• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.23-34
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• 1991

This study was to investigate consumer recognition of food safety and food additives. The results of this study are as follows: 1. When shopping for food, the food safety was rated as foremost concern for the respondents and the details checked most often were manufacture date, packing condition and axpiration date, respectively. When asked their opinion about harmful factors in relation to food safety, the most important consideration was food additives. The highest rating for credibility regarding the sources of information on food was given to scientists in university and institute, lowest one was given to food manufacturer. 2. Government regulation on the use of food additives was known to exist, but control of the uses of food additive was considered inadequate by 60% of the respondents. These results showed significant differences for age (p<0.05), for education level (p<.01) and for income (p<.05) respectively. 3. 47.9% of the respondents indicated that they were willing to purchase the additive free foods, although it was expensive. More than 70% made an effort to eat food with less food additive and were concerned about possible effects of food additives on health, showing significant differences for age (p<0.05), for education level (p<0.05) and for income (p<0.05). 4. Labeling for food additive found on food package was shown to be unsatisfactory, showing significant difference only for income (p<0.05) and more information about food was needed by over 91.3% of the respondents, showing significant difference for education level (p<0.05). 5. Although approximately 80% of the respondents were concerned about artificial preservative, artificial flavor, artificial color and artificial sweetener, the concern about artificial preservative was the highest. Primary causes that respondents felt fear toward food additives were the unknown harms and cancer, and primary sources that respondents got information on food were televison and radio, respectively. From these results, it was shown that consumer considered food safety important and they felt a great deal of concern about food additives.

• 식품과학과 산업
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.153-170
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• 2019

바이오기술의 비약적인 발전에 따라 식품산업에서도 유전자변형미생물을 이용한 효소제 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있으나, 국내에서는 이를 실제 산업에 이용하기 위한 식품 및 식품첨가물에 대한 적합한 법적 규제수준과 심사관리 현황에 대한 사례가 매우 부족한 실정이다. 현재까지 국내에서 식품 생산을 목적으로 한 유전자변형미생물의 심사 승인사례는 총 6건으로 그 용도가 기능성 감미료 제조에 국한되어 있다. 생산공정이용 또는 밀폐환경이용을 목적으로 개발한 유전자변형미생물이더라도 식품에 적용하는 경우 안전성 심사 시 환경위해성 심사를 포함해야 하며, 이를 이용하여 제조된 식품 및 식품첨가물은 식품원료 등의 한시적기준 심사를 별도로 진행해야 한다. 반면, 해외에서 유전자변형미생물을 이용하여 제조된 제품을 단순 수입 판매하고자 하는 경우 최종 제품에 대한 심사만 요구되고 있어, 국내에서 직접 제조를 하고자 하는 경우에 비하여 인허가 심사에 소요되는 비용 기간에서 유리한 구조이다. 기술 선진국인 미국 유럽은 직접 섭취가 아닌 식품가공을 목적으로 하고 최종 제품에 유전자변형 미생물 및 유래물질이 잔존하지 않을 경우, 다양한 법규 제도를 통하여 합리적인 수준에 안전성 심사의 기준을 세분화하고 단계별로 완화하고 있다. 이러한 제도적 장치들은 '제조'의 관점에서 자국의 개발자가 보다 합리적이고 효율적으로 기술 상업화를 할 수 있는 환경을 조성하는데 크게 기여한다. 국내에서도 2013년부터 안전등급 1등급에 해당하는 유전자변형미생물을 생산공정에만 이용하는 경우는 안전성 평가 자체보다는 밀폐시설의 설치 및 운영을 체계화하는데 중점을 두고자 하였다. 그러나 이러한 보완 제도는 아직까지 산업용 LMO에 국한하여 시행되고 있어, 앞으로 그 범위를 식품용 LMO까지 확대하기 위한 산 학 연의 관심과 논의가 필요하다. 본 기고문에서는 식품용 유전자변형미생물의 국내와 선진국의 심사사례, 법규체계 및 심사기준에 대한 비교 분석을 통하여 국내 관련 법규제도개선의 기회를 마련하고자 한다.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.163-171
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• 2020

Silibinin exhibits antidiabetic potential by preserving the mass and function of pancreatic β-cells through up-regulation of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) expression. However, the underlying protective mechanism of silibinin in pancreatic β-cells is still unclear. In the current study, we sought to determine whether ERα acts as the target of silibinin for the modulation of antioxidative response in pancreatic β-cells under high glucose and high fat conditions. Our in vivo study revealed that a 4-week oral administration of silibinin (100 mg/kg/day) decreased fasting blood glucose with a concurrent increase in levels of serum insulin in high-fat diet/streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. Moreover, expression of ERα, NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in pancreatic β-cells in pancreatic islets was increased by silibinin treatment. Accordingly, silibinin (10 μM) elevated viability, insulin biosynthesis, and insulin secretion of high glucose/palmitate-treated INS-1 cells accompanied by increased expression of ERα, Nrf2, and HO-1 as well as decreased reactive oxygen species production in vitro. Treatment using an ERα antagonist (MPP) in INS-1 cells or silencing ERα expression in INS-1 and NIT-1 cells with siRNA abolished the protective effects of silibinin. Our study suggests that silibinin activates the Nrf2-antioxidative pathways in pancreatic β-cells through regulation of ERα expression.

• 방사선산업학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.241-248
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• 2024

Meat products such as ground meat and freshly packaged meat are known to be one of the primary food sources for foodborne illnesses. While 17 countries internationally allow irradiation treatment to ensure the hygienic safety of these products, Korea currently has no such regulations. In this study, a survey was performed targeting 1,000 individuals from the general public and 70 employees from the industrial sector about the need to establish domestic irradiation treatment regulations for meat products and the perception of food irradiation technology. The results showed that 78.4% of the general public and 81.4% of industrial employees responded that it is necessary to establish irradiation treatment regulations for meat products. The main reason for this was that irradiation treatment can help prevent food poisoning by ensuring the microbiological safety of the products. Besides, 94% of the general public responded that they would purchase irradiated meat products if the regulations were activated, and 66% of industrial employees expressed their intention to use irradiation treatment technology. This response indicates positive public acceptance and industrial applicability of food irradiation technology. In addition, this study suggested that continuous research to ensure safety, promotion, and education through various media had to be conducted as the supplementation for food irradiation technology before its application.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제42권12호
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• pp.850-857
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• 2019

The Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, has multiple multidrug efflux pumps. MexT, a LysR-type transcriptional regulator, functions as a transcriptional activator of the MexEF-OprN efflux system. MexT consists of an N-terminal DNA-binding domain and a C-terminal regulatory domain (RD). Little is known regarding MexT ligands and its mechanism of activation. We elucidated the crystal structure of the MexT RD at 2.0 Å resolution. The structure comprised two protomer chains in a dimeric arrangement. MexT possessed an arginine-rich region and a hydrophobic patch lined by a variable loop, both of which are putative ligand-binding sites. The three-dimensional structure of MexT provided clues to the interacting ligand structure. A DNase I footprinting assay of full-length MexT identified two MexT-binding sequence in the mexEF-oprN promoter. Our findings enhance the understanding of the regulation of MexT-dependent activation of efflux pumps.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.386-389
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• 2015

Sibutramine is an anorectic that has been banned since 2010 due to cardiovascular safety issues. However, counterfeit drugs or slimming products that include sibutramine are still available in the market. It has been reported that illegal sibutramine-contained pharmaceutical products induce cardiovascular crisis. However, the mechanism underlying sibutramine-induced cardiovascular adverse effect has not been fully evaluated yet. In this study, we performed cardiovascular safety pharmacology studies of sibutramine systemically using by hERG channel inhibition, action potential duration, and telemetry assays. Sibutramine inhibited hERG channel current of HEK293 cells with an $IC_{50}$ of $3.92{\mu}M$ in patch clamp assay and increased the heart rate and blood pressure ($76{\Delta}bpm$ in heart rate and $51{\Delta}mmHg$ in blood pressure) in beagle dogs at a dose of 30 mg/kg (per oral), while it shortened action potential duration (at $10{\mu}M$ and $30{\mu}M$, resulted in 15% and 29% decreases in $APD_{50}$, and 9% and 17% decreases in $APD_{90}$, respectively) in the Purkinje fibers of rabbits and had no effects on the QTc interval in beagle dogs. These results suggest that sibutramine has a considerable adverse effect on the cardiovascular system and may contribute to accurate drug safety regulation.

• 한국조리학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.92-103
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• 2015

본 연구의 목적은 MSG 안전 지식 교육이 MSG 안전 지식에 유의적인 효과가 있는지 검증하고, 효과가 있는 경우 MSG 안전 지식 변화가 식품안전태도의 변화를 가져오는지, MSG 이용의도에 변화를 가져오는지 검증하는 데 있다. 이를 위하여 조리학고 대학생 39명을 대상으로 실험집단과 통제집단으로 나눠 실험 관찰하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, MSG 안전 지식에 관한 교육은 MSG 규제 지식과 학술 지식에서는 유의적인 영향력이 있었으나, 물질 지식에서는 유의적인 효과가 없었다. 둘째, MSG 안전 지식의 변화는 식품안전태도 변화에 유의적인 영향력이 없었다. 셋째, MSG 안전 지식 중 규제 지식은 MSG 이용태도에 유의적인 정(+)의 영향력이 있었으나, 물질지식과 학술 지식은 유의적인 영향력이 없었다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.103-120
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• 2005

During the 1970s, concern arose that cured meats contained high levels of residual nitrite and preformed nitrosamines. Therefore, the search for alternatives and alternative approaches to the use of nitrite have been still continued, however no complete alternative for nitrite has yet been identified. Recently, it was publicized in Korea that nitrite-containing meat products would be detrimental to health, about which consumers have been seriously concerned. Therefore, this study was carried out to inform the consumer of the safety status of nitrite and thereby to lead proper consumption of meat products. For assessing the safety of nitrite, data regarding the regulation for use, metabolism in human body, and dietary intake amounts of nitrite were collected and analyzed. The mean intake level of nitrite for Korean per capita was recently reported to be not more than 1% of ADI set by JECFA. On the contrary, a calculation indicated that the daily nitrite intake per capita from saliva by ingestion of vegetables in Korea would be about 300-fold higher than that from cured meats. In consideration of the low consumption amount of meat products per capita of Korean, that is, at least one fifth, compared to European and American, there is no particular reason to concern about the impairment of health by nitrite intake from meat products for Korean. However, any effort for the reduction of residual nitrite content in cured meats should be given with an idea to minimize the intake of nitrite even from the minor source.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.129-133
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• 2010

Intense pulsed light(IPL) is a photo-therapeutic medical device using xenon lamps with optical characteristics of incoherence, defocusing, and polychromatic. IPL has been recognized as a representative medical therapeutic device with growth of domestic skin care market. However, there is no standard regulation manual and guideline to evaluate the safety and performance of IPL. International Electrotechnical Commission(IEC) is being statued "Technical Report IEC TR 60825-16" which is a guidelines for the safe use of intense light source equipment on humans and animals. In this study, a standard Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA) regulation for the safety and performance of IPL was suggested by developing minimal evaluation methods for optical parameters of IPL such as output energy density, pulse mode, spot size, wavelength and uniformity of output light. We expect that this study may be a step to statue a standard regulation manual and guideline for IPLs used in domestic.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.115-123
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• 2013

식품안전관리는 과학적 근거에 따라 진행되어야 한다. FAO/WHO에서는 식품안전관리 4대 원칙 중 하나로 위해성 분석을 제시하고 있으며, WTO에서는 위해성 평가에 입각한 경우에 한하여 자체적인 안전기준을 인정하고 있다. 과학적 분석 없이는 식중독 발생의 원인을 추적 제거함으로써 재발을 막는 것 또한 불가능하다. 연구개발은 과학적 근거를 생산하는 중요한 역할을 한다. 정부의 식품안전 연구개발은 11개 정부기관에서 40개가 넘는 사업을 통해 진행되고 있다. 그렇다보니 정확한 통계 자료를 확보하기 어렵다. 본 연구에서는 사업명, 과학기술표준분류, 키워드라는 3가지 기준에 따라 국가과학기술지식정보서비스(NTIS)에서 제공하는 데이터베이스를 활용해 2008년부터 2010년까지 진행된 식품안전 연구과제를 추출하였다. 분석 결과, 식품의약품안전청과 농림수산식품부 및 농촌진흥청의 연구사업이 중요한 비중을 차지하고 있다. 위해성 평가를 위한 기초자료 확보 등을 위해서는 현재보다 1년 이상 다년도 과제의 비중을 높일 필요가 있다. 또한 SCI 논문을 투고할 수 있는 수준으로 연구의 깊이를 높일 필요도 있다. 노로바이러스 등 생물학적 위해에 대한 연구비중을 높이는 방향으로 연구 포트폴리오의 조정이 필요하다. 이를 위해서는 식품안전 관련 사업의 통합 집중화할 필요가 있다. 별다른 차이가 없음에도 부처가 다르다보니 별도로 설정하고 있는 식품안전관리와 농축산물 위생/품질관리로 이원화된 과학기술표준분류의 통합도 필요하다.