• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.581-588
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• 2014

최근에 널리 사용되고 있는 PSC 교량은 콘크리트의 처짐과 균열 등의 취약점을 긴장재와 강봉을 사용하여 보완하고 성능을 향상시킨 구조물이다. 따라서 PSC 교량에서 긴장재에 작용하는 하중을 적절하게 산정하는 것은 구조물의 안전하고 효율적인 유지, 보수를 위하여 중요하다. 이 논문은 텐던에 작용하는 하중과 앵커헤드 변형과의 관계를 확인하기 위하여 멀티 텐던 앵커헤드의 변형률에 대한 수치해석을 수행하고 분석한 것이다. 정확한 해석을 위하여 재료의 물성, 접촉 문제의 비선형성 등을 모두 고려하였으며 해석은 범용 유한요소 프로그램인 Abaqus를 사용하여 수행되었다. 수치해석 결과로부터 텐던에 작용하는 하중을 추정하는 데에는 hoop 방향 변형률이 가장 유용하며, 마찰 계수, 경계조건, 그리고 배치 등에 따라 영향을 받는 것을 확인하였다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2015

IT 산업의 발달로 AOI 장비의 보급이 확산되고 있으며, 장비의 사용되는 카메라의 높은 해상도를 요구하고 있다. 높은 해상도를 얻기 위해 카메라의 중량이 증가되고 있으며, 그로 인해 진동변위가 커지게 되어 촬상에 문제가 생기고 제어 또한 어려워지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 유한요소 해석프로그램인 NX/NASTRAN을 이용하여 카메라가 관성에 의한 충격력을 받을 때의 과도응답분석을 해 보았다. 또한 Laser Interferometer 측정 결과와의 상관관계 분석을 통하여 향후 AOI의 구조 개선 시, 유한요소해석으로 설계의 신뢰성을 검증할 수 있도록 하기 위한 해석모델을 개발하였다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2004년도 제22회 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.75-78
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• 2004

Various jet engines (Turbine engine family and RAM Jet engine) have been developed for high speed aircrafts. but their application to hypersonic flight is restricted by principle problems such as increase of total pressure loss and thermal stress. Therefore, the development of next generation propulsion system for hypersonic aircraft is a very important subject in the aerospace engineering field, SCRAM Jet engine based on a key technology, Supersonic Combustion. is supposed as the best choice for the hypersonic flight. Since Supersonic Combustion requires both rapid ignition and stable flame holding within supersonic air stream, much attention have to be given on the mixing state between air stream and fuel flow. However. the wider diffusion of fuel is expected with less total pressure loss in the supersonic air stream. So. in this study the direction of fuel injection is inclined 30 degree to downstream and the total pressure of jet is controlled for lower penetration height than thickness of boundary layer. Under these flow configuration both streams, fuel and supersonic air stream, would not mix enough. To spread fuel wider into supersonic air an aerodynamic force, baroclinic torque, is adopted. Baroclinic torque is generated by a spatial misalignment between pressure gradient (shock wave plane) and density gradient (mixing layer). A wedge is installed in downstream of injector orifice to induce an oblique shock. The schlieren optical visualization from side transparent wall and the total pressure measurement at exit cross section of combustor estimate how mixing is enhanced by the incidence of shock wave into supersonic boundary layer composed by fuel and air. In this study non-combustionable helium gas is injected with total pressure 0.66㎫ instead of flammable fuel to clarify mixing process. Mach number 1.8. total pressure O.5㎫, total temperature 288K are set up for supersonic air stream.

• 한국수자원학회논문집
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.167-179
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• 2020

최근 바이오폴리머 소재를 이용하여 자연 흙의 강도와 식생의 생장을 증진하는 새로운 제방 소재가 개발되었다. 본 연구에서는 바이오폴리머 혼합토를 친환경 제방 재료로 활용하기 위해 혼합토로 조성된 식생 매트의 한계 소류력을 평가하였다. 혼합토는 베타글루칸을 주재료로 모래와 황토를 혼합하여 조성하였다. 실규모 시험체를 제작하여 혼합토를 3 cm 도포하였으며 식생과 매트를 이용하여 4개의 시험체를 제작하였다. 실규모 실험에 의해 손상과 토양유실을 관측하여 한계 소류력을 결정하였다. 식생 호안의 특성상 식생의 피복도에 따라 영향을 받기는 하지만 식생이 활착된 경우 개략적으로 한계소류력 42 N/㎡, 한계유속 4 m/sec을 실험을 통해 확인하였다. 또한 매트공법이 적용된 경우에는 뿌리와 매트의 결합으로 침식저항성이 강화됨을 확인하였다.

• 대한스포츠의학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2018

Purpose : The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of foot position on dynamic stability in female with genu varum. M ethods: Eight females with genu varum participated in this study and performed the four squat exercise methods that foot position ($-45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$, $+45^{\circ}$) and $0^{\circ}$ squat with band. Center of pressure (COP; anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, traveled distance, ellipse area) and ground reaction force as dynamic stability were measured using footscan system. Multivariate analysis of variance and one-way repeated analysis of variance measurement with Tukey honestly significant difference were used to identify significant differences of foot angle ($-45^{\circ}$, $0^{\circ}$, $+45^{\circ}$) and $0^{\circ}$ squat with band method. Results: In anterior-posterior COP displacement, $-45^{\circ}$ foot angle and $0^{\circ}$ squat with band were significantly showed lower than $+45^{\circ}$ foot angle squat (p=0.006). Also, in COP traveled distance, $0^{\circ}$ squat was significantly showed lower than $+45^{\circ}$ foot angle (p=0.019). During the descending phase, ground reaction force significantly showed in -45 foot angle was lower than other exercise methods. Conclusion: The $0^{\circ}$ squat with band exercise showed higher dynamic stability and $+45^{\circ}$ foot angle squat exercise showed lower dynamic stability in female with genu varum.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제51권1호
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• pp.32-42
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• 2021

Objective: To investigate the three-dimensional forces created by clear aligners on mandibular teeth during differential activation with en-masse retraction and/or intrusion in vitro. Methods: Six sets of clear aligners were designed for differential en-masse retraction and/or intrusion procedures in a first premolar extraction model. Group A0 was a control group with no activation. Groups A1-5 underwent different degrees of retractions and/or intrusions. Each group consisted of 10 aligners. Aligner forces were measured on a multi-axis force/torque transducer measurement system in real-time. Results: In the en-masse retraction groups (A1 and A2), lingual and extrusive forces were observed on the incisors; the canines mainly received distal forces; intrusive forces were seen on the second premolars; and the molars received mesial forces. In the en-masse retraction and intrusion groups (A3, A4, and A5), incisors also received lingual and extrusive forces; canines received distal and intrusive forces; mesial and extrusive forces were seen on the second premolars; and the second molars received distal and intrusive forces. The vertical forces on the incisors did not differ significantly among groups A1, A3, and A5. However, the vertical forces on the second premolars reversed from intrusion in group A1 to extrusion in groups A3 and A5. Conclusions: With clear aligners, the "bowing effect" is seen during en-masse anterior teeth retraction and can be partially relieved by performing en-masse retraction accompanied by anterior teeth intrusion. Vertical control of incisors remained unsolved during en-masse retraction, even when intrusive activation was added to the anterior teeth.

• PNF and Movement
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.89-96
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of foot angles on plantar pressure and the center of pressure (COP) trajectory length during level walking. Methods: The study subjects were 30 female university students without orthopedic diseases in the foot. The foot angle was divided into three forms (out-toeing, normal, in-toeing). The subjects practiced each type of gait, and then performed each of level walking, three times, and their averages were calculated. A plantar pressure measurement instrument was used, and the maximum force was obtained by dividing the foot into nine regions covering the anterior medial-lateral, middle medial-lateral, and posterior medial-lateral. The COP trajectory length was statistically processed by obtaining medial-lateral, anterior-posterior, and entire travel distance. Results: During normal walking, the maximum force was significantly higher in the anterior lateral than in the other areas, and the COP trajectory length was significantly shorter in the front-back and entire travel distances (p<0.05). During stair climbing. Conclusion: Walking at abnormal foot angles does not cause appreciable problems in the short term as pressure is concentrated on a specific plantar part. However, it becomes the cause of deformed foot structures and can result in musculoskeletal disabilities in the long term. Therefore, a kinesiatrics-based intervention is required to maintain normal foot angles.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2020

In order to improve the performance of marine centrifugal pump, a centrifugal pump whose specific speed is 66.7 was selected for the research. Outlet diameter D2, outlet width b2, blade outlet angle β2, blade wrap φ and blade number z of the impeller were chosen as the variables. The maximum weighted average efficiency and the minimum vibration intensity at the base were calculated as objectives. Based on the Latin Hypercube method, the impeller was numerically optimized. The numerical results show that after optimization, the amplitudes of pressure fluctuation on the main frequency at different monitoring points decrease in varying degrees. The radial force on impeller decreases obviously under off-design flow rates and is more symmetrical during the operation of the pump. The variation of the axial force is relatively small, which has no obvious relationship with the rotating angle of the impeller. The energy performance and vibration experiment was performed for verifying. The test results show that the weighted average efficiency under 0.8Qd, 1.0Qd and 1.2Qd increases by 4.3% after optimization. The maximal vibration intensity at M1-M4 on the pump base reduced from 0.36 mm/s to 0.25 mm/s, decreasing by 30.5%. In addition, the vibration velocities of bracket in pump side and outlet flange also have significant reductions.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.291-299
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• 2021

본 논문에서는 제어모멘트자이로 내 짐벌과 모멘텀 휠의 제어로직에 대해 기술하였다. 우선 소모전력과 안정도(이득여유, 위상여유)를 고려하여 모멘텀 휠의 제어로직을 설계하였다. 두 번째로는 진동흡수장치의 공진과 안정도를 고려하여 짐벌의 제어로직을 설계하였다. 세 번째로는 제어 모멘트자이로에서 발생하는 힘과 토크를 측정하기 위한 장치 구성에 대해 기술하였으며, 네 번째로는 모멘텀 휠과 짐벌의 주파수응답 및 시간응답 시험 결과를 나타내었다. 그리고 마지막으로 제어 모멘트자이로를 통해 발생한 힘과 토크를 실험적으로 측정하여 나타내었다.

• 국제초고층학회논문집
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.347-362
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• 2022

Current vibration serviceability assessment criteria for wind-induced vibrations in tall buildings are based largely on human 'perception' thresholds which are shown not to be directly translatable to human 'acceptability' of vibrations. There is also a considerable debate about both the metrics and criteria for vibration acceptability, such as frequency of occurrence or peak vs mean vibration, and how these might vary with the nature of the vibration. Furthermore, the design criteria are necessarily simplified for ease of application so cannot account for a range of environmental, situational and human factors that may enhance or diminish the impact of vibrations on serviceability. The dual-site VSimulators facility was created specifically to provide an experimental platform to address gaps in understanding of human response to building vibration. This paper considers how VSimulators can be used to inform general design guidance and support design of specific buildings for habitability, in terms of vibration, which allow engineers and clients to make informed decisions with regard to sustainable design, in terms of energy and financial cost. This paper first provides a brief overview of current vibration serviceability assessment guidelines, and the current understanding and limitations of occupants' acceptability of wind-induced motion in tall buildings. It then describes how the dual-site VSimulators facility at the Universities of Bath and Exeter can be used to assess the effects of motion and environment on human comfort, wellbeing and productivity with examples of how the facility capabilities have been used to provide new, human experience based experimental research approaches.