscillation frequency maintains higher than the cutoff frequency, which means that the devices are useful for power devices at very high frequencies.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.175-182
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• 2007

In this paper, a study on the reflector type frequency doubler, to suppress the undesired harmonics, is presented. A 12 to 24 GHz reflective frequency doubler is simulated and experimented. Design procedure of the frequency doubler with reflector is provided and the frequency doubler with good spectral purity is fabricated successfully. It has harmonic suppression of the $40{\sim}50\;dBc$ in the $1^{st}$ harmonic and the $50{\sim}60\;dB$ in the $3^{rd}$ harmonic with no additional filter. And, it has conversion gain with the input power of 0 dBm over bandwidth of 500 MHz. A NEC's ne71300(N) GaAs FET is used and the nonlinear model(EEFET3) using IC-CAP program is extracted for harmonic load pull simulation. Good agreement between simulated and measured results has been achieved.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.115-123
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• 1998

A simulation is performed to investigate the effect of the pipe supports on the change of the natural frequencies of curved pipe systems containing fluid flow, for different elbow angles and geometry of the pipe systems. Based upon the Hamilton's principle, the equations of motions are derived, and the finite element equation is constructed to solve the corresponding eigenvalue problem. The angles of elbows do not affect the change of the fundamental natural frequency, but affect the change of the third or higher natural frequencies. Without any support, the change of the fundamental natural frequency due to the geometric change is smaller than the change of the second or higher natural frequencies. The more curve parts exist in the pipe system, the less change of lower frequency range, compared with the change of higher frequency range, is observed. Spring supports can be used to reduce the fundamental natural frequency, without change of the second or higher natural frequencies. To avoid resonance, which is critically dangerous from the view point of structural dynamics, the mechanical properties such as stiffness or the location of pipe supports are need to be changed to isolate the natural frequencies from the frequency range of dominant vibration modes.