• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.106 no.4
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• pp.473-479
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• 2017

This study is to analyze differences in gross income between only forestry and agroforestry. In addition, cost structure and management performance on poultry farming was surveyed. The study sites were three forestry households located in Chungju, Kyungsan and Hwacheon. The method of its management performance were conducted by interview. And, survey items of the performance were operating expenses items and gross income items in 2015. As a result of study, gross income of Chungju business model was 25,608,000 won. The operating cost was 20,217,571 won so that the net income was 5,390,429 won. In case of Gyeongsan, gross income was 33,950,000 won and the operating cost was 18,655,714 won. Thus, the net income was 15,494,286 won. Hwacheon business model showed that gross income was 31,850,000 won, the operating cost was 13,143,000 won. Thus, the net income was 18,707,000 won. And, break-even point of sale volume, which meets cost, was 617 chicken in Chungju, 125 chicken in Gyeongsan, and 63 chicken in Hwacheon. In terms of selling cost-per-production ratio, Chungju business model was 79%, Kyungsan was 55% and Hwacheon was 41%. The results of this study indicates that margin ratio per chicken was 21% in Chungju, 45% in Kyungsan and 59% in Hwacheon. On Agroforestry, increasing rate for gross income was evaluated by 16% in Chungju, 18% in Gyeongsan and 11% Hwacheon.

• Proceedings of the Korean Association of Geographic Inforamtion Studies Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.63-63
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to apply and verify of Bayesian probability model, the likelihood ratio and statistical model, at Janghung, Korea, using a Geographic Information System (GIS). Landslide locations were identified in the study area from interpretation of IRS satellite images, field surveys, and maps of the topography, soil type, forest cover, geology and land use were constructed to spatial database. The factors that influence landslide occurrence, such as slope, aspect and curvature of topography were calculated from the topographic database. Texture, material, drainage and effective soil thickness were extracted from the soil database, and type, diameter and density of forest were extracted from the forest database. Land use was classified from the Landsat TM image satellite image. As each factor's ratings, the likelihood ratio coefficient were overlaid for landslide susceptibility mapping, Then the landslide susceptibility map was verified and compared using the existing landslide location. The results can be used to reduce hazards associated with landslides management and to plan land use and construction.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.74-81
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• 2016

Classified into sub-tree of the growth-form, Acer pseudosieboldianum and Carpinus cordata hardly reach the uppermost canopy with limited height growth potentiality in the natural deciduous forest. However, the two species usually dominate lower stories of the forest, playing an important role in overall ecological characteristics in the forest. Based on the vegetation data of 106 $20m{\times}20m$ sample plots in Mt. Jumbong area, this study was carried out to evaluate ecological constitution by several quantitative analysis so as to understand the mechanism of the natural deciduous forest. The results indicated that individuals of A. pseudosieboldianum and C. cordata were absent or few in overstory, but emerged the most dominant species in midstory and understory, providing adequate proof of the ecological importance. The comparison of indices of succession between presented and predicted values in midstory did not make much difference, suggesting that the species composition would not change much and come close to steady state in midstory and understory. The pair combination of species association noted that A. pseudosieboldianum had significant positive association with C. cordata, Quercus mongolica, and Tilia amurensis had significant positive association with A. pseudosieboldianum, A. pictum subsp. mono and Fraxinus mandshurica but negative association with F. rhynchophylla. Being compared with other major canopy tree species in the study forest, the target species of A. pseudosieboldianum and C. cordata had strong regeneration strategies, partially characterized by large number of saplings and pole sized trees and high ratio of live crown, which indicated high shade tolerance to survive in the limited amount of light under the canopy. Even though A. pseudosieboldianum and C. cordata do not reach and occupy the canopy layer mainly due to the inherent growth form, they would have highest competitive potentiality to prosper and dominate in the midstory of the natural deciduous forest.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.109 no.3
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• pp.281-290
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal planting density for Zelokva serrata plantations. The study sites were located in Gyeongsan (GS) and Sunchang (SC), Korea. One-year-old, bare-root seedlings were planted at densities of 3,000; 5,000; 7,000; and 10,000 trees ha^-1 at the end of March 2015. We measured the root collar diameter and height each September from 2015 to 2019, and then calculated the H/D ratio and stem volume. The root collar diameter and height increased with increased planting density, and the stem volume was significantly higher at 10,000 trees ha^-1 than those at the other planting densities. Planting density did not affect the survival rate or H/D ratio. The root collar diameter, height, and stem volume were higher in GS than those in SC five years after planting. This study highlights that early growth performance was improved at increased planting densities at both sites. This study suggests that the initial planting density of 10,000 trees ha^-1 is suitable to improve the early growth performance of Z. serrata plantations, and that the improved growth performance at higher planting densities may be a silvicultural characteristic of Z. serrata.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.111 no.4
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• pp.482-489
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• 2022

This study aimed to determine the optimal planting density of Fraxinus rhynchophylla assessed from the early growth performance at various planting densities over the 7-year period after planting. The study site was in Pyeongchang County, South Korea, and seedlings of 2-year-old (bare-root seedlings) F. rhynchophylla were planted at four densities (3,000, 5,000, 7,000, and 10,000 trees ha^-1) in March 2015. The survival rate, root-collar diameter (RCD), and height (H) were measured from 2015 to 2021, and the H/D (H/RCD) ratio and stem volume were calculated. The survival rate (84-97%) and H/D ratio (54.5-59.2%) were not affected by the planting density during the study period, but the RCD, H, and stem volume were significantly higher for 7,000 trees ha^-1 than for other planting densities. Especially, the stem volume (cm³ tree^-1) at 7 years after planting was highest for 7,000 trees ha^-1 (1,356.1), followed by 10,000 trees ha^-1 (958.6), 5,000 trees ha^-1 (773.0), and 3,000 trees ha^-1 (579.5). As the planting density increased, F. rhynchophylla seedlings showed initial rapid growth due to light competition, but relatively low growth at excessive planting densities. In the future, use of a suitable planting density considering planting costs should provide outstanding growth performance of F. rhynchophylla on plantations.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.45 no.5
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• pp.733-737
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• 2012

The objectives of this study were to investigate soil chemical properties for forest rehabilitation and suggest design and management in abandoned coal mine areas in Mungyeong, Gyeongsangbuk-do. Total study sites were 10 sites, and soil analysis particular were soil pH, TOC, total-N, C/N ratio, A.v. $P_2O_5$, and CEC. Because most of study sites showed soil pH from 5.0 to 7.0, it seems that soil pH does not affect growth of vegetation. But soil pH in Danbong1 was acidic (pH 4.6), so it is needed to improve with ameliorant such as limestone. Most of study sites is necessary to manage for organic matter and Nitrogen, because there sites showed lower value of TOC and total-N than general forest. The values of A.v. $P_2O_5$ and CEC were good in most of study sites, so it seems that they do not have effect on vegetation growth. All of soil factors has no regression according to elapsed time after rehabilitation. TOC, total-N and A.v. $P_2O_5$ among soil properties have positive relationship between each other. It is necessary to fertilizer for organic matter and Nitroge because of value in TOC, total-N and C/N ratio. The results of this study were analyzed only one time. So, long-term monitoring for soil properties is important for the correct forest rehabilitation and management.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.96 no.2
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• pp.189-196
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• 2007

Allometry, basal area equations, and volume equations were developed with various tree measurement variables for the major species, Quercus mongolica and Quercus variabilis, in Korean natural hardwood forests. For allometry models, the relationships between total height-DBH, crown width-DBH, height to the widest portion of the crown-total height, and height to base of crown-total height were investigated. Multiple regression methods were used to relate annual basal area growth to tree variables of initial size (DBH, total height, crown width) and relative size (relative diameter, relative height) as well as competition measures (competition index, crown class, exposed crown area, percent exposed crown area, live crown ratio). For tree volume equations, the combined-variable and Schumacher models were fitted with DBH, total height and crown width for both species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.113 no.1
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• pp.131-142
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• 2024

The purpose of this study was to estimate the optimal stand density criteria for each growth stage of Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. to achieve the timber production goal for cypress forests and develop an optimal silvicultural system for forest thinning. A relative yield index (Ry) value of 0.75, presented as a stand density management criterion index, was estimated by analyzing the relationship characteristics between the composition ratio and stand density of slender trees from 216 sample plots of the recruited cypress forests. The analysis of the feasibility of achieving each production target in the existing silvicultural system for C. obtusa revealed that the growth rate according to the parameters of forest land productivity, such as site index and thinning intensity according to the increase in age, was not properly reflected. In the thinning system for each timber production target analyzed in this study, 353 high-quality large hardwoods from 498.1 m³/ha, 703 high-quality medium hardwoods from 376.2 m³/ha, and 1,758 small-diameter hardwoods from 249.5 m³/ha could be harvested. Although the silvicultural system prepared on the basis of the results of this study cannot be uniformly applied according to various management goals, this study is meaningful in that it presents empirical reference standards based on the stand density management diagram that reflects the growth characteristics of cypress forests in South Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.108 no.1
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• pp.127-132
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the differences in habitat environment and characteristics of small rodent populations with time elapse after thinning in Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi) plantations, Mt. Janggun, Gyeongbuk Province, South Korea. We found that there were significant differences in habitat environment, number of tree, shrub stems, coverage of overstory, midstory, rock and number of coarse woody debris (CWD) between thinned and unthinned forest stands. We captured four small rodent species. Total number of captured small rodent were higher in thinned stands. Male-to-female ratio of Apodemus agrarius, and A. peninsulae were both the highest in forest stand 3 year after thinning. The differences in number of captured and sex ratio of small rodents might be related to habitat environment between thinned and unthinned stands. Thus, thinning can provide good habitat for small rodents by developing understory vegetation and increasing CWD in Japanese larch plantations. These results suggest that forest management through maintenance of CWD and induction of midstory and understory vegetation after thinning is necessary to maintain small rodents diversity.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.19-37
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• 2023

This study empirically analyzed the determinants of the assessment ratio (hereinafter 'AR') based on a total of 2,129 sales cases of forests in Gwangju, Gyeonggi-do. The main findings of this study through multiple regression analysis are summarized as follows. First, this study shows that regional characteristics have significantly different effects on the AR of forest land prices. Specifically, there was a significant difference in the AR depending on the location of the parcel by sub-region and the ratio of residential area, and the higher the number of development plans in progress, the more likely the officially assessed land price will be formed close to the sale price. Second, this study analyzed that location characteristics such as the proximity of the inner and outer center of the jurisdiction and traffic accessibility had a significant influence on the determination of the AR. Third, this study identified significant differences in AR depending on detailed factors such as planning management areas, production management areas, conservation areas for mountain, conservation areas for nature, and restricted development areas as land use and regulatory characteristics of forest lands. Fourth, this study found that land characteristics are a significant factor influencing the AR as an individual factor in forest land.