• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.416-419
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• 2003

The cellular neural networks have the circuit structure that differs from the form of general neural network. It consists of an array of the same cell which is a simple processing element, and each of the cells has local connectivity and space invariant template property. In this paper, time-multiplex image processing technique is applied for processing large images using small size CNN cell block, and we simulate the edge detection of a large image using the simulator implemented with a c program and matlab model. A 5$\times$5 CNN hardware and pre post processor is also implemented and is under test.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.139-149
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• 2011

This study focuses on design tendencies in office buildings of public institutions after tightening up Korea's building energy performance criteria. Important office design criteria and recommendations pay attention to the issues such as building orientation, greening buildings, building form, space and envelop by intensifying building energy performance related laws, government guidelines and evaluation systems. The design tendencies explored in this research are as follows. Office buildings mainly face south and have various types of indoor and roof green spaces not for ecological reasons but for the rest. Building depth becomes thinner and atria are inserted into office buildings to improve daylighting and natural ventilation. Building cores are located on north or west and east sides acting as buffer spaces to reduce heat loss and to block solar radiation. Office building envelop design includes various creative ideas to control or utilize solar energy as like three dimensional or double structured skin and window size variation to cope with the intensity of solar radiation. Further, solar energy generation systems are integrated with building component such as roofs, sun screens and windows. This study demonstrates that government's reinforcement of the building energy performance criteria drives the change in design methods and approach.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.620-626
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• 2007

The main objective of this study is to analyze setback patterns of the super-highrise residential buildings in respect to the formal variations of the floor plans. Along with the illumination of the definition of setback, the early part of the paper attempts to establish criteria for the analysis of the setback cases. The research of 38 setback floor plans as well as the typical floor plans of 17 super-highrise buildings carried out through analysis criterions under three categories; physical features, primary causes, and formal types of setback. The result shows a method of evaluating setbacks and setback's potentials in designing the super-highrise buildings for the variation of building form, size, and type.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.132-137
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• 2010

Site-specific N application for corn is one of the precision crop management. To implement the site-specific N application, various nitrogen stress sensing methods, including aerial image, tissue analysis, soil sampling analysis, and SPAD meter readings, have been used. Use of side-dressing, an efficient nitrogen application method than a uniform application in either late fall or early spring, relies mainly on the capability of nitrogen deficiency detection. This paper presents map-based variable rate nitrogen application based using a multi-spectral corn nitrogen deficiency(CND) sensor. This sensor assess the nitrogen stress by means of the estimated SPAD reading calculated from the corn leave reflectance. The estimated SPAD value from the CND sensor system and location information form DGPS of each field block was combined into the field map using a ArcView program. Then this map was converted into a raster file for a map-based variable rate application software. The relative SPAD (RSPAD = SPAD over reference SPAD) was investigated 2 weeks after the treatments. The results showed that the map-based variable rate application system was feasible.

• Rapid Communication in Photoscience
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.70-72
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• 2015

Oligomers of p-phenylene vinylene and its derivatives have drawn much attention due to their unusual emission characteristics of showing increased emission when they form into nanoparticles. We have investigated the optical properties of the oligo-(p-phenylene vinylene) and its cyano-substituted derivatives in solution and in nanoaggregate media by femtosecond and picosecond time resolved fluorescence as well as stationary spectroscopies. All the spectroscopic data are consistent with the conclusion that the cyano substitution on the ${\beta}$-position of oligo-(p-phenylene vinylene) leads to breakage of the otherwise planar structure of cyano-unsubstituted molecules, which opens up an extremely efficient, as fast as 100 fs, non-radiative relaxation channel of the excited state. Formation of the nanoaggregates reverts the effect to make the molecules planar and to block the non-radiative relaxation channel. Therefore, concerning the applications in organic electroluminescent devices and organic light emitting diodes, substitution by the cyano group is not advantageous, although such modification should be useful in respect of controlling fluorescence intensity in different media.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.619-625
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• 2010

The purpose of this research is to analyze the shapes of blouse with above-elbow sleeves according to arm movements. The shapes include five types of the arm movement(basic posture, reach forward 45, 90, and reach lateral 45, 90) in the stand-posture, which were made by different adaptability of clothes. Experiments were conducted to figure out the dressed shape through 3-D measurement Vivid 910, and also to investigate the area of the shape of sleeves on the section map and the diagonal length of the block made by the basic section line in lateral part of sleeve with Rapid Form 2004, a software for 3-D shape analysis. The Data were analyzed by factor analysis, Anova, Duncan test, t-test. The results of this study were as follows: First, the area of sleeve was briefed 3 factor; front, center, back in sleeve. Second, there were different effect of arm movement, section level and part of shapes in the area of sleeve. Third, the diagonal length was briefed 4 factor; back, back-center, front-center, front. Forth, after t-test, there were statistically significant between the reach forward and lateral and between the angles of arm reach.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.267-275
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• 1987

This paper concerns a study on the theory of tearing which analyzes a large scale network by partitioning it into a number of small subnetworks by cutting through some of the existing nodes and branches in the network. By considering of the relationship its voltage and current of node cutting before and after, the consititutive equations of tearing method is equvalent to renumbering the nodes of untorn network equations. Therefore the analysis of network is conveniently applied as same algorithm that is used in untorn network. Also the proposed nodal admittnace matrix is put in block diagonal form, therefore this method permit parallel processing analysis of subnetworks. 30 nodes network was tested and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm was proved.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.473-481
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• 2007

Energy efficiency is one of the most critical concerns for wireless sensor networks. By allowing sensor nodes in close proximity to cooperate in transmission to form a virtual multiple-input multiple-output(MIMO) system, recent progress in wireless MIMO communications can be exploited to boost the system throughput, or equivalently reduce the energy consumption for the same throughput and BER target. However, these cooperative transmission strategies may incur additional energy cost and system overhead. In this paper, assuming that data collectors are equipped with antenna arrays and superior processing capability, energy efficiency of relevant traditional and cooperative transmission strategies: Single-input-multiple-output(SIMO), space-time block coding(STBC), and spatial multiplexing(SM) are studied. Analysis in the wideband regime reveals that, while receive diversity introduces significant improvement in both energy efficiency and spectral efficiency, further improvement due to the transmit diversity of STBC is limited, as opposed to the superiority of the SM scheme especially for non-trivial spectral efficiency. These observations are further confirmed in our analysis of more realistic systems with limited bandwidth, finite constellation sizes, and a target error rate. Based on this analysis, general guidelines are presented for optimal transmission strategy selection in system level and link level, aiming at minimum energy consumption while meeting different requirements. The proposed selection rules, especially those based on system-level metrics, are easy to implement for sensor applications. The framework provided here may also be readily extended to other scenarios or applications.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.80-86
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• 1994

The bioavailability of digoxin generic tablets manufactures in Korea (formulations A & B) wwere compared to a standard (formulation C; Lanoxin brand digoxin, Burroughs Wellcome, USA) in 12 healthy Korean male volunteers (mean age 31.4 years) in a single dose, randomized, complete block crossover study. Using a latin square design, each of the subjects was randomized to the order number and allocated to each of the three treatments of 0.5mg oral digoxin. Digoxin conc4ntrations in serum and urine samples collected for 48 hours after dosing were measured by fluoprescence polarization immunoassy and radioimmunoassy, respectively. Treatments were compared by using nonlinear least squares regession analysis to evaluate the following pharmacokinetic parameters : maximum serum concentation $(C_{max})$; time of maximum serum concentation $(T_{max})$; area under the serum concentration-time curve $AUC_{0-12}$, $C_{max}$\;and\;(AUC_{0-12})$; and cummulative urinary excretion for 0-48 hours $(CLE_{0-48}.\;Mean\;AUC_{0-12},\;C_{max},\;and\;CUE_{0-48}$ values for formulations B and C were significantly different from formulation A (P<0.001), but not significantly diffeerent form each other. Basede on $AUL_{0-12}\;and\;CUE_{0-48}$ respectively, the relative availability of formulation B was 87.5% and 89.6% and the relative availability of formultation A was 43% and 35% when compared to formulation C(the standard).

• Macromolecular Research
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.676-681
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• 2008

The $\pi$-complex membranes of poly(styrene-b-(ethylene-co-butylene)-b-styrene) (SEBS) of two silver salts of $AgBF_4$ and $AgCF_3SO_3$ were prepared and tested for the separation of the propylene/propane mixtures. The Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra of these complexes showed that the silver salts were dissolved in SEBS up to a silver mole fraction of 0.14, due to $\pi$-complexation between the aromatic C=C bonds of styrene blocks and silver ions. Above this solubility limit, ion pairs and high-order ionic aggregates began to form, so that silver salts were distributed unselectively in both the EB and PS blocks. The domain size of the PS blocks was enlarged up to this critical concentration with increasing silver concentration without structural transitions, as confirmed by small angle x-ray scattering (SAXS). These structural properties of the SEBS/silver salt complexes may explain the lower separation properties for propylene/propane mixtures compared to poly(styrene-b-butadiene-b-styrene)(SBS)/silver salt complex membranes.