• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.67-75
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• 2002

The human complement receptor type 1 (CR 1, C3 b/C4b receptor) is a polymorphic membrane glycoprotein expressed on human erythrocytes, peripheral leukocytes, plasma and renal glomerular podocytes, which consists of transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains with 30 repeating homologous protein domains known as short consensus repeats (SCR). CR1 has been used as an inhibitor for inflammatory and immune system for the past several years. Recently; it is reported that CRl was found to suppress the hyper-acute rejection in xeno-transplantation and can be used to cure autoimmune diseases. A soluble form of CRl, called sCRl, is a recombinant CRl by cleaving the transmembrane domain at C-terminus and has been expressed in Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO) cells. Several purification methods for sCR1 from CHO cells have been reported, but most of them require complicated steps at high cost. Moreover, such methods are mostly performed under the pH condition apt to denaturing sCR1 and causes sCRl losing its activity. We here report a rapid and efficient method to purify sCR1 from CHO cell. The new method consists of a two-stage of cell culture by cultivating cells in serum medium followed by serum-free medium, and a two-stage of column purification by means of heparin and gel filtration column chromatography. By using this novel method, sCR1 can be purified in a simple and effective way with high yield and purity, furthermore, the purified sCR1 was confirmed to retain its activity to suppress the complement activation in vivo and ex vivo.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.231-243
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to investigate the variability of mulberry fruit products with the trend of increasing number of Mulberry farms and their fields. For this study, a survey on the number of usages of similar manufactured fruit products was conducted, and its results showed that 41.7% of industrial workers drink fruit products 3-6 times per week. The findings from the survey implies that industrial workers preferred the products in the order of syrup, frozen furee and jam while culinary students extracts, jam and syrup. Based on these research results, the primary product form of mulberry fruit for development would be syrup, sugar-free extracts and jam in order. As for bakery products, developing refrigeration products, bread and cake using mulberry fruit is highly required. When mulberry fruit products were used in food items, industrial workers and culinary students preferred vegetable and meat dishes, which means the necessity of developing dressings and sauces using mulberry fruit.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.201-230
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• 2008

While the constitutional states emerged in the period of the constitutional monarchies to protect freedom and property of citizens from a illegal trespass of monarchs, the passive role of the constitutional states to protect them was changed in the modern parliamentary democracy in which the state is to play an active role to realize the basic rights. Today the state giving chances and social benefits to citizens plays a very important role so that the people may to enjoy a free life as a citizen. In the modern parliamentary democracy the role of the state, therefore, is transformed form passive roles to active ones realizing the basic rights for citizens. The active role of the state to embody the basic rights asks the parliament to bear more the responsibility for making laws than ever before. In the modern welfare state social rights are also recognized as a basic right. In this sense the parliament should play a active role to realize the social rights. But the Korean parliament excessively turns over his legislative right on the basis of a delegated legislation to the Administration. It does not fulfill its responsibility for which the modern parliamentary democracy asks. To realize the social rights the Korean parliament should play a more active role.

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.66
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• pp.211-241
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• 2014

In the era of neoliberalism with high rate of youth unemployment, young college students are forced to believe that the only way to enter the job market is by accepting and participating temporary off-campus apprenticeship, which often disguised as an internship for the creative culture and knowledge. This article discusses that the mode of off-campus apprenticeship, which is supposed to voluntary and participatory, bears in fact a strong resemblance with digital labor. Based on a series of in-depth interviews with college students, this study argues that the apprentice-typed labor denotes a process by which immaterial labor or free labor coincides with self-directed job training. Throughout the digital labor processes young college students are in a constant oscillation between precarity and hope, negotiating their autonomy and social conditions in the neoliberal work environment. The digital labor accumulates students' knowledge and information as a form of commodity, which in turn supports communicative capitalism.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.91-105
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• 2005

This study investigates the meaning, the method of "Cultivation of the fundamental" as aim of child education in context of the Xing-Li-Xue(性理學) educational theory. Chu-hsi understood the meaning of "Cultivation of the fundamental" as Ching(敬, the cultivation of good nature in human mind). The method of "Cultivation of the fundamental" consists of quiet sitting(정좌), attention(주의집중), moral environment(도덕적 환경) and practicing propriety(예의 실습). Through quiet sitting and attention, learners may reach a condition of mind which is free of their selfish desires and in which they can find out their original nature. The education in Confucianism accepts the environment as a significant element in forming human personality. Making moral environment has leaners to take good value with ease. Characteristic of study in Xing-Li-Xue is to emphasize to observe concrete clauses of propriety. The reason why Xing-Li-Xue emphasizes propriety is that Mind Study may be maintained through Body Study. In conclusion, the "Cultivation of the fundamental" in the Xing-Li-Xue is to form the power to regulate selfish desires and thus behave more moderately. Along these points, not only quiet sitting which relexes the body and soul, but also song and dance are not considered as contrary to Xing-Li-Xue educational theory. The various ways of "Cultivation of the fundamental" of Xing-Li-Xue educational theory make people recognize, understand and experience good innate nature of human beings. And we can reach the conclusion that education of Xing-Li-Xue uses so many methods that learner can accept moral value as naturally as possible.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.677-697
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• 2010

This paper focuses on geometrically non-linear static analysis of a simply supported beam made of hyperelastic material subjected to a non-follower transversal uniformly distributed load. As it is known, the line of action of follower forces is affected by the deformation of the elastic system on which they act and therefore such forces are non-conservative. The material of the beam is assumed as isotropic and hyperelastic. Two types of simply supported beams are considered which have the following boundary conditions: 1) There is a pin at left end and a roller at right end of the beam (pinned-rolled beam). 2) Both ends of the beam are supported by pins (pinned-pinned beam). In this study, finite element model of the beam is constructed by using total Lagrangian finite element model of two dimensional continuum for a twelve-node quadratic element. The considered highly non-linear problem is solved by using incremental displacement-based finite element method in conjunction with Newton-Raphson iteration method. In order to use the solution procedures of Newton-Raphson type, there is need to linearized equilibrium equations, which can be achieved through the linearization of the principle of virtual work in its continuum form. In the study, the effect of the large deflections and rotations on the displacements and the normal stress and the shear stress distributions through the thickness of the beam is investigated in detail. It is known that in the failure analysis, the most important quantities are the principal normal stresses and the maximum shear stress. Therefore these stresses are investigated in detail. The convergence studies are performed for various numbers of finite elements. The effects of the geometric non-linearity and pinned-pinned and pinned-rolled support conditions on the displacements and on the stresses are investigated. By using a twelve-node quadratic element, the free boundary conditions are satisfied and very good stress diagrams are obtained. Also, some of the results of the total Lagrangian finite element model of two dimensional continuum for a twelve-node quadratic element are compared with the results of SAP2000 packet program. Numerical results show that geometrical nonlinearity plays very important role in the static responses of the beam.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.65-75
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• 2011

For the latest information and communication technology convergence with related technology to integrate all the systems has been developed in the form. In this era as well as the flow of the healthcare industry in recent years many studies on the development and application has been actively. Health IT in healthcare information systems that integrate information systems that have evolved rapidly in the direction to go, and in the future it is expected to do better acceleration. In this paper, state-led ubiquitous environment for building the hospital application system and IT application services are practical and Free in the integrated health information for the patient care service strengthening to integrated medical information system proposal and design do's and At the same time the establishment of integrated health information systems plans and operational challenges presented.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.561-574
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• 2009

Black has been the most important color of all since the ancient times when the recognition of black roused, as well as during most of the eras; and can especially be said as the main color which controlled the chronicles of fashion. The purpose of the study was to broaden the application of black color image make-up by inquiring into make-up design elemental characteristics of lines and textures, after classifying magazine illustrations and advertisement make-up images using black. The photos which made effective use of black among fashion illustrations, magazine advertisements after 2001 were classified in to each type, and make-up expression method and characteristics according to design element of each image type was analyzed. The conclusion of such study was the following. 'Erotic image' showed contrast effect between eye make-up and lip color by using pale tone or red color. 'Mannish image' emphasized form and texture of eyebrow by restraining the colors of eyelids with natural brown tone eye make-up; 'Modern image' expressed vague eyebrow to bring the sensation of the direction of eye shadow on eyelids and eye line as well as slant line to relief. 'Kitsch image' showed free and light imagery by creating unique hair style with various colors; expressing lips mostly with colors similar to skin tone or by restraining colors on lips. 'Decadence image' showed messy and foul sensation with unstandardized eye make-up and matt skin of shimmer, glossy and pale tone, also with black colored lips; 'Retro image' expressed reinterpretation of images from 1920${\sim}$1960 to contemporary styles.

• Journal of KIISE
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• v.43 no.9
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• pp.1026-1033
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• 2016

Path-finding on a grid map is a problem generally addressed in the fields of robotics, intelligent agents, and computer games. As technology advances, virtual game worlds tend to be represented more accurately and more realistically, resulting in an excessive increase in the number of grid tiles and in path-search time. In this study, we propose a path-finding algorithm that allows a prompt response to real-time queries by constructing a reduced state space and by precomputing all possible paths in an offline preprocessing stage. In the preprocessing stage, we vertically decompose free space on the grid map, construct a connectivity graph where nodes are the decomposed regions, and store paths between all pairs of nodes in matrix form. In the real-time query stage, we first find the nodes containing the query points and then retrieve the corresponding stored path. The proposed method is simulated for a set of maps that has been used as a benchmark for grid-based path finding. The simulation results show that the state space and the search time decrease significantly.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1341-1348
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• 2018

In this study, we propose a method for applying the image content to the exhibition space using projection mapping techniques. In a typical exhibition space, the artist exhibits works and displays them unilaterally and by using walls defined as screens. However, the new form of exhibition is not one-sided and changes in the way space is free from constraint. The purpose of the exhibition space is to use walls or various installations, which are elements of the exhibition space, as a key part of the exhibition rather than as a material for the spatial compartment. This type of display is a display element of space and you can enjoy the fun and excitement of the exhibition about the new environment. Various imaging techniques are required to construct an exhibition of images and spaces, among which edge blocking is not formed.