• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권5호
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• pp.459-467
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• 2019

In this paper, hyperbolic shear deformation theory is used for free vibration analysis of piezoelectric rectangular plate made of porous core. Various types of porosity distributions for the porous material is used. To obtain governing equations of motion, Hamilton's principle is used. The Navier's method is used to obtain numerical results of the problem in terms of significant parameters. One can conclude that free vibration responses are changed significantly with change of important parameters such as various porosities and dimensionless geometric parameters such as thickness to side length ratio and ratio of side lengths.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제48권5호
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• pp.72-83
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 화소들 간의 상관관계를 이용하여 가려진 얼굴 영상을 검출하고 복원하는 방법을 제안한다. 본 논문의 학습 단계에서는 기존에 이용된 주성분 분석법( PCA )의 변환 행렬 대신 상관계수를 계산하고, 테스트 단계에서는 학습 단계에서 구한 상관계수를 이용하여 가려진 얼굴 영역 검출 과정과 복원 과정을 수행한다. 검출된 영상과 복원된 영상은 실험을 통해 기존 방법과 비교한다. 실험 결과, 상관관계 방법에 의해 검출된 영상은 기존 주성분 분석법을 이용한 방법보다 가려진 얼굴 영역 및 주변 영역의 잡음이 적음을 확인하였다. 또한 복원된 얼굴 영상에서는 영상의 뭉개지는 현상이 줄어들었으며, 복원된 얼굴 영상의 가려진 부분과 가려지지 않은 부분과의 경계가 보다 매끄럽게 연결되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제23권10호
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• pp.1254-1264
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• 1999

A three-dimensional coupled turbulent fluid flow and solidification process were analyzed in a continuous casting process of a steel slab with Electromagnetic Brake(EMBR). A revised low-Reynolds number $k-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model was used to consider the turbulent effects. The enthalpy-porosity relation was employed to suppress the velocity within a mushy region. The electromagnetic field was described by Maxwell equations. Tile application of EMBR to the mold region results in the decrease of the transfer of superheat to the narrow face, the increase of temperature in free surface region and most liquid of submold region, and the higher temperature gradient near the solidifying shell. The increasing magnetic flux density effects mainly to the surface temperature of the solidifying shell of narrow face, hardly to the one of wide face. It is seen that in the presence of EMBR a thicker solidifying shell is obtained at the narrow face of the slab.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.97-110
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• 2017

Due to development of IT, various Internet services via the non-face-to-face are increasing rapidly. In the past, the resident registration numbers (RRN) was used a mean of personal identification, but the use of RRN is prohibited by the relevant laws, and the personal identification services using alternative means are activated. According to the prohibition policy of RRN, i-PIN service appeared as an alternative means to identify a person. However, the user's knowledge-based i-PIN service continues to cause fraudulent issuance, account hijacking, and fraud attempts due to hacking accidents. Due to these problems, the usage rate of i-PIN service which performs a nationwide free personal identification service, is rapidly decreasing. Therefore, this paper proposes a technical safety enhancement method for security enhancement in the i-PIN-based personal identification service. In order to strengthen the security of i-PIN, this paper analyzes the encryption key exposure, key exchange and i-PIN authentication model problems of i-PIN and suggests countermeasures. Through the proposed paper, the i-PIN can be expected to be used more effectively as a substitution of RRN by suggesting measures to enhance the safety of personal identification information. Secured personal identification services will enable safer online non-face-to-face transactions. By securing the technical, institutional, and administrative safety of the i-PIN service, the usage rate will gradually increase.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.53-71
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• 2014

The center of networking is moving toward mobile from PC based computing environment. The number of smartphone users are increasing rapidly today. One of the most popular smart phone applications is mobile SNS such as Kakao Story, Facebook, Twitter, Mobile Cyworld, etc. Mobile SNS means social network services based on mobile communication technology. This research focused on mobile SNS usage of married women who have not enough time for face-to-face communication with their friends to enhance their friendship. Married women in their 30s and 40s have lots of things to do like housework and caring their children. Mobile SNS would help their communication in aspect such of free of space and time. Through Mobile SNS married women can reinforce their personal relationship and self-esteem. Social Information Processing Theory (SIP) is an interpersonal communication theory developed by Walther(1992). Once established, online personal relationships may demonstrate the same relational dimensions and qualities as face-to-face relationships. The theory explains how people get to know one another online, without nonverbal cues, and how they develop and manage relationships in the computer-mediated environment. The result of empirical analysis indicates that marred women's Mobile SNS activities reinforce their personal relationship and self-esteem.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.191-197
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• 2022

This study aims to improve the machinability of gray cast irons in high speed cutting by using nonmetallic inclusions. In this research, small quantities of AL and Mg were added to conventional gray cast irons without influencing their mechanical characteristics and castability to investigate the effects of these nonmetallic inclusions in the gray cast irons on tool wear in high speed cutting. During the high speed turning of gray cast iron containing Al and Mg using a cermet tool, protective layers consisting of Al, Mg, Si, Mn, S and O were detected on the flank face and rake face of the tool, and flank and crater wear were significantly reduced compared to the turning of conventional gray cast iron and gray cast iron added with Al. The effect of inclusions on tool wear increased with increasing cutting speed, and flank and crater wear was the smallest at the cutting speed of 700m/min. Moreover, in face milling, the addition of Al and Mg drastically decreased the wear rate, and wear hardly progressed even in prolonged cutting length after initial wear. The amount of adhesion on tool faces increased as the cutting speed increased. This increase in cutting speed resulted in the formation of a thick protective layer and the reduction of tool wear. Furthermore, the addition of small amounts of Al and Mg prevented thermal cracks in the face milling of gray cast irons.

• 한국지역지리학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.173-182
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• 1996

본 연구는 경상남도 밀양군에 위치하는 천황산 talus에 대한 수 차례의 현지조사를 통하여 그것의 지형적 특성과 성인을 분석하여 보았으며 주된 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 연구지역의 talus는 한반도에서 흔히 볼 수 있는 talus와는 상이한 지형적 경관을 보여준다. 둘째, 암설의 입경과 talus의 규모 그리고 사면경사는 비교적 큰 편에 해당된다. 셋째, talus 형성의 전제 조건인 금애면은 완전히 평행후퇴하여 지금은 소멸되었다. 넷째, 연구지역의 talus는 지난 빙기의 주빙하적 기후환경하에서 생성된 각력의 암설들이 rock fall 상태로 금애면 아래에 집적되어 형성되었다. 다섯째, 급애면의 완전소멸로 현재는 더 이상 암설의 추가공급이 이루어지지 않고 있을 뿐만 아니라 구성암설의 이동성도 인정되지 않아 지형발달단계상 화석지형화 단계로 파악된다. 결국 이러한 지형적 경관의 특이성은 본 지형의 형성프로세서와 지형적 발달단계를 설명하는데 중요하며, talus의 유형 분류에 큰 도움을 줄 수 있다.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.30-34
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• 2016

In this paper, we report that selective etching on N-polar face by EC (electro-chemical)-etching effect on the reduction of bowing and strain of FS (free-standing)-GaN substrates. We applied the EC-etching to concave and convex type of FS-GaN substrates. After the EC-etching for FS-GaN, nano porous structure was formed on N-polar face of concave and convex type of FS-GaN. Consequently, the bowing in the convex type of FS-GaN substrate was decreased but the bowing in the concave type of FS-GaN substrate was increased. Furthermore, the FWHM (full width at half maximum) of (1 0 2) reflection for the convex type of FS-GaN was significantly decreased from 601 to 259 arcsec. In the case, we confirmed that the EC-etching method was very effective to reduce the bowing in the convex type of FS-GaN and the compressive stress in N-polar face of convex type of FS-GaN was fully released by Raman measurement.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.105-120
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• 2018

In this paper, the nonlinear free and forced vibration responses of sandwich nano-beams with three various functionally graded (FG) patterns of reinforced carbon nanotubes (CNTs) face-sheets are investigated. The sandwich nano-beam is resting on nonlinear Visco-elastic foundation and is subjected to thermal and electrical loads. The nonlinear governing equations of motion are derived for an Euler-Bernoulli beam based on Hamilton principle and von Karman nonlinear relation. To analyze nonlinear vibration, Galerkin's decomposition technique is employed to convert the governing partial differential equation (PDE) to a nonlinear ordinary differential equation (ODE). Furthermore, the Multiple Times Scale (MTS) method is employed to find approximate solution for the nonlinear time, frequency and forced responses of the sandwich nano-beam. Comparison between results of this paper and previous published paper shows that our numerical results are in good agreement with literature. In addition, the nonlinear frequency, force response and nonlinear damping time response is carefully studied. The influences of important parameters such as nonlocal parameter, volume fraction of the CNTs, different patterns of CNTs, length scale parameter, Visco-Pasternak foundation parameter, applied voltage, longitudinal magnetic field and temperature change are investigated on the various responses. One can conclude that frequency of FG-AV pattern is greater than other used patterns.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.27-40
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• 2018

The governing equations of motion are derived for analysis of a sandwich microbeam in this paper. The sandwich microbeam is including an elastic micro-core and two piezoelectric micro-face-sheets. The microbeam is subjected to transverse loads and two-dimensional electric potential. Higher-order sinusoidal shear deformation beam theory is used for description of displacement field. To account size dependency in governing equations of motion, strain gradient theory is used to mention higher-order stress and strains. An analytical approach for simply-supported sandwich microbeam with short-circuited electric potential is proposed. The numerical results indicate that various types of parameters such as foundation and material length scales have significant effects on the free vibration responses and dynamic results. Investigation on the influence of material length scales indicates that increase of both dimensionless material length scale parameters leads to significant changes of vibration and dynamic responses of microbeam.