• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
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• 2014.03a
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• pp.287-299
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• 2014

Bicarbonate anion ($HCO_3{^-}$) takes the role of major buffer systems in our body by maintaining the pH at 7.4. Epithelial $HCO_3{^-}$ secretion also hydrolyzes the mucus which protects body from noxious infections. It has been widely known that such infections are closely related to $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability through membrane and, thus, increasing the $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability is essential. To evaluate the $HCO_3{^-}$ permeability through ion channels, the free energy changes relevant to ion pumping are calculated with the Integral Equation Formalism-PCM (IEF-PCM) theory. Molecular structures of various anions including $HCO_3{^-}$ were optimized with the density functional theory at the level of B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) in gas and solution phase. In addition, the anion permeability is significantly influenced by the relative size of the anion and pore. We introduce a shifted volume factor model that describes the pore size effect when the charged solutes transfer through ion channels. We found excellent agreement between experimental and calculated permeability when our novel model of the size effect was taken into account to.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.55-63
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• 2008

I Previous scrolling-shooter games cannot represent various emotions of characters as a personality and situations, so it can only represent simple and momentary emotions. This paper purpose to develop and applying an artificial emotion which gives emotional responses and actions to character as a personality and situations of a character. So we proposed an artificial emotion that receives emotional stimulus, analyzes what emotion will be generated, controls various emotions by a personality and time, and exports a current emotion. To visualize and to test an artificial emotion, We made a scrolling shooter game which has two characters who have a different personality each other. And we applied an artificial emotion to that game, modified it to be able to change status as emotions. To estimate a satisfaction of a artificial emotion for a scrolling-shooter game, we made up a question to two groups-one has people who likes a scrolling shooter game, the other has people who doesn't.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.1096-1113
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• 1992

분자구조, 동력학, 그리고 분자들의 화학분응에 관한 정확한 지식은 분자들의 기능과 성질을 이해하는 데 중요한 정보를 제공한다. 2D NMR 분광법의 개발은 용액상의 분자들에 관한 이러한 의문을 해결하는 데 결정적인 역할을 하게 되었다. 그동안 아주 다양한 NMR기술들이 개발되어 왔으며 현재 그들에 대한 이용이 활발하게 진행되고 있다. 그러나 성공적인 2D NMR 분광법의 적용을 위해서는 적당한 기계뿐만 아니라 실험실의 정확한 선택 및 최적 조건의 변수들을 선택해야 하며 스펙트럼의 세밀하고도 정확한 해석을 필요로 한다. 곱연산자 방식(product operator formalism)의 도입은 펄스 FT NMR 분광학을 정성, 정량적으로 이해하도록 하는 것을 가능케 했으며, 이번 해설은 연속적으로 주어지는 펄스의 이해를 위해서 필요로 하는 상의 순환(phase cycle) 및 곱연산자 방식을 이용하여 다양한 2D NMR 기술의 이해를 돕고, 분석기기로서 2D NMR 분광법이 널리 사용 및 활용되어지고자 하는 데 목적이 있다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.81-86
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• 1997

It is proposed, for fuzzy combustion control system of refuse incinerator to find the relationship between inputs and outputs and to generate rules to control by using rough set theory. It is not easy to find out the corresponding inputs for each output and the control rules with incomplete or imprecise information consisting expert knowledge, process and manipulator values in the field, and operation manual for the given system. Most decision problems can be formulated employing decision table formalism. A decision table on fuzzy combustion control system for refuse incinerator is simplified and produces control(rules). The I/O realtions and the control rules found by rough set theory are compared with the previous result.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.43-54
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• 2004

Studies of Internet algorithms or policies require experiments on the real large-scale networks. But practical problems with large real networks make them difficult. Instead many researchers use simulations on the Internet topology models. So, It is Important that study about topology model that reflect characteristic of the internet exactly. We propose new topology model which reflect of hierarchical network and addition, removal of nodes and accompanied change of topologies. In the modeling scheme for network generation, we applied DEVS formalism and analyzed the topologies generated by our algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.21-29
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• 2004

The major objective of this paper is to analyze network vulnerabilities using the SIMVA (SIMualtion-based Vulnerability Analyzer). SIMVA is capable of monitor network status and analyze vulnerabilities automatically. To do this, we have employed the advanced modeling and simulation concepts such as SES/MB (System Entity Structure / Model Base) framework, DEVS (Discrete Event System Specification) formalism, and experimental frame for developing network security models and simulation-based analysis of vulnerability. SIMVA can analyze static vulnerability as well as dynamic vulnerability consistently and quantitatively. In this paper, we verified and tested the capability of application of SIMVA by slammer worm attack scenario.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.979-984
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• 2008

In this study, 8 solutes (aniline, caffeine, p-cresol, ethyl benzene, methylparaben, phenol, pyridine, and toluene) have been tested in terms of linear solvation energy relationships (LSER). Several micellar liquid chromatography (MLC) systems using cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and a mixture of water with (methanol, n-propanol, and n-butanol) modifiers were characterized using the LSER solvation parameter model. The effects of the surfactant and modifier concentration on the retention in MLC were discussed. LSER model had demonstrated high potential to predict retention factors with high squared correlation coefficients ($r^2$ > 0.99). A comparison of predicted and experimental retention factors suggests that LSER formalism is able to reproduce adequately the experimental retention factors of the solutes studied in the different experimental conditions investigated. This model is a helpful tool to understand the solute-surfactant interactions and evaluate the retention characteristic of micellar liquid chromatography.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1995 no.05
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• pp.155-159
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• 1995

A design method that can easily construct intelligent patient monitoring systems is proposed. To achieve the design method, the SES/MB concept and a discrete event-based logic control formalism based on a set theory is introduced. In this control paradigm the controller expects to receive confirming sensor responses to its control commands within definite time windows determined by DEVS model of the system under control. Because data to be used for rule-based symbolic reasoning are to be abstracted, several AI methods are applied the processes. These methods are applied to intelligent patient monitoring systems so that they facilitate transformation from low level raw data to high level linguistic data. Model-based system representations have advantages of reusability, extensibility, flexsibility, independent testability and encapsulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Biophysical Society Conference
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• 2003.06a
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• pp.26-26
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• 2003

The backbone dynamics of ketosteroid isomerase, a homodimeric enzyme with 125 amino acid residues per subunit, has been studied in the presence/absence of a steroid ligand and 5％ trifluoroethanol (TFE) by $^{15}$ M relaxation measurements. The relaxation data were analyzed using the model-free formalism to extract the model-free parameters (S$^2$, $\tau$$_{e}$, and R$_{ex}$ ). The results show that a large number of the residues, particularly those involved in the dimer interaction, exhibit reduced order parameters (S$^2$) in the steroid-bound enzyme, indicating the increased high-frequency (pico- to nanosecond) motions in the interface region upon ligand binding. The results also show that that the presence of 5 ％ TFE in free enzyme causes little change or slight increase in the order parameters for a number of residues in the dimer interface region. However, the majority of the residues in free enzyme exhibit reduced order parameters in the presence of 5 ％ TFE, indicating that the increase in entropy is partially responsible for the increased stability of KSI by 5％ TFE.E.E.

• Journal of the Korea Society for Simulation
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.43-53
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• 2004

The distributed OCSP (Online Certificate Status Protocol), composed of multiple responders, is a model that enhances the utilization of each responder and reduces the response time. In a multi-user distributed environment, load balancing mechanism must be developed for the improvement of the performance of the whole system. Conservative load balancing algorithms often ignore the communication cost of gathering the information of responders. As the number of request is increased, however, fail to consider the communication cost may cause serious problems since the communication time is too large to disregard. We propose an adaptive load balancing algorithm and evaluate the effectiveness by performing modeling and simulation. The principal advantage of new algorithm is in their simplicity: there is no need to maintain and process system state information. We evaluated the quality of load balancing achieved by the new algorithm by comparing the queue size of responders and analyzing the utilization of these responders. The simulation results show how efficiently load balancing is done with the new algorithm.