• 한국농림기상학회지
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2013

본 연구는 복잡한 산악지형에서 바람장 변화를 해석하고, 산불발생시 확산방향을 예측하여 산불방지 전략에 활용하기 위해서 수행되었다. 연구 대상지는 2000년 4월 7일 산불이 발생하여 10일간 진행되었던 삼척지역을 대상으로 하였다. 삼척 산불피해지는 복잡한 산악구조를 가지고 있는데 먼저 중규모 기상 모델인 WRF를 사용하여 대상지에 설치한 AWS(4 지점)의 관측결과와 비교하였다. WRF 모의 결과, 4개 지점의 풍속은 AWS 관측지점의 풍속에 비해 5~8m/s(200% 과대평가) 강하였으며, 관측된 풍향은 지점마다 다양하게 나타난 것에 비해 모의된 풍향은 모든 지점에서 서풍계열로 나타났다. 결과적으로 WRF와 같은 중규모 기상모델은 복잡한 산악지형에서의 바람장 변화를 잘 모의하지 못하였다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 미기상 대기유동장 수치모형인 ENVI-met 프로그램을 이용하여 지표면 높이에서 삼척 LTER 지역의 국지규모 바람장을 모의하였다. 지형효과에 의한 모델의 민감도를 위해 다양한 초기 조건(기류, 온 습도, 대기난류, 토양 및 식생 모형)들을 고려하여 분석하였다. ENVI-met 모의결과, 풍속은 실측과 비교할 때 약 70%의 정확도를 보였으며, 풍향은 계곡부와 능선부에서 지형효과로 인한 변화를 잘 반영하였다. 향후 ENVI-met은 산불확산예측 및 산불방지전략 수립을 위해 미기상 대기유동장 수치모형을 이용하여 산악지역의 미기상 해석에 관한 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제109권2호
• /
• pp.211-222
• /
• 2020

본 연구는 산림의 기능구분에서 시간에 따라 변화가 있는지 여부를 알아보고자 하였다. 또한 생태계서비스 개념이 현재 국유림 관리계획에서 고려되는 수준을 파악하고자 하였다. 자료는 98개 국유림의 경영계획구의 현재와 직전 기간의 경영계획서를 활용하였다, 경영계획서상 전, 현차기의 경영계획구별 산림기능별 면적의 구성 비율을 분석대상으로 삼았다. 전차기, 현차기의 2개 그룹의 평균이 정규분포를 따르는지 우선 검정하였다. 그 결과, 정규분포를 따르면 모수적 t-검정, 그렇지 않은 경우 비모수적 Wilcoxon 부호순위 검정을 실시하였다. 정규분포를 따르는 것은 목재생산림 경우가 해당되고, 나머지 5가지 기능: 수원함양림, 산지재해방지림, 자연환경보전림, 산림휴양림, 생활환경보전림은 정규분포하지 않는다. t-검정 또는 Wilcoxon 부호순위 검정을 실시한 결과, 유의미한 기능별 산림면적 비율의 변화를 보인 것은 목재생산림, 자연환경보전림이었다. '생태계서비스' 개념이 활발하게 언급되기 시작한 것은 2018년에 시작된 제6차 산림기본계획에서 부터이다. 지방산림청별 지역산림계획에서는 차이가 있었는데, 동부와 서부지방산림청 소관 지역산림계획에서는 위 개념에 대한 언급이 빈번하게 이루어졌으나 나머지 3개 지방산림청의 계획들에서는 그렇지 않았다.

• 한국산업융합학회 논문집
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2019

Safety and welfare of forestry is very poor because of poor working environment, decreasing workforce and budget, and aging. These have brought many accidents and casualties. The accident rate in the field of forestry were about 2.83 times higher than average of an entire industry and mortality rate were 1.84 times higher than it. The most reason among the mortality accident was caught in, under or between objects and struck by objects. In analysis of 60 serious accident cases, the number of occurrence s of caught in, under or between objects and struck by objects were the highest. We suggest education, engineering, environment, and enforcement methods which is first aid education and emergency response system, equipment of combined IoT technologies and sensors, and certification and career program on the basis of the results.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국수자원학회 2023년도 학술발표회
• /
• pp.175-175
• /
• 2023

Detection and monitoring of wildfires are essential for limiting their harmful effects on ecosystems, human lives, and property. In this research, we propose a novel method running in the Google Earth Engine platform for identifying and characterizing burnt regions using a hybrid of Sentinel-1 (C-band synthetic aperture radar) and Sentinel-2 (multispectral photography) images. The 2022 Uljin wildfire, the severest event in South Korean history, is the primary area of our investigation. Given its documented success in remote sensing and land cover categorization applications, we select the Random Forest (RF) method as our primary classifier. Next, we evaluate the performance of our model using multiple accuracy measures, including overall accuracy (OA), Kappa coefficient, and area under the curve (AUC). The proposed method shows the accuracy and resilience of wildfire identification compared to traditional methods that depend on survey data. These results have significant implications for the development of efficient and dependable wildfire monitoring systems and add to our knowledge of how machine learning and remote sensing-based approaches may be combined to improve environmental monitoring and management applications.

• 한국환경과학회지
• /
• 제23권6호
• /
• pp.1121-1130
• /
• 2014

This study aims to find the perception and utilization of the citizen about the dryness watch warning (DWW) among special weather reports. For this we have made up a descriptive questionnaire including the perception, utilization of special weather reports. Using the SPSS 17.0 program, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA and Scheffe test were used to analyze the collected data. The results are as follows; The perception of DWW is measured by 4 point Likert scale and the average is $15.97{\pm}3.70$ (percentile=57.0). This value shows that the awareness level is not that high and according to the occupation, college students show the lowest awareness and housewives show the highest awareness. According to the age, the teens and twenties show the lowest awareness and fifties and sixties show the highest awareness. Although the perception of the teens and college students are rather poor, there were many positive answers that it is necessary to establish the advanced disaster prevention plan according to the questionnaire about the utilization of DWW. Therefore, if we come up with an effective plan to improve the perception than we can expect a large-effect in terms of fire and forest fire prevention. The perception of DWW can be improved by providing weather information and weather related education program on TV or internet which have the high level of preference. Also, it is necessary to provide online and offline program of advertising education and disaster management education through the weather forecast bureau which is the host organization of delivering weather information.

• 한국안전학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.172-177
• /
• 2012

In areas around Deoksan Li and Deokjeon Li, Inje Eup, Inje Gun, located between $38^{\circ}2^{\prime}55^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$ and $38^{\circ}5^{\prime}50^{{\prime}{\prime}}N$ in latitude and $128^{\circ}11^{\prime}20^{{\prime}{\prime}}E$ and $128^{\circ}18^{\prime}20^{{\prime}{\prime}}E$ in longitude, large-sized avalanche disasters occurred due to Typhoon Ewiniar in 2006. As a result, 29 people were dead or missing, along with a total of 37.25 billion won of financial loss(Gangwon Province, 2006). To evaluate such landslide and debris flow risk areas and their vulnerability, this study applied a technique called 'Weight of Evidence' based on GIS. Especially based on the overlay analysis of aerial images before the occurrence of landslides and debris flows in 2005 and after 2006, this study extracted 475 damage-occurrence areas in a shape of point, and established a DB by using such factors as topography, hydrologic, soil and forest physiognomy through GIS. For the prediction diagram of debris flow and landslide risk areas, this study calculated W+ and W-, the weighted values of each factor of Weight Evidence, while overlaying the weighted values of factors. Besides, the diagram showed about 76% in prediction accuracy, and it was also found to have a relatively high correlationship with the areas where such natural disasters actually occurred.

• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.5-18
• /
• 2019

본 연구에서는 경상북도 전체를 대상으로 공간분포형 습윤지수와 뿌리보강무한사면안정해석 이론을 활용한 광역적인 산사태 분석을 실시하였다. 해석을 수행하기 위해 수치지도와 정밀토양도, 임상도 등을 이용하여 지형 지질학적 매개변수를 추출하고 $10m{\times}10m$ 해상도의 공간분포형 데이터베이스를 구축하였으며, 공간분포형 습윤지수를 생성하기 위한 비 집수면적은 무한방향흐름기법을 적용하였다. 광역적인 산사태 위험도 평가를 위한 안전율은 4개 등급으로 구분하여 도시하였다. 위험도 평가결과, 산사태 위험지역은 봉화와 김천 등 실제 최근의 산사태 발생지역과 유사성을 갖는 것으로 나타났으며 특히 산지와 인접한 지역에 unstable 지역이 집중적으로 분포되어 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 또한 산사태 기록과 비교해본 결과, 본 해석모형이 합리적인 매개변수의 축적을 통해 광역적인 산사태 위험성을 평가하는 유효한 방법임을 확인할 수 있다.

• 한국물환경학회지
• /
• 제37권6호
• /
• pp.520-530
• /
• 2021

Multivariate statistical analysis and an environmental hydrological model were applied for investigating the causes of water pollution and providing best management practices for water quality improvement in urban and agricultural watersheds. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) for water quality time series data show that chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), suspended solids (SS) and total phosphorus (T-P) are classified as non-point source pollutants that are highly correlated with river discharge. Total nitrogen (T-N), which has no correlation with river discharge and inverse relationship with water temperature, behaves like a point source with slow and consistent release. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) shows intermediate characteristics between point and non-point source pollutants. The results of the PCA and CA for the spatial water quality data indicate that the cluster 1 of the watersheds was characterized as upstream watersheds with good water quality and high proportion of forest. The cluster 3 shows however indicates the most polluted watersheds with substantial discharge of BOD and nutrients from urban sewage, agricultural and industrial activities. The cluster 2 shows intermediate characteristics between the clusters 1 and 3. The results of hydrological simulation program-Fortran (HSPF) model simulation indicated that the seasonal patterns of BOD, T-N and T-P are affected substantially by agricultural and livestock farming activities, untreated wastewater, and environmental flow. The spatial analysis on the model results indicates that the highly-populated watersheds are the prior contributors to the water quality degradation of the river.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제18권6호
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2015

This study conducted shear strength test and plate bearing test to look into the characteristics of bearing capacity using geosynthetics case on forest road surface. The shear strength test showed that the internal friction angle at the time when geosynthetics was used was measured larger on average than that in the unreinforced case. Therefore, using geosynthetics case produced more bearing capacity reinforcement effect. The result from the comparison test of internal friction angle by geosynthetics type revealed that the internal friction angle at the time when geotextile case was used was measured larger. That was attributable to the difference between the area of the total cross section of geotextile made in type of non-woven fabric and its material. Plate bearing test showed that the settlement at the time when geosynthetics was used was measured smaller than that in the unreinforced case. Therefore, using geosynthetics produced more bearing power reinforcement effect. The result from the comparison test showed that geogrid case was measured smaller than geotextile case. Henceforth, It is seemed that it will be necessary to keep studying the reinforcement engineering and process of forest road surface which fits the characteristics and conditions of geosynthetics to prevent forest road demage.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.58-65
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation measures on the fired woodland of Chesuk-bong in Mt. Chiri through the vegetation structure and comparison of growth pattern between natural seedlings and transplanted Abies koreana seedlings. It was also discussed the rate of standing and fallen trees of dead conifers in the management strategy for vegetation regeneration and protection of sub-alpine area. In this fired woodland, shrub layers consisting of Weigela subsessilis, Sambucus williamsii var. coreana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum, Tripterygium regelii, and etc. were gradually expanded, and tree species such as Betula ermani, Sorbus commixta, Acer pseudosieboldianum, and Malus baccata var. mandshurica were also regenerated. The growth of height and crown width of Abies koreana seedlings transplanted for vegetation regeneration were a little lower than those of natural seedlings. The seedlings of A. koreana transplanted in this fired woodland grew about 50.6% normally, but the others had multi-branched or growth stopped by death of terminal shoot. Because the number of dead conifers by fire tend to be gradually increased as time passed, it can occurs to the soil erosion and landslide by weakness of the cohesion and resistance of soil. Therefore, it is consider that rehabilitation measures projects of the fired woodland in subalpine area may be more prevention a natural disaster like soil erosion, flood and landslide.