• The Journal of shipping and logistics
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.677-694
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• 2018

The ocean is a unique space for exchange with the city, forming an organic relationship between people and waterfront areas. The marine healing industry improves quality of life through medical care and well-being, and creates added value by combining with the medical industry. The policy analysis results are as follows. First, the marine healing industry is the newest high-growth area. Furthermore, a professional medical service hospital is the first priority. This will include the development of marine healing facilities and strengthening forest healing connectivity, emphasizing the development of highly specialized medical technologies. The second priority is value creation in marine healing specialization, accompanied by an integrated and systematic policy for research and development of new medicines in marine healing effects. It is also important to apply new market trends and develop applied marine healing service programs. Thirdly, it is necessary to explore the possibility of a fragmented market for policy development.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.766-773
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• 2021

This paper presents an implementation result and performance evaluation of pavilion management services that does not only provide real-time status of the pavilion in the forest but also prediction services through machine learning. The developed hardware prototype detects whether the pavilion is occupied using a motion detection sensor and then sends it to a cloud database along with location information, date and time, temperature, and humidity data. The real-time usage status of the collected data is provided to the user's mobile application. The performance evaluation confirms that the average response time from the hardware module to the applications was 1.9 seconds. The accuracy was 99%. In addition, we implemented a pavilion availability prediction service that applied a machine learning-based SVM (Support Vector Model) model to collected data and provided it through mobile and web applications.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.369-377
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore whether open spaces with land use characteristics of forest green areas can have different influence on the urban heat reduction depending on the location distribution, through the case of Gangneung-si downtown area. As a research method, the InVest Urban Cooling Model, which is a thermal phenomenon analysis model, is employed based on the most recent data available in 2018. In order to focus on the effect of location distribution of open space in the city, the downtown area is set as the observation area, not the entire city. The analysis of the land use location distribution scenarios shows that large-scale forests or clustered forests are more effective in reducing atmospheric heat in the region than several small-scale forests.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

To protect people and the environment from environmental radiation, the Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment was formulated in Korea in 2011. This law regulates matters related to radiation safety that can be encountered in life. In accordance with this law, radiation monitoring equipment is operated at major airports and ports across the country, ensuring radiation monitoring of imported cargo. Currently, six ministries conduct radiation monitoring of imported cargo: the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission; the Korea Customs Service; the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; the Ministry of Environment; the Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs; and the Korea Forest Service. Each ministry designates the relevant cargo items for radiation monitoring. The objective of this study was to comprehensively review the Korean radiation monitoring system for imported cargo and identify the areas and scopes of improvement. This paper also proposes a new law and an integrated supervision plan, which involves establishing a dedicated department to enhance the efficiency and professionalism of the national radiation monitoring system for imported cargo. The review will contribute to the development of a more sophisticated national radiation monitoring system for imported cargo.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.251-257
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• 2013

Bathymetry sounding or water depth measurement is becoming more and more sophisticated with the increasing demand in accuracy, resolution and coverage in the recent years. Single beam echo sounding is still utilized to gather single line bathymetric profile in many surveys as ever, although there is an increasing demand for multi-beam echo sounding. Single beam echo sounder system acquires single line profiles of water depth as the vessel travel along the survey line. In this study, we performed single beam echo sounding with GNSS receiver for hydrographic survey at Namgang dam basin to calculate pure sediment. Unlike traditional research, we used not field reference station but NTRIP service of the reference station of DGNSS(Differential Global Navigation Satellite System) Central Office in this GNSS survey. The calculation results show that scouring volume is $603,650m^3$, sediment volume is $3,913,750m^3$ and so pure sediment volume is $3,310,100m^3$ at Namgang dam basin. And the availability of the NTRIP service of the DGNSS Central Office for echo sounding in land area has been confirmed in this study.

• Journal of Service Research and Studies
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.70-81
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• 2023

The choice of business method is a necessary decision at the last moment of life, and to this end, we use several criteria. Our funeral methods were dominated by ancestral worship culture and religion, not nature. It is only recently that nature was used as a means from a human perspective, but natural field methods such as consideration for nature and symbiosis with nature have emerged. The recent high public preference for natural fields is today's strong zeitgeist and nature-friendly values. Based on statistics in 2021, Korea's national cremation rate exceeded 92%, and compared to less than 20% of the cremation rate just 20 years ago, our business method has changed rapidly. As the cremation promotion movement and government policies, which began in the early 90s, were systematically developed, the enshrinement facility was established next to us. However, while this was also subject to criticism of national damage, the Jang Act called natural field was introduced into the system in 2008, and about 15 years have passed, but the revitalization of natural field is slower than expected. One of the reasons for the stagnation of development is to forget the basic spirit of the natural field (once you return to the forest), and to think like a graveyard grave. Accordingly, this study aims to identify the background of the introduction and current operation of natural fields and present development measures to improve memorial services to make natural fields loved by the people.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.41-55
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• 2023

Urban parks create the natural landscape of the city and offer a space for city residents to stay healthy and take a rest. They are also urban facilities designed to improve city dwellers' emotional aspects. Currently, urban parks need qualitative management as well as quantitative supply due to changes in the national land and urban policy paradigm, and a shift in perspective to consumer-centeredness is needed. In this study, the service levels of urban parks for citizen were evaluated: (1) quantitative supply adequacy was analyzed based on the urban population, and (2) the qualitative evaluation of the parks were conducted. Based on the evaluation, the appropriateness of the arrangement of urban parks is judged by comprehensively analyzing the quantitative and qualitative aspects. As a result of the evaluation of service levels of urban parks, the highest serviced urban parks were found in urban housing development sites and recently established parks. In addition, it was found that the recently created parks improved the qualities of the parks by installing various facilities. If the quantitative and qualitative aspects of urban park service supply are comprehensively analyzed and applied through this research method, it will be a more effective park and green space plan.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.109-117
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• 2013

The Global Framework on Climate Services (GFCS) will guide the development of climate services that link science-based climate information and predictions with climate-risk management and adaptation to climate change. GFCS structure is made up of 5 pillars; Observations/Monitoring (OBS), Research/ Modeling/ Prediction (RES), Climate Services Information System (CSIS) and User Interface Platform (UIP) which are all supplemented with Capacity Development (CD). Corresponding to each GFCS pillar, the Commission for Agricultural Meteorology (CAgM) has been proposing "Global Initiatives in AgroMeteorology" (GIAM) in order to facilitate GFCS implementation scheme from the perspective of AgroMeteorology - Global AgroMeteorological Outlook System (GAMOS) for OBS, Global AgroMeteorological Pilot Projects (GAMPP) for RES, Global Federation of AgroMeteorological Society (GFAMS) for UIP/RES, WAMIS next phase for CSIS/UIP, and Global Centers of Research and Excellence in AgroMeteorology (GCREAM) for CD, through which next generation experts will be brought up as virtuous cycle for human resource procurements. The World AgroMeteorological Information Service (WAMIS) is a dedicated web server in which agrometeorological bulletins and advisories from members are placed. CAgM is about to extend its service into a Grid portal to share computer resources, information and human resources with user communities as a part of GFCS. To facilitate ICT resources sharing, a specialized or dedicated Data Center or Production Center (DCPC) of WMO Information System for WAMIS is under implementation by Korea Meteorological Administration. CAgM will provide land surface information to support LDAS (Land Data Assimilation System) of next generation Earth System as an information provider. The International Society for Agricultural Meteorology (INSAM) is an Internet market place for agrometeorologists. In an effort to strengthen INSAM as UIP for research community in AgroMeteorology, it was proposed by CAgM to establish Global Federation of AgroMeteorological Society (GFAMS). CAgM will try to encourage the next generation agrometeorological experts through Global Center of Excellence in Research and Education in AgroMeteorology (GCREAM) including graduate programmes under the framework of GENRI as a governing hub of Global Initiatives in AgroMeteorology (GIAM of CAgM). It would be coordinated under the framework of GENRI as a governing hub for all global initiatives such as GFAMS, GAMPP, GAPON including WAMIS II, primarily targeting on GFCS implementations.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.56-72
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• 2015

This study area for this research was the Taereung of the 2009 World Heritage-listed Royal Tombs of the Joseon Dynasty. The Taereung space was divided into that of the royal tomb space, religious service space, transposition space and entry space. The original vegetation is assumed to have been planted at the right, left and backside of the tomb based on historical research literature. Regarding the original vegetation landscape of Taeneung, it was assumed that Pinus densiflora was distributed around the tomb lines and tomb space, Pinus densiflora was distributed in the religion services space and transposition and Alnus japonica was distributed in the entry space. By the present status of vegetation in Taeneung, the Pinus densiflora forest was the widest area with 50.3% with the broadleaf forest at 33.7%. Quercus aliena, Quercus acutissima, and Quercus mongolica were the main species found in Taeneung. The planting area was 7.9% and Pinus densiflora were the main species planted. To analyze the plant community structure of Taeneung, 108 plots were set and divided into four spaces. The importance of the percentage of those districts was analyzed on a spatial basis and it was found that the current dominant species of the tomb space was Pinus densiflora. However, as Pinus densiflora began dying out, the power of Quercus acutissima increased and an ecological succession from the Pinus densiflora forest to Quercus aliena forest was made. In the spaces of religious services and transposition, Pinus densiflora was decreasing and Quercus spp. was expanded. In the space of entry, the dominant species were Pinus densiflora and Quercus aliena, Pinus densiflora and Quercus aliena. As soil of this area is argillaceous, Pinus densiflora is expected to disappear in the end. The prior vegetation(assumed) and present vegetation of Taeneung were compared and analyzed and a goal of vegetation management and the way in which to manage vegetation were suggested. The goal of vegetation landscape management was to analyze ecological characteristics and vegetation changes, maintain and restore a landscape suitable for historical landscape forests by space. About the space of the tomb, Pinus densiflora forests and Pinus densiflora planting zones forests should be maintained and there should be efforts to restore and manage the Pinus densiflora forests, instead of the Quercus spp. forests. About the space of religious services, Pinus densiflora forests and Pinus densiflora planting zones should be maintained and managed and there should be efforts to restore and manage Pinus densiflora forests to replace Quercus spp. Pinus densiflora forests in the space of transposition should be maintained and managed and Pinus densiflora forests should be restored to replace Quercus spp. trees. Alnus japonica forests should be restored in the space of entry.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.399-415
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• 2021

This study was conducted to suggest the optimal periods for planting and felling Larix kaempferi tree by monitoring its cambial activity period. In addition, the heat summation to induce the cambial activity of Larix kaempferi was investigated. The study sites were at Mt. Worak and Mt. Midong. After selecting 5 trees at Mt. Worak and Mt. Midong, the cambium samples were collected using a mini trephor with 2 mm diameter from April 7 to October 6, 2017 at Mt. Worak, and from April 7 to September 29, 2017 at Mt. Midong. After the collected cambium samples were embedded in PEG2000, transverse thin sections with a thickness of 10 to 15 ㎛ were prepared using a microtome. One Larix kaempferi sample from each site, Mt. Worak and Mt. Midong, in which the accurate monitoring of cambial activity was impossible due to the formation of traumatic resin canal, was excluded from the study. The observation of the initiation date of cambial activity under a light microscopy revealed that 2 specimens from Mt. Worak and 3 from Mt. Midong showed the initiation on April 28. The remaining 2 specimens of Mt. Worak and 1 specimen of Mt. Midong were initiated on May 4, which was a week later than the others. The heat summation that induced the initiation of cambial activity was 196.4-271.8 at Mt. Worak and 204.7-277.3 at Mt. Midong, which was similar. The termination of cambial activity occurred between August 4 and 25 at Mt. Worak, and between August 4 and September 1 at Mt. Midong. Based on the above results, it was found that the optimal planting period for Larix kaempferi in Mt. Worak and Mt. Midong was before April, about a month before the cambium activity, and the felling period was from October when the cambial activity was completely terminated.