• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1267-1270
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• 2021

In this paper, we propose a distributed routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) where mobile devices can be utilized as relays for communication between remote source-destination nodes. The objective of the proposed algorithm is to minimize the end-to-end communication delay caused by transmission failure with deep channel fading. In each hop, the node needs to select the next relaying node by considering a tradeoff relationship between the link stability and forward link distance. Based on such feature, we formulate the problem with partially observable Markov decision process (MDP) and apply deep reinforcement learning to derive effective routing strategy for the formulated MDP. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms other baseline schemes in terms of the average end-to-end delay.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.311-319
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• 2019

A hybrid free-space-optical/radio-frequency (FSO/RF) communication system is considered, with the help of amplify-and-forward (AF) relaying. We consider various weather conditions to investigate their effects on the system's performance. We begin by obtaining the cumulative distribution function and probability density function of the end-to-end signal-to-noise ratio for the AF dual-hop FSO communication system with RF backup link. Then, these results are used to derive closed-form expressions for the outage probability, average bit-error rate, and average ergodic capacity. The results show that the considered system efficiently employs the complementary nature of FSO and RF links, resulting in impressive performance improvements compared to non-hybrid systems.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.3 no.5
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• pp.365-373
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• 2019

This paper investigates the performance of a hybrid single input multiple output radio frequency/free-space optics (SIMO-RF/FSO) communication system. Each SIMO-RF link is modeled as an independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) Rayleigh distribution, while the FSO link follows a generalized $M{\acute{a}}laga$ (M) distribution. Considering the fixed gain amplify-and-forward (AF) relay and misalignment errors, novel expressions for the outage probability (OP), average bit error rate (ABER) and average capacity are derived. Numerical results show that atmospheric turbulence and misalignment errors can seriously impair the system performance, and the hybrid RF/FSO communication system using SIMO-RF links can greatly improve system performance. We also analyze system performance under different types of modulation schemes. Numerical results are verified by Monte Carlo simulations.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.26 no.11B
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• pp.1522-1533
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• 2001

In this paper, we handle the estimation method of the received $E_{b}l1_{o}$ for forward closed-loop power control in cdma2000 systems. The estimation of MS-received $E_{b}l1_{o}$ utilizes the symbols related to the forward power control subchannel transmission. The estimation of the received bit energy and noise variance is analyzed for the frequency-selective Rayleigh fading channel. In order to improve SIR (signal-to-interference), the estimation of the received bit energy is made by the coherent combining of the rake-fingers and received I/Q symbols. And, in this paper, we evaluate the performance of forward closed-loop power control according to the mobile speed and the power adjustment step size in terms of the bit error rate (BER) and power control error. Simulation results present the optimal power adjustment step sizes according to the mobile speeds.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.407-417
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• 2018

A novel family of Buck mode three-level direct ac converters with a high frequency link is proposed. These converters can transfer an unsteady high ac voltage with distortion into a regulated sinusoidal voltage with a low THD at the same frequency. The circuit configuration is constituted of a three-level converter, high frequency transformer, cycloconverter, as well as input and output filters. The topological family includes forward, push-pull, half-bridge, and full-bridge modes. In order to achieve a reliable three-level ac-ac conversion, and to overcome the surge voltage and surge current of the cycloconverter, a phase-shifted control strategy is introduced in this paper. A prototype is presented with experimental results to demonstrate that the proposed converters have five advantages including high frequency electrical isolation, lower voltage stress of the power switches, bi-directional power flow, low THD of the output voltage, and a higher input power factor.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.312-316
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• 2010

We describe in this paper how to facilitate ad hoc routing with a particle filter in a hostile radio environment for multi-hop wireless ad hoc networks that connect multi-robots. The proposed scheme increases a connection's throughput by exploiting alternative links without going through the procedure of route discovery when link failure happens among multi-robots' networking. The scheme is implemented by using a particle filter to find strongly connected nodes. The filter estimates the probability distribution function in a sample-based manner with N particles. The particles are associated with a weight which represents the probability of the corresponding node to be the node with the best link. At every step of the estimation, the weights of particles are calculated and particles are resampled based on the weights. Since a node with the strongest link status possesses the largest number of particles, we take this node to forward the packets.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.589-602
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• 1998

While ATM technology results in considerable advantages(less overhead, increased throughput) in an optical networks, It causes severe problems(single and burst error) when ATM is transmitted over an error-prone channel, such as wireless link. In this paper we describe our investigation on ATM over wireless network. we first evaluate performance of ATM data transmission over a wireless link. Secondly we analyze performance improvements of Forward Error Correction(FEC) or ARQ(Automatic Repeat reQuest) scheme applied to wireless ATM link and provide performance comparison between FEC and ARQ through the use of packet error rate and throughput. Lastly we suggest error control architecture to overcome the impact of the bit error characteristics of a wireless link on wireless ATM network.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.353-356
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• 2001

In WCDMA systems, it is difficult to use high level modulation schemes in Rayleigh fading channel. Components of Multipath interference give signals much inteferences. Multipath interference cancellation is one of the method to overcome this problem. In this paper, multistage PIC algorithm is used to verify a performance of multipath interference cancellation. It is algorithm gradually canceling the multipath interferences as a stage number is increases. In computer simulations, it is verified that multipath interference cancelation is necessary and using its algorithm give much better performances than not using.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.65-71
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• 1998

비균등 에러 보호에 의한 IMT-2000용 CDMA 순방향 링크의 성능개선 방법을 나타 내었다. 제안된 방법의 성능은 다경로 페이딩채널 및 BPSK변조에 대한 CS-ACELP 음성부 호화기 및 RCPC 채널부호화기를 이용하여 분석되었다. CS-ACELP 부호화기의 비트 에러 감도 정보에 근거한 연계성능분석 결과제안된 방법은 SEGSNR이 0.4∼1dB 개선되었다. 또 한 총전송율 및 전력제어비트를 펑처링하지 않고도 기존 구조를 유연성있게 변경 가능하다.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.173-175
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• 2005

Two-dimensional orthogonal variable spreading codes are presented for multiplexing of forward link in direct sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) multiple antennas system And the results of code generation and simulation of 2 dimensional orthogonal variable spreading factors on Jacket matrices are also be investigated. The bit error rate(BER) performance under a multi-user environment for the additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel demonstrated that the proposed scheme could provide flexible rates and lower correlation values