• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.33 no.1
• /
• pp.59-66
• /
• 2008

Ribosomal Protein S4Y(RPS4Y) gene is the human sex-linked gene on the Y chromosome. There are a number of reports on the sex determination using RPS4Y gene analysis for prevention and diagnosis in sex-linked disease. Thus RPS4Y gene is a reliable genetic marker for sex determination in forensic medicine. In general, the sex determination of an unidentified body can be achieved based on anatomical characteristics, but sometimes sex determination was considered to be difficult such as pre-adolescent bodies or decomposed, mutilated bodies. In this case, Sex determination using PCR method in human teeth produces good results. Because human teeth have a great structural durability, the DNA well preserved in the teeth. So author isolated nuclear DNA from the 20 human teeth(10 males, 10 females), performed to detect RPS4Y gene by PCR method. Samples were divided four group(10 pulp and 10 dentinal tissue in male, 10 pulp and 10 dentinal tissue in female). It was found that detection of RPS4Y gene for sex determination was possible in all the male pulp tissues and 6 out of 10 male dentinal tissues. But there was not detected in female pulp and dentinal tissues. In the view of this results demonstrates the possibility that detection of RPS4Y gene with other sex chromosome genes from the human teeth is useful to sex determination in forensic medicine.

• Korean Medical Education Review
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.16-20
• /
• 2016

Although the state of medicine in North Korea is of great interest, there is little information, if any, about the present state of medicine in North Korea. Even North Korea's laws and regulations on medicine are not publicly available. It is plausible that the dictator's commands or the policy of the Communist Party may be superior to the nation's constitution and laws on medical education and much more. Information is only available from a limited number of publications and mainly from the statements of refugees, which differ greatly among themselves. No one refugee could provide authoritative data or information because they were never in the position to see the larger picture or have experience over the long term. However, what is known is that the major health professions in North Korea include physicians (medical doctors), stomatologists (oral doctors), 'Koryo' doctors (doctors of Korean traditional medicine), midwives, and nurses. The names and the founding year of each of the regular medical schools are listed along with the change and restoration of names of schools. It is known that there have been quasi-physicians and semi-physicians. However, the reasons for any changes that have taken place also remain unknown. The educational system, curriculum, and even the number of years of training needed to qualify to become a physician have varied from time to time.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.31-43
• /
• 2006

I searched the recent murder cases for other criminal methods of homicides the monthly statistics of the local police agencies of the whole country, I found that there are many criminal cases where knives were used. Based on this finding, I decided to conduct my survey about kitchen knives. The statistics indicated more than five hundread male and female adults were reported to have committed murders. Of the 500 people, 21 used a kitchen knife to commit murder. This study showed that when people have a conflict, the kitchen knife is as a tool that can be easily changed into a weapon. If the points of the knife is round, more homicides could be avoided. If regulations were established, as we have with dagger when producing, selling or purchasing, I would assume that the number of the crimes with knives will be remarkably diminished. It is our responsibility to create a bill concerning regulatory standards in understanding the dangers of kitchen knives. We must immediately participate in active publicity campaigns.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2007

Apartments are built in small countries to accommodate densely populated cities and maximize urbanization. Many apartment complexes have been built in recent reconstruction or redevelopment projects. An increase in crime has resulted due to residents living in a narrow space. Larceny is the most commonly reported crime in apartment complexes. Apartments can be classified as stairway, hallway, or plane surface. This study compares and analyzes the frequency of theft by apartment type to assist in creating a safer residential space. In America and England, scholars studied to make a safer residential space, and have applied the theory of 'the Defensible Space' and 'Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design(CPTED)' since 1970s. Korean apartment design now reflects CPTED in new apartment construction. In this study, 12 apartment complexes were selected in Changwon city to conduct analysis of theft in selected complexes. The study will cover housing invasion theft, motorcycle and car theft and snatching. The most frequency larceny is motorcycle and car theft, the second is housing invasion theft, and the least frequent is snatching. More residents' motorcycles and cars are damaged in a hallway style apartment. More frequently inhabitants have their possessions snatched on a stairway form. 1) When we build new apartment complexes, we must plan to improve territoriality and enhance a natural surveillance by reinforcing dwellers' relationship. Through planning we can prevention the larceny in apartments.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.44 no.4
• /
• pp.169-173
• /
• 2019

Purpose: To determine whether the morphological features of the palatal rugae are associated with sex and age in children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 300 diagnostic models of the palatal rugae of children and adolescents were collected. The models were classified into male and female and<13- and ≥13-year-old groups. The palatal rugae pattern, and the number and length of palatal rugae plicae, were analyzed. Results: The number of palatal rugae plicae was higher in females than in males, however, the difference was negligible. In the group aged 13 years or more, the number was higher in the male group on the left side. There was no association between the number of palatal rugae plicae and age group. The type I pattern was the most common in both males and females. The length of palatal rugae plicae was greater in males than in females. There was no association between the length of palatal rugae plicae and age group. Conclusions: The number and length of palatal rugae were associated with sex, but the morphological features of the palatal rugae could not distinguish between children and adolescents. These findings suggest that the palatal rugae have limited value for identification of individuals.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.52 no.3
• /
• pp.235-242
• /
• 2014

Paleoparasitology is the application of conventional or molecular investigative techniques to archeological samples in order to reveal parasitic infection patterns among past populations. Although pioneering studies already have reported key paleoparasitological findings around the world, the same sorts of studies had not, until very recently, been conducted in sufficient numbers in Korea. Mummified remains of individuals dating to the Korean Joseon Dynasty actually have proved very meaningful to concerned researchers, owing particularly to their superb preservation status, which makes them ideal subjects for paleoparasitological studies. Over the past several years, our study series on Korean mummies has yielded very pertinent data on parasitic infection patterns prevailing among certain Joseon Dynasty populations. In this short review, we summarized the findings and achievements of our recent paleoparasitological examinations of Joseon mummies and discussed about the prospects for future research in this vein.

• Journal of forensic and investigative science
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.11-30
• /
• 2006

The preliminary investigative activities by the police officer play a critical role in identifying the cause of death in unnatural death investigations. The failure to secure the crime scene leads to the destruction of significant evidence, which results in the difficulty or impossibility to identify the cause of death. In order to prevent this jeopardizing crucial evidence, and to identify the level of preliminary investigation on the scene, this research is conducted and analyzed with questionnaires of 300 police first responders and 100 detectives. As a result, it was disclosed that there is a possibility for first responders to fail to ensure scene security, scene observation, and canvass interviews. Besides, when medical personnel have no choice but to contaminate the crime scene in order to save lives, it is necessary for them to take photos and to take proper actions before they enter the scene. The importance of scene-control education cannot be emphasized enough in order to prevent media from entering and destroying the evidence. Through research of actual conditions of unnatural death cases which occurred in Kyongbook Province for last five years, the statistics regarding a few different types of death were analyzed as follows. Evidence that homicide, suicide, accidental death, and disaster deaths have increased year by year. Therefore, it is deemed necessary for the government to take multilateral policies to reduce them, and for police to reinforce their investigative skills. Further, the insufficient number of autopsy facilities and forensic pathologists, only 13% of the deceased (1,237 cases) have had an autopsy conducted to identify the cause of death for last five years. The other, 87.3% (8,496 cases) of the deceased, were handled through simple postmortem examination. The significance of this percentage is that there is still the possibility not revealing the cause of unjust deaths. Therefore, it is necessary to furnish police agency with the reasonable amount of funding for autopsies and maintaining enough forensic pathologists.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.13 no.9
• /
• pp.4689-4693
• /
• 2012

Lung cancer is the most common type of cancer and one of the leading causes of death in the world. Genetic factors play an important role in its development. PDCD6, the encoding gene for programmed cell death protein 6, may function as a tumor suppressor gene. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) contributes about 80% to newly histologically diagnosed lung cancer patients. To explore the relationship between PDCD6 and NSCLC, we examined two single nucleotide polymorphisms(rs3756712 G/T andrs4957014 G/T, both in the intron region) of the PDCD6gene.A hospital-based case-control study was carried out including 302 unrelated NSCLC patients and 306 healthy unrelated subjects. Significantly increased NSCLC risk was found to be associated with the T allele of rs4957014 (P=0.027, OR=0.760, 95%CI=0.596-0.970). The genotype and allele frequencies of rs3756712 did not shown any significant difference between NSCLC group and controls (P=0.327, OR=0.879, 95%CI=0.679-1.137). In conclusion, we firstly demonstrated the association between the PDCD6 gene and risk of NSCLC in a Chinese Han population.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.51 no.4
• /
• pp.489-492
• /
• 2013

A paleoparasitological survey to detect helminth eggs was performed in archaeological sites of Jeolla-do and Jeju-do, the Republic of Korea. Total 593 soil samples were collected in 12 sites of Jeolla-do and 5 sites of Jeju-do from April to November 2011, and examined by the methods of Pike and coworkers. A total of 4 helminth eggs, 2 eggs each for Trichuris trichiura and Ascaris sp., were found in soil samples from 1 site, in Hyangyang-ri, Jangheung-eup, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanam-do. The egg-recovery layer was presumed to represent a 19th century farm, which fact suggested the use of human manures. This is the third archaeological discovery of parasite eggs in Jeolla-do. Additionally, no helminth eggs in archaeological sites of Jeju-do is an interesting problem to be solved in the further investigations.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.254-264
• /
• 2015

Background: Pain medicine often requires medico-legal involvement, even though diagnosis and treatments have improved considerably. Multiple guidelines for pain physicians contain many recommendations regarding interventional treatment. Unfortunately, no definite treatment guidelines exist because there is no complete consensus among individual guidelines. Pain intervention procedures are widely practiced and highly associated with adverse events and complications. However, a comprehensive, systemic review of medical-dispute cases (MDCs) in Korea has not yet been reported. The purpose of this article is to analyze the frequency and type of medical dispute activity undertaken by pain specialists in Korea. Methods: Data on medical disputes cases were collected through the Korea Medical Association mutual aid and through a private medical malpractice liability insurance company. Data regarding the frequency and type of MDCs, along with brief case descriptions, were obtained. Results: Pain in the lumbar region made up a major proportion of MDCs and compensation costs. Infection, nerve injury, and diagnosis related cases were the most major contents of MDCs. Only a small proportion of cases involved patient death or unconsciousness, but compensation costs were the highest. Conclusions: More systemic guidelines and recommendations on interventional pain management are needed, especially those focused on medico-legal cases. Complications arising from pain management procedures and treatments may be avoided by physicians who have the required knowledge and expertise regarding anatomy and pain intervention procedures and know how to recognize procedural aberrations as soon as they occur.