• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.111-117
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• 2000

We assessed dietary patterns of 72 college students and 72 parents. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference in selected nutrient intakes and dietary atherogenicity between young and old generations. Three-day dietary records were used as a tool in collecting data and the diets were analyzed by the computer program Nutritionist IV. Average calori intakes of students and parents were 1,881.5kcal and 1,866.4kcal. Fat intakes were higher for students than those of parents, but problem intakes were higher for parents than those of students. Carbohydrate, protein and fat ratios in energy compositiion of students and parents were respectively 57.6:16.4:26.4 and 59.4:18.3:22.5. Students had slightly higher calcium intakes and consumed more milk exchanges than did parents, but students had lower values than parents when expressed as %RDAs for calcium. Our findings of higher consumptions of fat and sugar, lower fiber intakes, and higher atherogenic scores of diets such as cholesterol index, Keys score and Hegsted score in students than in their parents, would place our students at a higher risk for obesity and cardiovascular diseases.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2001

국내에서 1998년까지 잔류기준이 설정, 고시된 농약성분 202종에 대하여 예상되는 문제점을 확인하는 동시에 이에 필요한 시정 방안을 제시하였다. 기준치로 부터 계산한 이론적 최대섭취량이 ADI 의 80%를 초과하는 농약은 35개 성분에 이르렀다. 국내기준과 Codex기준의 격차가 10배 이상되는 항목은 35종 농약, 47종 농산물에서 나타났다. 국내에서는 202종 농약 중 어느 한 종목에서라도 적용작물이면서 잔류기준이 없는 것은 33개, 적용작물이 아니면서 잔류기준이 있는 것은 50개 항목에 이르렀다. Codex기준에서 농산물의 원료와 가공상태에 따라 잔류기준이 각각 다른 사례들을 검색하였다. 국내기준에서 발견되는 이상의 모순점들을 시정하기 위한 방안을 각각 제시하였다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제30권7호
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• pp.537-545
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• 2021

This study aimed to investigate the improvement effect of 5% (w/w) mung bean (Phaseolus aureus L.) on lipid composition and protein concentration in hyperlipidemic rats. Seven-week-old male (Sprague-Dawley) rats were divided into four groups (n=6, each), and fed experimental diets containing mung bean meal [basal diet+5% (w/w) mung bean (BM), basal-hyperlipidemic diet+5% (w/w) mung bean (BHM)], basal-hyperlipidemic diet (BH), and control (basal diet, BD). Lipid composition in the mung bean diet groups (BM and BHM) evidenced significant reductions in serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, atherosclerotic index, cardiac risk factor, triglyceride, phospholipid, free cholesterol, cholesteryl ester, blood glucose, nonesterified fatty acid, and an elevation in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The serum albumin/globulin ratio was increased in mung bean diet-supplemented rats compared to that in hyperlipidemic rats (p < 0.05). Total calcium, phosphorus and potassium concentrations in sera were higher in the BM, BHM and BD groups than in the BH group. Concentrations of sodium and chlorine in sera were lower in the mung bean diet-supplemented groups than in the hyperlipidemic group. The in vivo experiments showed that ingestion of mung bean was effective in improving lipid composition, protein concentration, and blood glucose.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.530-542
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• 2012

The purposes of this study were to investigate blood profiles and nutrient intakes of groups that are different in obese levels, and to find the credible predictor of insulin resistance. The subjects were classified as normal weight (%IBW${\leq}$ 110), obese without MS and obese with MS according to IDF definition of the risk group in metabolic syndrome (MS). Subjects of this study were included 137 (59 boys, 78 girls) free living children and adolescents (mean age $12.6{\pm}3.4$ years) in Gangneung area, South Korea. %IBW of normal weight (94.9%), obese without MS (123.8%) and obese with MS (131.5%) were significantly different among groups. HOMA-IR had positive correlations with TG (r = 0.634), waist circumference (r = 0.553), atherogenic index (r = 0.513), %IBW (r = 0.453) and ALT (r = 0.360), but showed negative correlations with HDL cholesterol (r = -0.417, p < 0.001). HOMA-IR showed positive correlation with polyunsaturated fatty acid intake (p < 0.05). The energy intake of obese with MS was 1762 kcal/day which was not significantly different from those of normal weight and obese without MS. Total fatty acid intakes of two obese groups were significantly higher than that of normal weight. The results of this study suggest that waist circumference and ALT as well as TG, atherogenic index and weight can be credible indices to predict the insulin resistance in children and in adolescents. In addition, nutrition education and adequate diet should be provided to prevent MS in children and in adolescents.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.224-228
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• 2003

RAPD 분석은 한 개의 primer를 이용하여 임의의 DNA조각을 증폭하는 것이다. 이때 만들어지는 여러 형태의 DNA band유형을 이용하여 살모넬라를 분류할 수 있다. 살모넬라를 효과적으로 RAPD typing할 수 있는 primer들을 엄선하기 위하여 살모넬라 표준군주 16종을 대상으로 총 20가지 primer들의 RAPD 분리력을 비교하여 보았다. 결과는 재현성이 높았으며 이중 primer A, OPG04, OPG10, OPL-03을 16가지 균 모두를 다른 유형으로 분리하였고 primer OPB-17, OPB-6, OPG08, OPL-02는 15가지 유형으로 분리하였다. 이들은 discrimination index, band의 숫자, band scoring의 난이도 등을 고려해 볼 때 나머지 primer 들에 비해 우수한 분리력을 보였다. 이들 primer들은 장창 살모넬라의 RAPD typing에 이용될 수 있을 것으로 보이며, 현재는 이들을 이용하여 돈육 공장의 오염원 구명을 위한 연구를 수행 중이다.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제50권6호
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• pp.578-584
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• 2017

Purpose: Excess intake of sodium is a major diet-related risk factor for human diseases including hypertension and cancer as well as obesity and inflammation. However, findings are still controversial, and evidence is lacking in Koreans. Therefore, for better understanding of the role of dietary sodium intake in disease etiology, this study investigated the effects of dietary sodium intake on adiposity, inflammation, and hormones in Koreans. Methods: A total of 80 males and females joined the study. The general characteristics and dietary intake data were investigated by trained interviewers using a questionnaire and 24-h dietary recall, respectively. For the markers of adiposity, body weight, body mass index, percent of body fat, visceral fat area, and waist and hip circumference were measured. For the inflammation and hormone markers, leptin, adiponectin, insulin, tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, and interleukin-6 were also analyzed. Results: Multivariate linear regression analyses suggested that dietary sodium intake was not associated with adiposity. However, dietary sodium showed a significant association with insulin level: Plasma insulin concentration increased with sodium intake independent of other dietary intake or percent of body fat (${\beta}=0.296$, adjusted $r^2=0.276$, p < 0.01). Other markers for inflammation and hormonal responses were not associated with dietary sodium intake. Conclusion: Findings suggested that dietary sodium intake may be a critical modifying factor in the level of plasma insulin. However, it showed a limited effect on obesity and other inflammation markers and hormone levels. These findings should be confirmed in larger, well-designed investigations.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제42권6호
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• pp.547-558
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• 2009

This study was carried out to compare the effect of smoking on dietary habits, nutrient intakes and blood lipid profiles in 173 adult male drinkers. Subjects were classified by two groups, alcohol-only and alcohol-smoking, based on their alcohol or smoking habits. The BMI of the alcohol-smoking group was significantly lower than those of alcohol-only group. In dietary habits, the alcohol-smoking group had higher irregular breakfast and dinner intakes than alcoholonly group (p < 0.05). Plant lipid intake of the alcohol-smoking group was higher than those of alcohol-only group (p < 0.05) and the vitamin C intake of the alcohol-smoking group was lower than those of alcohol-only group (p < 0.05). With regard to the diet quality evaluation of subjects, the alcohol-smoking group showed significantly lower values than alcohol-only group in the nutrient density of carbohydrate, dietary fiber, sodium, potassium, vitamin $B_6$, and vitamin C. Also, with regard to the index of nutrition quality (INQ) and the nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR), the alcohol-smoking group showed significantly lower value than alcohol-only group in vitamin C. With these results, we found that the alcohol-smoking group had lower diet quality evaluation. The results of blood analysis showed that HDL-cholesterol in the alcohol-smoking group was significantly lower than that in the alcohol-only group. In conclusion, the alcohol-smoking group had greater health risk than the alcohol-only group. Particularly, alcohol-smoking caused irregular eating patterns and unbalanced nutrition intakes compared to alcohol-only and also changed blood composition as shown in the decrease of HDL-cholesterol. Besides, the index of coronary heart disease such as AI was higher in both groups suggesting that alcohol-only or alcohol-smoking cause health problems. Since there is the limiting point in which the comparative analysis of non-drinkers and non-smokers is unable to be performed in this study, further wide research is needed on that matter.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.110-122
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• 2006

Objective : This study was conducted to quantify chronic lead exposure from various media(ie. working environment, food, ambient air), and to certify the usefulness of exposure assessment using Monte-Carlo simulation in the fields of occupational health. Methods : Data were obtained from Korean Industrial Health Association, Korea Food and Drug Administration, and the Ministry of Environment. Then lead worker's exposure was estimated indirectly from various media and parameters (ie. volume inhaled, body weight, dietary intake, etc.). Uncertainty was analyzed by Monte Carlo simulation with Crystal Ball software. Exposure doses and hazard indices were simulated with various hypothetical scenarios including weekly working hours and respiratory protective equipment. Results : Without respiratory protective equipment, the total exposure dose per kilogram of body weight of lead workers was estimated as $5.45{\times}10^{-3}mg/kg/day$, and hazard index was estimated as 2.26, and exposure contributions were calculated as follows : working environment(82.42 %); foods(17.57 %); and ambient air(0.01 %). But, if working condition has changed - reduction of working hours and using respiratory protective equipment, the total exposure dose per kilogram of body weight was estimated between $1.34{\times}10^{-3}-1.49{\times}10^{-3}mg/kg/day$, and hazard index was estimated between 0.56 - 0.62. Conclusions : This study suggested that occurrence of hazardous impact(ie. increased blood pressure) through lifetime lead exposure would be expected, and that the Monte-Carlo simulation was useful for the fields of occupational health.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.46-56
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• 1999

A deep understanding of the dietary patterns and nutrient intake is important for assessment of possilbe nutritional risk and for establishing nutrition improvement strategies. This study was conducted toexamine the dietary characteristics of a nutritionally poor elderly group compared to the middle-and highly-nourished group. Elderly participant was recruited from local elderly centers in Suwon city in 1998. Trained dietitians interviewed 119 elderly(35 males, 84 females) aged 60 years and over for collecting dietary data(24-hour recall) and related variables. Male and female subjects were grouped into high, middle, and low according to the mean nutrient adequancy ratio(MAR) tertiles. An analysisof the percentage of RDA(Recommended Daily Allowances of Korea) for each of the 10 nutrients showed that the male low-MAR group consumed below the RDA in all kinds of nutrients, and the female low-MAR group consumed nutrients below the RDA except vitamin C. An evaluation of nutrient density by Index of Nutritonal Quality(INQ) also showed a similar tendency. Thus, the INQ level of the male low-MAR group was significantly lower than the middle-or high-MAR group, especially in protein, vitamin A, thiamin, riboflavin, and phosphorus(p<0.05). Moreover, INQ level of female low-MAR group was significantly lower than that of the high group(p<0.05) in all nutrients. The female low-MAR group's daily food intake were also lower than those of the high-MARgroup in gains, fish, fruits, oil and beverages. The energy distribution from carbohydrates, fats and proteins showed that the male low-MAR group had significantly higher carbohydrate and lower fat proportions compared to each gender high-MAR group, respectively. The male and female low-MAR group had low scores about eating all side dishes. These findings indicate that a moderate increase of the meat/egg/fishes intake was needed by the male low-MAR group for improving nutrition adequacy, and an overall increase of the food quantity and quality was desired for the female low-MAR group. These data could be used for planning a community elderly nutrition program and establishing strategies for tailored guidelines for the individuals.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제38권9호
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• pp.1187-1194
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• 2009

본 연구는 농촌지역 주민들의 관절염 유병율과 위험요인을 분석하여 관절염 예방을 위한 영양 사업에 기초 자료를 제공하고자 안동시 읍면 지역 농촌의 45세 이상 중년 및 노인 인구를 대상으로 비만도, 혈액의 지질과 공복혈당 상태, 건강관련 생활습관 및 영양소 섭취상태와 관절염 발생의 관련성을 다항로지스틱회귀분석을 사용하여 조사하였다. 각 지역 보건소를 방문한 1,462명 중 의사로부터 관절염 진단을 받았거나 또는 개인의 증상을 토대로 자가 진단한 경우를 관절염군(총 322명, 남자 72명, 여자 250명), 관절염 진단을 받은 적이 없고 자각 증상이 없는 경우를 정상군(총 1140명, 남자 472명, 여자 668명)으로 하여 분석하였다. 여자의 관절염 유병율이 남자에 비해 14% 높았고, 남녀 모두 관절염군의 평균 연령이 정상군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 신체 계측과 혈액의 생화학적 조사 결과, 남자는 신장, 체중, 체지방율, 체질량지수, 허리둘레, 중성지방, 콜레스테롤, 혈당에 있어서 관절염군과 정상군 간에 차이가 없었고, 여자는 관절염군에서 체지방율, 체질량지수, 허리둘레, 중성지방과 총 콜레스테롤에서 정상군보다 유의적으로 높았다. 생활습관을 조사한 결과, 흡연, 음주 및 운동 습관에 있어서 남녀 모두 관절염군과 정상군 간에 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 농사활동 정도에 있어서도 관절염군과 정상군 간에 차이가 없었다. 관절염발생 위험 요인과 위험도를 분석한 결과 관절염 발생 위험도는 남자보다 여자가 1.983배 높은 것으로 나타났고, 연령별로는 45$\sim$64세보다 65세 이상에서 위험도가 높았다. 체지방율과 체질량지수의 경우, 남자는 이들이 관절염 발생 위험요인으로 작용하지 않으나, 여자에서는 체지방율과 체질량지수의 증가에 따라 관절염 발생 위험도도 증가하였다. 혈액의 지질, 총 콜레스테롤, 공복 혈당치는 관절염 발생 위험요인으로 작용하지 않았다. 남자에서 비흡연자보다 흡연자에서 관절염 발생 위험성이 유의적으로 낮은 것을 제외하고는 흡연, 음주 및 운동여부가 관절염 발생의 위험인자라는 증거는 나타나지 않았다. 식품섭취빈도법으로 영양소 섭취 상태를 조사하여 남녀 각각의 중위수를 기준으로 중위수 미만 섭취자와 중위수 이상 섭취자로 이등분하여 관절염 발생 위험도를 분석한 결과, 관절염 발생과 관련이 있는 영양소는 남자의 경우 비타민 A와 리보플라빈으로 나타났고, 여자의 경우 지방, 칼슘, 철분 및 비타민 A로 나타났으나 남자는 비타민A와 리보플라빈의 섭취가 적은 경우에 여자는 지방, 칼슘, 철분 및 비타민 A의 섭취가 많은 경우에 관절염 발생 위험도가 높게 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 거동이 불편한 심한 관절염환자가 포함되지 못한 점, 횡단 연구로 식생활과 질병의 인과관계를 입증할 수 없었던 점, 대상자가 안동지역에 국한되어 있어 일반화하기 어려운 점 등 몇 가지 제한점이 있었다. 하지만 국내에 관절염과 관련요인에 대한 체계적 연구가 부족한 상태에서 이 연구는 비만도 및 혈액의 지질과 공복혈당 상태, 건강관련 생활습관, 영양소 섭취상태가 관절염 발생에 미치는 영향을 분석함으로써 관절염 예방과 치료를 위한 지침 개발을 위한 기초자료로서 가치가 있다고 생각한다.