• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 1987

Forestry as with all land matters, under the Constitution, is a State matter. Thus the States, numbering 14, have considerable autonomy in decisions on forestry and related matters. However, the Federal Government, having jurisdiction over such issues as defence, education and research, endeavours to coordinate, standardise and advise the States on matters where the States have jurisdiction. However, forestry being a major revenue earner, is jealously guarded by the States. Under such circumstances and recognising the interdependencies of impacts of decisions at the State level, the institutional organisations play an important role in coordinating state activities to ensure that the benefits to the country as a whole are not sacrificed in favour of interests of individual state. Various legislative mechanisms have been established to ensure this coordinated effort. A National Forestry Council forms the apex of national political coordination. The Federal Forestry Department is responsible for coordination of developmental activities at the State level, which are implemented be the State Forestry Departments within Peninsular Malaysia. Research is carried out centrally by the Forest Research Institute of Malaysia(FRIM), a statutory body formed in 1985 from a research division of the Forestry Department. The Stares of Sabah and Sarawak have their own Forestry Departments, independent of the Federal Department, and each with its own research unit independent of FRIM. Tertiary education in forestry is the sole responsibility of the Agricultural University at Serdang with a campus for Diploma level training in Sarawak. In the developmental area in the State of Sabah, institutions have been formed to focus on specific areas of activities. The Sabah Foundation is responsible for the long term development of the State forests with a concession of about one million ha. Sabah Forest Development Authority(SAFODA) was formed to carry out reforestation of denuded areas. Sabah Forest Industries Ltd.(SFI) is responsible for the country's only integrated pulp and paper industry with its own afforestation program to support its resource supply. In Peninsular Malaysia various states have established State Corporations to manage large "sustained yield" concessions. While wildlife and state parks are managed by the respective forestry departments in Sabah and Sarawak, it is the responsibility of a separate department in Peninsula Malaysia called the Department of Wildlife and National Parks(under the Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment). Timber trade legislation and promotion in the Peninsular is the responsibility of the Malaysian Timber Industries Board(MTIB) for Peninsular Malaysia and the Sarawak Timber Industries Development Corporation(STIDC) in Sarawak. In the area of NGOs ; the Institute of Foresters Malaysia, is the professional body of forestry in the country. A Malaysian Forestry Society caters for the public participation and interest. Other environmentally related NGOs such as the Malayan Nature Society, the Environmental Protection Society, World Wildlife Fund, Friends of the Earth and the Consumers Associations also involve themselves in specific forestry activities. A number of timber trade associations are also formed by the private sector to assist the industries.

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2009

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.51-60
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• 1980

• Food Industry And Nutrition
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-14
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• 1996

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2009

Zoysiagrass (Zoysia japonica) is one of the important turfgrass species. Extending green period of zoysiagrass via delaying leaf senescence will make this species have more potential in the turfgrass industry. In this study, we found that zoysiagrass seedlings treated with $GA_3$ could delay the leaf senescence induced by darkness. To study expression of genes responsive to staying green in zoysiagrass, suppression subtractive hybridization (SSH) was used to identify differentially expressed genes between non-$non-GA_3-treated$ and $GA_3-treated$ seedlings subjected to darkness. A total of 307 ESTs were generated, of which 226 ESTs clustered into 54 contigs and 81 were singlets. Differentially expressed genes selected by subtractions were classified into six categories according to their putative functions generated by BLAST analysis. Expression of five selected genes, Met, SAM, V-ATPase, Cry (Cryptochrome gene), and An (diphthine synthase gene) were examined by RT-PCR and Real-time PCR. Both RT-PCR and Real-time PCR results demonstrated that the differential expressions of these genes were attributable to delaying senescence by exogenously applied gibberellic acid. This is the first genome-wide study of senescence in a species of turfgrass.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2009

Mountain Pine Beetle (MPB) attacked pine was evaluated for pulp quality, chemical and physical properties, and bleachability. Chemical analyses showed that the dehydroabietic acid and total acetone extractives content were higher in the year 3 (grey) attacked MPB chips and lower in the year 5 (grey) attacked MPB chips as compared to a typical SPF (spruce/pine/fir) reference. Lignin and carbohydrate content of the MPB wood chips were comparable to the SPF. Similarly, there was little difference in kappa number, pulp yield and liquor consumption between the 3 and 5 year MPB attacked wood. Likewise there was no significant difference in the resulting tear strength, burst, or tensile strength. There appeared to be an improved bleaching response in the MPB attacked pulp as compared to the SPF reference, but this was accompanied by a slightly lower bleached pulp yield and higher bleach filtrate COD and solids content.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.36 no.5 s.108
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• pp.62-68
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• 2004

The amount of non-lignin components in unbleached and oxygen-delignified kraft pulps and their impact on lignin determinations was investigated. The lignin analyses investigated were kappa number and Klason lignin in conjunction with acid-soluble lignin. The species investigated were loblolly pine, and aspen. The non-lignin components that impacted on lignin determination were residual extractives and hexenuronic acid in unbleached and oxygen-delignified kraft pulps. In the hardwoods, significant amounts of extractives remained after kraft pulping and oxygen delignification. These residual extractives in the hardwood pulps had an impact on the lignin determination, more so on the acid lignin method than kappa number. Hexenuronic acid only impacts on kappa number determination both softwood and hardwood pulps, not on acid lignin. Hexeneuronic acid contributed as lignin content more in aspen than pine pulps, and more in oxygen-delignified than unbleached kraft pulps. Impact of hexenuronic acid on should be corrected both softwood and hardwood pulps for accurate kappa number.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.14-25
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• 2000

In this investigation, a wavelet transform analysis was used to decompose beta-radiographic formation images into spectral and spatial components. Conventional formation analysis may use spectral analysis, based on Fourier transformation or variance vs. zone size, to describe the grammage distribution of features such as flocs, streaks and mean fiber orientation. However, these methods have limited utility for the analysis of statistically stationary data sets where variance is not uniform with position, e.g. paper machine CD profiles (especially those that contain streaks). A continuous wavelet transform was used to analyze formation data arrays obtained from radiographic imaging of handsheets and cross machine paper samples. The response of the analytical method to grammage, floc size distribution, mean fiber orientation an sensitivity to feature localization were assessed. From wavelet analysis, the change in scale of grammage variation as a function of position was used to demonstrate regular and isolated differences in the formed structure.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.74-80
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• 2005

The compositions of residual extractives in woodmeal, unbleached and oxygen-delignified aspen kraft pulps were investigated with gas chromatography(GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) with focus on fate of extractives in kraft pulping and oxygen delignification. Steryl esters and shorter retention time (shorter than palmitic acid) extractives were main extractives in aspen woodmeal. Shorter retention time extractives were well removed in kraft pulping. Sterol esters were hydrolyzed to sterols and fatty acids. Sterols and fatty acids were two major extractives classes in unbleached kraft pulps. Linoleic acid was main fatty acids in unbleached pulps compared with palmitic acid which is generally found in aspen woodmeal. Sterolsand fatty acids were also two major extractives classes in oxygen-delignified kraft pulps. However, linoleic acid was well removed in oxygen delignification.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 2024

Among Japan's agriculture, forestry, fisheries and regional revitalization plans established in June 2018, the key matters related to aquaculture include ① a new perspective on the sponge use system for the development of aquaculture and coastal fisheries, ② a comprehensive strategy for growth and industrialization of aquaculture, and ③ expansion of suitable aquaculture areas. There are four countermeasures including ④ research and development trends. In accordance with these key points, the Japanese government established a comprehensive strategy for aquaculture growth and industrialization by strategically setting aquaculture items in consideration of domestic and international demand, establishing a comprehensive strategy from production to sales and export, and then working in earnest to promote the aquaculture industry. This study analyzes environmental changes surrounding aquaculture in Japan and trends in fish farming and marine products, and summarizes the key points of the June 2018 Agriculture, Forestry, Fisheries and Regional Revitalization Plan to suggest measures that can be utilized in Korea's aquaculture policy.