• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.356-370
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to examine the Western perspective on the food and food culture of Modern Times in Korea (from the late of Joseon Dynasty until Japanese colonial era). Literature and written records were analyzed. This analysis revealed that the heart of the mill in this period involved rice, and that a common beverage was sungnyung made from boiled scorched rice (in contrast to tea as the common beverage in Japan or China). The most important subsidiary food in Joseon was vegetables, especially Kimchi. Westerners viewed Kimchi as a smell symbolizing Joseon and their meal times. Even though both Kimchi and cheese are fermented food, just like Westerners could not stand the smell of Kimchi, Koreans viewed the smell of cheese unpleasant. Westerners viewed German sauerkraut as Western food counterpart to Kimchi, as sauerkraut is also fermented food made of cabbage. Regarding the eating of dog meat in Joseon, most Westerners viewed it as brutal; however some interpreted it as a difference in food culture. In addition, the eating of raw fish and its intestines felt crude to Westerners. The biggest difference between Joseon's food and Western food was that Joseon had no dairy products and no sugar. The most highly preferred fruit for Westerners was the persimmon, and ginseng was already widely recognized and recorded as a medicinal plant. Joseon's desserts were also favorably evaluated. In contrast, the excessive gluttony, heavy drinking, and unsanitary conditions in Joseon were problems pointed out in many records.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.300-309
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• 2022

This study analyzed food poisoning articles in the Joseonwangjosillok to acquire historical evidence. The study method used case studies from the textual content of the Joseonwangjosillok. In all, there were fifteen cases of food poisoning in spring (60%), four cases in summer (16%), five cases in fall (20%), and 1 case during winter (4%). Most cases of food poisoning occurred during spring, followed by fall, then summer, and the least during winter. Foods that caused poisoning were as follows: twelve cases of seafood (48%), three cases of vegetables (12%), two cases of meat (8%), and eight cases of poisonous food (32%). Maximum cases pertained to seafood poisoning, which also spiked during spring. This could be attributed to the increased number of planktons as the sea temperature rose during spring. Due to the increased plankton, shellfish absorbed more toxins. The consumption of increasingly toxic shellfish resulted in more cases of food poisoning. The food poisoning frequency was the most severe during the 18th century, followed sequentially by the 15th, 16th, and 17th centuries, and was the least severe during the 19th century. Joseonwangjosillok showed that food poisoning cases happened most during social events where many guests or family members gathered to eat.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.484-494
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• 2002

This study was conducted to validate the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire that was developed to assess the intakes of fatty acids, as well as energy, carbohydrates, fat, protein, minerals and vitamins in Korean adults. The validity of the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was tested on 78 subjects (31 men,47 women) aged 34 to 66 years. The semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire included 93 food items and was validated on two 3-day dietary records. The mean intakes and the Spearman Correlation Coefficients between the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the two 3-day dietary records were analyzed for each nutrient and food group level. The mean nutrient intakes obtained from the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire were estimated to be greater than those of the two 3-day dietary records. The Spearman Correlation Coefficients between the energy-adjusted nutrient intakes from the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and the two 3-day dietary records ranged from 0.24 for polyunsaturated fatty acids to 0.55 for fat in men and from 0.29 for polyunsaturated fatty acids to 0.55 for saturated fatty acids in women, respectively. The Spearman Correlation Coefficients for food intake ranged from 0.11 for teas and beverages to 0.58 for grains and their products in men,-0.04 for potatoes and starches to 0.73 for milk and dairy products in women. Foods consumed regularly had lower intra-person variation and tended to have higher observed correlation coefficients. These results indicate that the semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire is a useful tool for estimating nutrient intakes, particularly of total fat and saturated fatty acid intakes.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.145-152
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• 2011

This study was conducted to investigate the meal quality and dietary behaviors of low-income family children by qualitative method. The subjects were 12 children(2 boys and 10 girls) aged 7 to 11, enrolled in an after-school care center in Kimpo, Gyeonggi province. Most of their mothers had jobs(83.3%) and 75% were the beneficiaries of a government assistance program. When compared using body mass index(BMI) percentile, 16.7% of the subjects were classified as being overweight. The food intake patterns and meal qualities were evaluated from dietary records for three non-consecutive days. The mean dietary diversity score(DDS) was 3.8, suggesting at least one food group was deficit. Only 8.3% of the records indicated a satisfactory intake of all five food groups, and fruit was the most deficit food group(58.3%). Also, the proportion of balanced of meals was low, especially breakfast(36%), in that main dish(the source of protein) was not included. The children had problematic eating behaviors, such as an unbalanced diet, eating meals in a hurry, skipping breakfast, and irregular meal times. They answered that they liked to eat simple meals and convenient foods. In conclusion, nutrition education should incorporate strategies to reach families and help with meal planning and management, as well as modifying the eating behaviors of children, in order to improve nutritional status.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제33권7호
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• pp.1162-1168
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• 2004

In this study, based on SSOP (Sanitation Standard Operating Procedure) for HACCP in Food Sanitation Act, essential facility, equipment and documentary records for HACCP implementation were identified. Usage and adoption of these devices at Korea Food ＆ Drug Administration appointed HACCP foodservices ("Appointed"), voluntary HACCP applying foodservices ("Voluntary applying") and HACCP non-applying foodservices ("Non-applying") have been compared. Total 46 contract foodservices were surveyed： 13 "Appointed" (65％ of nation-wide all appointed food services in February, 2002),17 "Voluntary applying" and 16 "Non-applying". For usage and adoption of facility and equipment, 18 out of total 27 surveying items showed significant differences at the three foodservice groups (p＜0.01 or p＜0.05). Specifically, following items showed lower usage than 70％ in the "Appointed"： ′A trench including grease trap′, ′3-compartment sink with hot water′. Regarding CCP monitoring tool installation, 8 out of total 9 items showed significant differences among the groups (p＜0.01 or p＜0.05). For the usage of 10 documentary recording items for HACCP application log, 7 items showed significant differences among the groups (p＜0.01 or p＜0.05). Resultantly, most of those essential facilities, equipment and documentary records ;were used only in the "Appointed". The limited usages of those were showed for the "Voluntary applying" where the dietitian answered they applied HACCP voluntarily. The "Non-applying" didn′t have many surveyed items.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.426-440
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• 2017

Objectives: The valid assessment of food and nutrients intakes using appropriate dietary intake method is necessary to improve the nutritional status of the hemodialysis (HD) patients. This study was conducted to compare the method between newly developed, semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (Semi-FFQ) and 7-day dietary records (7-DRs) for hemodialysis patients. Methods: We conducted both methods on 53 maintenance HD patients in two university hospitals. We calibrated the frequency, portion size and daily intake of 47 food items reported in Semi-FFQ. The food and nutrients intake was compared and the correlation of the two methods was analyzed. Also each nutrient intake was compared to recommended dietary allowance for Korean (KDRIs) and recommended nutrient reference value for HD patients. Results: Energy and energy-yielding nutrients intakes were significantly higher in the two methods (p<0.01). These support the possible reliability between Semi-FFQ and 7-DRs that is similar with regard to most mineral and vitamin intakes. Thus, the Semi-FFQ used in this study for the assessment of nutrient intakes of HD patients can be reliable for the assessment of the nutrient intake along with the 7-DRs. The correlation coefficients were higher for foods consumed daily, such as steamed rice, meat and chicken, bean, egg, milk, coffee and alcohol than for those of foods eaten rarely (p<0.01). Conclusions: The Semi-FFQ used in this study can be a reliable tool for the assessment of the HD patients' nutrient intake along with the 7-DRs, despite its limitations.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.26-38
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• 2022

This study used the big data method to analyze the chronological frequency of seafood appearance and variety mentioned by the veritable records of the Joseon dynasty. The findings will be used as a basis for Joseon Period's food cultural research. The web-crawling method was used to digitally scrap from the veritable records of the Joseon dynasty of Joseon's first to the twenty-seventh king. A total of 9,536 cases indicated the appearance of seafood out of the 384,582 articles. Seafood were termed "seafood" as a collective noun 107 times (1.12%), 27 types of fish 8,372 times (87.79%), 3 types of mollusca (1.28%), 18 types of shellfish 213 times (2.23%), 6 types of crustacean 188 times (1.97%), 9 types of seaweed 534 times (5.60%). Fish appeared most frequently out of all the recorded seafood. Sea fish appeared more frequently than the freshwater fish. Kings that showed the most Strong Interest Inventory (SII) were: Sungjong from the 15^thcentury, Sehjo from the 15^th, Youngjo from the 18^th, Sehjong from the 15^th, and Jungjo from the 18^th respectively. Kings of Chosen were most interested in seafood in the 15^th and 18^th centuries.

• Mycobiology
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.328-340
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• 2018

While evaluating fungal diversity in freshwater, grasshopper feces, and soil collected at Dokdo Island in Korea, four fungal strains designated CNUFC-DDS14-1, CNUFC-GHD05-1, CNUFC-DDS47-1, and CNUFC-NDR5-2 were isolated. Based on combination studies using phylogenies and morphological characteristics, the isolates were confirmed as Ascodesmis sphaerospora, Chaetomella raphigera, Gibellulopsis nigrescens, and Myrmecridium schulzeri, respectively. This is the first records of these four species from Korea.

• Mycobiology
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• 제47권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

The distribution and occurrence of rare ascomycete fungi within freshwater samples in Korea was investigated. Three rare fungal strains, CNUFC-YR537-1, CNUFC-CNUP1-1, and CNUFC-NDR3-1, were isolated using serial dilution method. On the basis of their morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis of their internal transcribed spacer regions and 28S rDNA sequences, the three isolates were identified as Acrostalagmus luteoalbus, Bartalinia robillardoides, and Collariella carteri, respectively. To our knowledge, these are the first records of rare genera Acrostalagmus, Bartalinia, and Collariella from Korea, and the first reports of A. luteoalbus, B. robillardoides, and C. carteri from freshwater samples.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.279-286
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• 1990

A nutrition education program has been designed for the children of obese or unbalanced dietary habits. A total of 120 children(60-obese and 60-unbalanced dietary habits) who were in 5th-6th grade was chosen for the program and the effectiveness of the nutrition education was evaluated. The nutrition education program was organized into daily lessons(3 wks). A booklet was made for the education and used during the education period, dealing with 5-Basic Food Groups and their functions, excess or deficiency in a human body, food exchange list, importance of health, obesity, unbalance dietary habits and of school lunch program were emphasized in every day session. dietary recall records were collected to assess their daily food intake and the amounts of meals were discussed. During the education period, booklets, wall charts, photographs, food models, VTR films and slide films were utilized. Assessment of effects of the nutrition education program was carried out by a nutrition knowledge test, food habit records, anthropometric measurements and food preference test. The nutrition knowledge scores were significantly improved after the education and the scores were higher on the children in the school with school lunch program. The anthropometric measurements and food preference test revealed no significant influences of the education on the children, showing that the education period was too short to change their eating behavior any may need a long-term education program. Food habit scores were improved after the education in both experimental and control groups. The experimental groups showed higher scores than the control group.