• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.133-135
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• 2008

Background and Objectives: The voice changes can occur in peritonsillar abscess and the labeling of this changes as a "muffled voice". The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in acoustic feature of voice before and after treatment in patients with peritonsillar abscess. Materials and Method: 12 patients with peritonsillar abscess were enrolled in the study. Acoustic analysis on sustained Korean vowels /a/, /i/ and /u/ were performed before and after treatment. Results: In patients with peritonsillar abscess, the first formant frequency (F1) and second formant frequency (F2) of /a/ were decreased. There was tendency of articulation of back-low vowel /a/ as back-high vowel /u/. F1 of /i/ and /u/ were increased, while F2 were decreased. There was tendency of articulation of front-high vowel /i/ as back-low vowel /a/. The third, forth, fifth formant frequency (F3, F4, F5) of /a/, /i/ and /u/ were decreased although statistically not significant. Conclusion: The anatomical and functional changes of oropharynx by peritonsillar abscess can cause changes in resonance and speech quality. We suggest that these changes could be the cause of 'muffled voice' in patients of peritonsillar abscess.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제10권9호
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• pp.193-198
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• 2019

본 연구는 근위축성측삭경화증(amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, ALS)으로 진단된 여성을 대상으로 음향음성학적 스펙트로그램 분석을 이용하여 11개월 동안 모음과 이중모음의 포먼트 변화(vowel formant variation)를 분석하였다. 검사어는 단모음 /a, i, u/와 이중모음 /h + ja + da/, /h + wi + da/, /h +ɰi+ da/를 이용하였다. 발화자료는 'Alvin' 프로그램을 이용하여 모니터에 제시된 단어읽기과제를 통해 수집되었고, 녹음환경은 nyquist frequency는 5,500Hz, sampling rate는 11,000Hz으로 설정하였다. 녹음자료는 스펙트로그램을 이용하여 강도, 음도와 이중모음의 포먼트를 분석하였다. 분석결과, ALS의 진행과정에서 기본주파수와 강도가 저하되었고, 단모음에서의 포먼트 변화보다는 이중모음의 포먼트 기울기의 감소가 특징으로 확인되었다. 이 결과는 병의 진행에 따른 ALS의 모음왜곡이 혀와 턱의 협응력 감소에 기인함을 시사한다.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-64
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• 2018

The purpose of the present study was to explore the radiological and acoustic characteristics of "Arae-a" (/${\cdot}$/) articulation in two male Jeju language speakers, focusing on selected measures in radiological images derived from computed tomography scans, as well as the first and the second formant measures in selected vowels. An elderly male speaker (a 78-year-old) and a young male speaker (a 34-year-old) participated in the study. During the production of four selected vowels, the shape of the vocal tract was identified, and selected measures were obtained from the elderly participant's computed tomography (CT) scans. For acoustic analysis, the participants were given a list of near-minimal pairs consisting of 112 words and asked to read them aloud. The results indicated that the "Arae-a" (/${\cdot}$/) articulation of the elderly speaker showed unique acoustic and radiological characteristics compared to other similar vowels, thus presenting substantial consistency with the descriptions of the "Hunminjeongeum Haeryebon." In contrast, the F1 and F2 measures of the young male's /${\cdot}$/ articulation were not distinguished from those of /ㅗ/. Current results, in part, support the scientific principles underlying the invention of "Arae-a," which reflects the shape of the vocal tract during production, and the necessity for further research.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.2203-2208
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• 2011

턱관절의 물리치료를 통한 훈련으로 모음 조음에 관여하는 구강 공명강을 증가시켜, 턱관절의 정상적인 발성패턴을 유지하도록 하여 턱관절장애 환자의 모음의 음향학적 특성 변화를 보고자 하였다. 연구 대상은 턱관절장애로 진단 받은 3명의 20~30대 성인 남자를 대상으로 하였다. 실험방법은 대상자간 중다기초선 설계를 이용하여 기초선 단계, 치료 단계, 유지 단계로 진행하였다. 치료는 한 회기를 30분으로 하여 주 3회 실시하였고 3회기를 한 평가단위로 5회의 중간평가를 실시하였다. 평가방법은 Praat 음성 분석프로그램을 이용하여 /ㅏ/ 모음의 연장 발성에 대한 제 1포먼트 주파수(F1), 제 2포먼트 주파수(F2) 그리고 기본주파수(F0)를 분석하였다. 물리치료를 통한 훈련 프로그램을 실시한 결과 턱관절장애 환자의 제 1포먼트 주파수(F1), 제 2포먼트 주파수(F2) 그리고 기본주파수(F0)는 치료 전 보다 증가하는 변화를 보였고, 이는 모음의 개구도와 관계된 제 1 포먼트 주파수(F1) 뿐만 아니라 모음의 전후설, 성대의 움직임과 관련이 있는 제 2포먼트 주파수(F2) 그리고 기본주파수(F0)의 변화도 함께 보임으로써 턱관절과 모음 및 음성 산출의 연관성을 보여주었다.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제52호
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• pp.61-84
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• 2004

This study investigates the Korean native speakers' English liquid perception and production. Perception and production experiments were each conducted twice before and after a short period of explicit learning process of phonetic characteristics of English liquids. The results showed that correlation between perception and production varied depending on factors. In both perception and production, word-final position was the most difficult, and cluster position was the easiest. A considerable improvement was observed in word-initial and medial positions in production, whereas no improvement was achieved in word-final position, especially in production. This study is also concerned with the formant structures of Korean native speakers' production of English liquids in order to see what acoustic features are highly correlated with Korean native speakers' production accuracy of English liquids. The results showed that F2 did not show a high correlation while F3 was a strong correlate of the production accuracy.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제62호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate and quantitatively describe the acoustic characteristics of current Korean monophthongs. Recordings were made of 33 men and 27 women producing the vowels /i, e, ${\epsilon}$, a, ${\partial}$, o, u, i/ in a carrier phrase "This character is ___." A listening test was conducted in which 19 participants judged each vowel. F1, F2, and F3 were measured from the vowels judged as intended vowels by more than 17 people from the listening test. Analysis of formant data shows some interesting results including the undeniable confirmation of the 7-vowel system in modern Korean. It turns out that quite different sounding Korean vowels and English vowels happen to have very similar formant measurements. Also the difference between "citation-form reading" vs. "natural utterance reading" is discussed.

• 음성과학
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2005

This study was an attempt to determine acoustic characteristics in myna bird's notes. Two myna birds' sounds imitating a normal male voice in his late 20's were sampled and analyzed. The analyses included the mean values of F1, F2, F3 and pitch contours. The results were as follows; First, there was a significan difference in the mean values of F1, F2, and F3 in isolatd vowel /a/ and /i/ between the myna birds' sounds and the human voice. However, there was no apparent difference in pitch contour of their formants. Second, there was a difference in pitch contour of their formants in their sentence ('hn-nyung-ha-se-yo?' meaning 'How are you?') production. Namely, the myna birds' pitch contour was located higher than that of the human's.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제67호
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• pp.33-60
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• 2008

The aim of this study is to show the differences in acoustic parameters between a pathological voice /a/ caused by vocal polyp and a normal voice /a/ produced after LMS (Laryngeal Microscopic Surgery). It was expected that voices of two kinds could be analyzed effectively in terms of HNR in specific frequency bands than in all frequency bands. For this study, 10 patients' voice were recorded before and after LMS and then were manipulated in terms of four acoustic parameter. It was found out that (a) frequency bands of 500Hz in the range of 1,000Hz to 4,000Hz were very useful to obtain HNR values; (b) frequency bands in the range of 1,248Hz to 5,500Hz on a log scale were very useful to obtain HNR values; (c) F0 dropped after LMS but not significantly; (d) the bandwidth of the second formant (B2) decreased significantly after LMS, while that of the first formant (B1) decreased after LMS but not significantly.

• 음성과학
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.201-214
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• 2002

In the Japanese language, there is a phonological contrast between not only initial stops, but also non initial in voiced and voiceless sounds. But in the Korean language, voiced sounds do not appear in the initial. Due to this, pronunciation of voiced sounds in the initial will be difficult for Korean. Through this research, I analyzed the minimal pairs by voiced/voiceless sounds of Japanese and Korean, and perception experiment in which Japanese listened to Korean speakers' pronunciations. Japanese pronunciations showed distinct acoustic differences between voiced and voiceless stops, especially in VOT. The duration of vowels after voiced stops was longer than that of voiceless ones. Vowel pitches after voiceless stops were higher. On the other hands, Korean showed three patterns of voiced sounds. There were-VOT values as native speakers, +VOT, and nasal formant tended to occur before prenasalized stops. Koreans pronounced voiceless sounds in strong aspirated, unaspirated, or tense sounds. Finally, Japanese judged sounds with not only -VOT values and prenasalized, but also with +VOT values as voiced. This suggests that we may not consider VOT values as the unique feature of voicing, and that such other phonetic characteristics as the following vowel lengthening should be included here.

• 음성과학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.193-206
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• 2001

The purpose of this experimental study was to investigate characteristics of English vowels uttered by Korean regional dialect speakers. Ten English mono-syllabic words, and eight Korean mono-syllabic words, were uttered six times by nine female graduate students from three areas: Seoul, Yongnam and Honam. Formant frequencies were measured from sound spectrograms made by the PC Quirer. Results showed that Seoul dialect speakers uttered English vowels more similar to those uttered by English native speakers than did the other dialect speakers. In particular, Yongnam dialect speakers have articulatory problems pronouncing the back vowels(/u/, /$\upsilon$/, /c/), while Honam dialect speakers have problems pronouncing the front vowels(/i/. /I/, /$\varepsilon$/, /$\ae$/). Even though each group has different problems pronouncing English vowels, Korean speakers generally have difficulty in discriminating tense vowels(/i/ and /u/) from the lax vowels(/I/ and /$\upsilon$/). It appears that the width of Korean speakers' articulatory movements is comparatively narrower than those of native English speakers.