• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.763-780
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to develop the teaching & learning model to increase the key competencies in the university. For this, the researcher suggested the draft of teaching & learning model in the university based on literature analysis and survey for key competencies education to professors and students. After that, the draft of the model was revised through the formative test by experts. And then, the revised model was verified through delphi survey and a final model was fixed. As the result of this study, features of the final model are as follows. First, this study identified that a core values of teaching and learning model for the key competencies education in the university is reinforcement of learner's thinking skills and enhancement of field oriented on learning contents and reinforcement of professor's role as a mentor, a facilitator, a motivator, and an informant. Second, The core learning activity's process of the teaching and learning model for the key competencies education in the university consists of the following in order: team-building, exploring problem, gathering and analysing informations, arranging of leaning outcomes, comprehensive arrangement and self-examination.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.101-144
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• 2012

Students mostly precede their learning without any direct support of instructor in e-learning and mobile educational environment. Many useful strategies and tools to facilitate self-regulated learning behaviors in e-learning environment have been introduced, yet, the limit has been reached by only suggesting self-regulated strategies with visual information in the most researches. Accordingly, this research is intent to propose the sound design strategies that facilitate learner's self-regulated learning behaviors in mobile learning environment. To achieve the objective of the research, two research questions are presented. First, what are the sound design strategies that facilitate the self -regulated learning behaviors in mobile learning environment?. Second, what are the results of evaluating the developed sound design strategies in terms of facilitating self-regulated learning behaviors?. To solve these research questions, the literature reviews on characteristics of mobile learning, concepts and features of self-regulated learning and sound were done to establish the sound design strategies. Through formative research method targeting instructional designers, sound design strategies were modified and supplemented. The research to validate these was performed and to verify the effect of the derived sound design strategies, the usability test aimed at instructional designer and learners was conducted. The final sound design strategies through this research process were six general design strategies and the sixteen detailed strategies. This research is meaningful because this offers the basic research on sound information design which has been lacking and help upgrade the upper limit of instructional design which mainly focused on visual information in mobile learning environment that shows information in a small screen.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.164-177
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• 2022

Medical device usability evaluation refers to the evaluation of medical devices through actual users before the final prototype production is completed. IEC 62366, one of the international safety standards for electronic medical devices, is a standard that must be applied to obtain medical device licenses in major advanced countries such as Europe and the United States. In Korea, through the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety's notice, from January 2021, sequential application by grade has been implemented. In this study, 15 participant specialists were recruited through the Incheon G University Hospital Medical Device Convergence Center for formative evaluation during user suitability evaluation of the focused ultrasound stimulation system being developed by Icleo Co., Ltd., and the test was conducted through joint scenario development. . In the result of task performance, the performance rate was 90.67%, and after the completion of the performance, 86.67% of 'Easy user interface' and 94% of 'Identification/Readability/Understanding of information' questions in the participant survey results analysis by question. The response rate was above average.

• Archives of design research
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.95-103
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• 1998

During design thinking and developing, its idea into the real world, and we are under pattern recognition and gestalt principles of perceptual organization. Generally originality is a part of creativity which consists an integral factor of the designing. This is a study on the measure system for an ability of originality in design. It is reorganized that the OTLD(Originality Test of Line Drawing) is a measuring system for personal originality. In order to catch the development the thoughts, we presented 10 picture planes as stimuli (each picture plane contained 3-18 dots), recorded the tape displaying eye-mark trajectories and outputting the trajectories with EMR(Eye Mark Recorder), then found the process of visual sensation and perception. From the results of this study, we examined the relationships between connections and complexity of the objects on the picture plane, which could be transformed into some objective measuring parameters. We would suggest this OLTD as a measurement system for an ability of originality in design fields, but we couldn't find any reliability and validity for fine art fields.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

This study is to design and implement the synthetic courseware that covers repeating learning, individual teaching, and effective teaching-learning games by using multimedia authoring tool KAS for numerical data of computer science which is especially a little boring and difficult to understand through blackboard-based lesson for senior high school students. It also overcomes the drawbacks of the existing CAI focused on text and image by combining various kinds of media like image, animation and sound effects. Animation of numerical data in the fields of radix conversion makes it possible for learners to check the individual learning process and visual interest. So it comes to increase the effectiveness of learning. Whenever each chapter is finished. learners' understanding can be evaluated by formative test. Applicability test of the developed CAI in Eumsung Senior High School. is statistically evaluated as more effective than that of the blackboard-based lesson.

• Education of Primary School Mathematics
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• v.9 no.2 s.18
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• pp.89-105
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• 2005

The purposes of this study were to develop an effective teaching material for slow learners in mathematics and to investigate its effect. To achieve the first goal, several pre-used teaching material and the 7th national curriculum for elementary school mathematics were analyzed to set up a framework fur developing new teaching material. Using these developed framework and curriculum data, 370 units of lesson were developed from the 3rd grade to the 6th grade. To investigate the effect of the material, 3 slow learners (2 from the 5th and 1 from the 6th grade) were selected through diagnostic tests. Then supplementary lessons were administered after school to relieve their disability accordingly for seven months. During the lessons(lasted about 40 minutes), teacher observed the subjects in detail and .judged the teaming sequence and the learning pace. Through this observation and the test administered after the treatment, several conclusions were drawn as follow: First, the supplementary lessons using the developed teaching material helped slow learners understand mathematics and solve problems. Especially, the test scores gained on formative evaluation became higher. This might be caused by the material that enabled to relieve the disablement and the teaching method that aimed to give a meaningful mathematical experience. Second, the supplementary lessons affected positively to the affective domain of the slow learners. They convinced themselves to their mathematical ability and became active in their mathematics class. This was observed by researcher and the class teacher in their lessons. Positive attitude toward mathematics and their ability is quite important for mathematics learning especially fur slow learners in mathematics.

• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.264-275
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• 2003

The purpose of this study were to develop a smoking preventive education program for elementary students and evaluate it's effectiveness. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group with pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 62 who are attending elementary school(31 for each group), 2 different district elementary school. The subjects were matched by grade, similar in anti-smoking educational background of smoking, as well as their residence and income level of their families. The instruments used in this study was 18 criterion referenced test items modeled by Dick & Carey that were developed by researchers for evaluating the subjects' knowledge and attitude about smoking. A pretest was administered a week before treatment The program given to the experimental group is composed of the texts explaining the poisonous substances in tobacco, social and cultural harmfulness of smoking to the body and psychology, indirect smoking, smoking of pregnant women, motives of smoking, refusal skills of smoking; and for the subjects' understanding and the better results of study - pictures, role play, discussion, text through computer based multi-media, puzzle searching for hidden pictures, cross-word puzzle, and finally compensation. The data were collected for 50 days form mid- September to the end of October in the year of 2000, composed of formative evaluation, pre-test and summative evaluation via 2 sessions. Accordingly, the collected data were analysed by t-test, paired t-test, repeated measure ANOVA by the SAS program. This research summarize the findings as follows; 1. There was a significant difference in knowledge between the experimental group(after 1 wks t=10.4680, p=.0001; after 4 wks t= 9.310, p=.0001) and control group(after 1 wks t=0.0420, p= .9669; after 4 wks t= -0.378 p=.7079) in between the results of 1 and 4 week after education in summative evaluation (F=27.45, P=.0001). 2. There was non statistical significant difference in attitude between the experimental group (after 1 wks t=1.2292, p=0.2286 ; after 4 wks t=1.330, p=0.1935) and control group (after 1 wks t=0.1819, p=0.8569 ; after 4 wks t=0.2970, p=0.7685) in between the results of 1 and 4 week after education in summative evaluation(F=0.71, P=0.494). To sum up, the statistics of conclusive analysis evaluative for the children under school age of the 'knowledge acquisition' about smoking harmfulness. On the other hand, as there was already sound attitude about smoking, the evaluation of attitude was non significant difference between control group and experimental group, just there was partially significant difference.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.790-797
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the level-differentiated laboratory activities suggested by the 7th national curricula compared to the in-depth level activities only and supplementary level activities only. Two hundred 7th grade students attending a coed middle school were selected for this study and divided into three groups; level-differentiated, in-depth, and supplementary group. In each group, the students were subdivided into the in-depth level and the supplementary level by the formative test after completing the basic learning course. The in-depth and the supplementary laboratory activities were developed and engaged to the respective students in the level-differentiated group for one semester, while only the in-depth activities were engaged to the in-depth group and only the supplementary activities were engaged to the supplementary group. To examine the effects of treatments, the science knowledge test and the inquiry process skill test were administered before and after treatments and the students' opinions about the level-differentiated instruction were surveyed. The results showed that there were significant differences in the science knowledge achievements between the groups while no significant difference was found in the inquiry process skills. Post hoc analysis showed these differences were found between the level-differentiated group and the supplementary group. After the activities, most students in the level-differentiated group responded positively on doing level-differentiated activities except a few students in the supplementary level, These results justify the effectiveness of the level-differentiated laboratory activities compared to the supplementary only laboratory activities in middle school science classes.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.431-444
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• 2010

This research aims at developing a teachers' training program to reinforce teachers' capability to perform the action learning program. To accomplish this goal, the key value of the training program based on action learning, the process of the core learning activities, and the elements to support learners and facilitators respectively were deducted on the foundation of documentary research and case study, based on which, the program was developed through the formative test by professionals and application to the field. This research was applied to 105 middle or high school teachers, the participants of the in-service training on creative problem solving hosted by B metropolitan city for one week (30 hours) from 9 a.m. on Monday, January 25th, 2010 to 4 p.m. on Friday, January 29th. The result of this research is as follows. First, as for the key values of this study, (1) the team-based learning centered on the trainees, not lecturers-oriented, knowledge-transmitting training, is possible, (2)for each process, guidelines, related information, tools, and various kinds of media are supported just in time, and (3)a focus is given on fostering facilitators centered on teachers. Second, the process of the core learning activities of the teachers' training program based on action learning consists of the procedure of a prior lecture${\rightarrow}$break${\rightarrow}$investigation into problems${\rightarrow}$clarification of problems${\rightarrow}$drawing possible solutions${\rightarrow}$decision on the priority${\rightarrow}$making an action plan${\rightarrow}$performance${\rightarrow}$evaluation, and on each stage, the contents for the activities of teachers and learners and detailed supportive elements are offered.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.70-85
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• 2004

Objective: To research the trends of study related to rhinitis and acupuncture in PubMed, and to establish the hereafter direction of treating rhinitis with acupuncture Methods: We searched PubMed and chinese medical journals related to rhinitis and acupuncture. Results: 1. The pattern of the study was as follows: Review article(3), Randomized controlled trials(2), Clinical trial(11), Case report(12). 2. The effect of acupuncture on rhinitis is reported as follows: Acupucture treatment improves the scale of symptoms, nasal airways resistance and velocity of the mucociliary transport, decreasing absolute numbers of blood eosinophils, serum IgE and percentage of nasal eosinophils. Immunologically acupuncture treatment could reduce plasma IL-10 level, control IL-2, and balance between cell-specific pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-10. After acupuncture treatment, there is statistically significant changes in IgA, IgE, E-rosette formative rate. 3. Many of these article have affirmative view for therapeutic effect of rhinitis with acupuncture. Statistical test was done only in 6 papers. There showed statically significant results in 4 articles, and in 2 article there showed some clinical improvement but no statically significant changes. 4. In Western countries, alternative treatments are frequent among adults with rhinitis or other allergic disease, and affirmative tendency for acupuncture treatment is increased.