• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제38권8호
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• pp.672-681
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• 2005

Metabolic syndrome (MS) was defined as condition in which the subjects have two or more abnormalities among obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension and hyperglycemia. To develop a nutritional education program for MS, this study was performed to compare the dietary habits and nutrients intake of complex symptoms of MS with obesity or hyper-glycemia. The participants in this study were 84 normal adults,62 MS with obesity, 33 MS with hyperglycemia and 54 MS with obesity and hyperglycemia (OB + HG). A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method. Total cholesterol level of MS with obesity group was significantly higher than other groups. WHR and systolic blood pressure showed no significant difference among MS with obesity, hyperglycemia and OB+HG groups. Dietary intakes of energy, Fe, Vit A, Vit $B_2$ and Ca were less than $75\%$ of 7th Korean RDA in the all groups. Especially, dietary intakes of Vit $B_2$, Vit A and Ca were less than $50\%$ of RDA in MS with hyperglycemia and OB+HG groups. The other nutrient intakes of each group were also below the RDA level except for P, Vit C. It appeared that most of the nutrient intakes in MS with hyperglycemia and OB + HG groups were significantly lower than normal group. In MS with obesity group, each consumption of sweet, organ meat and soup was higher than other groups. Each consumption of garlic and onion in MS with obesity, hyperglycemia and OB + HG groups was lower than normal group. Also, each consumption of soup in MS with hyperglycemia and OB + HG groups was higher than normal group. Indices of nutritional quality (INQ) for Ca, Vit A and Vit $B_2$ were below 1 in all the groups. Food composition group score of MS with hyperglycemia group was significantly lower than normal and MS with obesity groups. Our results indicated that nutritional education program for MS with obesity or hyperglycemia should include specific strategies to modify unsound dietary habits and inappropriate food intake for health.

• 대한영양사협회학술지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the association of dietary behaviors, serum lipid profiles according to the progression of angiographically evaluated atherosclerosis. The subjects were 32 male patients aged 59-80 yrs living in the Daegu area who underwent initial angiography for their lower extremities. We classified the subjects into two groups according to the seriousness of iliac lesions based on angiographic results : Group I (lower lesion group) and Group II (higher lesion group). Dietary habits were evaluated by 10-item questionnaires. Daily food intake of each subject was assessed by the 24-hour recall method. There were no significant differences in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels between the two groups. The food habit score of Group II was significantly lower than that of Group I (P<0.001). Group II showed significantly lower dietary habit scores in the consumption of fish and bean product (P<0.001), seaweed product (P<0.01), and salt use (P<0.001) than those of Group I. Dietary intake of vitamin C was significantly lower in Group II (P<0.01). Our results indicate that the more serious of atherosclerotic lesions the patients had, the poorer dietary habits they exhibited. Therefore, medical nutrition therapy for atherosclerotic patients should emphasize maintaining a balanced diet by consuming more fishes, beans, and seaweed as well as by reducing salt intake.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.765-778
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate Japanese female marriage immigrants' dietary life and health-related characteristics after immigration to Korea. A survey was conducted with Japanese women married to Korean men and having one child or more aged 7 to 18 years old. Data were collected from 243 women during the summer of 2014. A total of 204 questionnaires were analyzed, after excluding 39 questionnaires with a high percentage of incomplete responses (84% analysis rate). Over 85% of respondents were the members of the Unification Church, and over 92% of respondents had stayed in Korea for longer than 10 years. Based on the overall mean score for dietary adaptation level (3.68 out of 5 points), respondents were classified into two groups: low dietary adaptation group (mean score 3.12) and high dietary adaptation group (mean score 4.19). The collected data were compared between the two groups. The high dietary adaptation group reported higher percentages of decreasing consumption in processed food, confectionary, and bread than the low dietary adaptation group after immigration to Korea. A higher percentage of respondents in the high dietary adaptation group perceived their health status as good and reported changes that led to a healthier dietary life after immigration to Korea compared with those in the low dietary adaptation group. In conclusion, Japanese female marriage immigrants well adapted to Korean dietary life tended to eat healthier and perceive health status better compared with those who were not well adapted. The results of this study could be useful for prospecting dietary life and health-related characteristics of immigrant women in the long term after immigration to Korea.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.899-906
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate the recognition and need for improvement of the Hwangnamppang provided to university students in the Gyeongju area of Korea. To accomplish this, we surveyed 195 university students by questionnaire. The consumption frequency rate revealed that 49.7% of students consumed Hwangnamppang $1{\sim}2$ times a year, while 32.8% consumed it $2{\sim}3$ times per six months and 16.4% consumed it $1{\sim}3$ times a month. Furthermore, the results revealed that 45.6% of the students purchased Hwangnamppang to give as a present. Moreover, 55% of the respondents thought that Hwangnamppang was a suitable gift, but that it was too expensive. In addition, 47.7% of the respondents felt that there were not enough varieties of the product and 26.7% for factor that do not increase Hwangnamppang's consumption respond. Finally, 90% of the respondents felt that there was a need to diversify the red-bean paste used in Hwangnamppang, and felt that the best pieces contained chestnuts (3.66/5 score) or sweet potato (3.62/5 score). Overall, the results of this study revealed that Hwangnamppang requires further development to increase the varieties available and improve the overall acceptability.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.519-529
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• 1997

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors of food adaptation and the changes of food habit on Koreans residing in America. The subject was 89 Koreans residing in Knoxville, TN. The survey was undertaken from October to December of 1995. Demographic characteristics, food behavior, composite adaptation score(CAS), composition of Korean and American foods in 1 day, and frequence and preference changes of foods was determined. The results were summarized as fellows : The mean CAS for all subjects was 17.6 with individual scores ranging from 9 to 23. The CAS were significantly different in residing age, American friends, English speaking ability, eat with Koreans, American food experience before, American food experience now, breakfast type in weekday, breakfast type in weekday, and self-food habits change at p<0.05. No significant differences in CAS could be attributed to sex, marital status, children, and job. Food consumption patterns for breakfast was Korean style 58%, American style 39.3%. For lunch both style was almost same, and for supper Korean style was 78.2%. The intake of food most frequent was rice, and then Kimchee. The preference of Korean foods was increased, though the frequence was decreased. The preference and frequence of American foods were increased respectively.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2012

This study was conducted to identify dietary factors that may affect the occurrence of gastric cancer in Koreans. Preoperative daily nutrition intake and diet quality of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer were evaluated. Collected data were comparatively analyzed by gender. The results were then used to prepare basic materials to aid in the creation of a desirable postoperative nutrition management program. The subjects of this study were 812 patients (562 men and 250 women) who were diagnosed with gastric cancer and admitted for surgery at Soonchunhyang University Hospital between January 2003 and December 2010. Nutrition intake and diet quality were evaluated by the 24-hr recall method, the nutrient adequacy ratio, mean adequacy ratio (MAR), nutrient density (ND), index of nutritional quality (INQ), dietary variety score (DVS), and dietary diversity score (DDS). The rate of skipping meals and eating fast, alcohol consumption, and smoking were significantly higher in males than those in females. The levels of energy, protein, fat, carbohydrate, phosphorous, sodium, potassium, vitamin $B_1$, vitamin $B_2$, niacin, and cholesterol consumption were significantly higher in males than those in females. Intake of fiber, zinc, vitamin A, retinol, carotene, folic acid were significantly higher in females than those in males. MAR in males was significantly higher (0.83) than that in females (0.79). INQ values were higher in females for zinc, vitamin A, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin $B_6$, and folic acid than those in males. The average DVS was 17.63 for females and 13.19 for males. The average DDS was 3.68 and the male's average score was 3.44, whereas the female's average score was 3.92. In conclusion, males had more dietary habit problems and poor nutritional balance than those of females. Our findings suggest that proper nutritional management and adequate dietary education for the primary prevention of gastric cancer should be emphasized in men.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.568-579
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• 2001

This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of Korean diet in the view of food and food group intakes. The study subjects consisted of preschool children(PC), elementary school children(EC), high school students(HS), college students(CS), and adults over 30 years old living Seoul and the surrounding areas. The subjects over 30 years old were classified to 30-49 years, 50-69 years, and over 70 years. A dietary survey was conducted using 24-hour recall method and data were collected from 2392 subjects. Rice was a major contributor to many nutrients intake because of the amount of consumption. Vegetable oil made great contribution to fat intakes and eggs, squid, and anchovy supplied much cholesterol compared to other foods in all the age groups. Milk was major contributor of fat and cholesterol as well as calcium in younger age group, and seasoning gave much contribution to iron intakes. Mean dietary variety score(DVS) was 32 for EC group and 17 for subjects over 70 years, and tended to decrease along the increasing age. EC group consumed most variable number of foods of all groups but they consumed many junk foods, therefore the MAR value was low despite their high DVS value. Mean dietary diversity score(DDS) of each age group from PC group to subjects over 70 years was 4.34, 4.28, 3.79, 3.89, 3.76, 3.56, and 3.25, respectively. Food group, which was consumed below the minimum amount, was mainly fruits in all the age groups, and many subjects in HS group and over 30 years consumed dairy products below the minimum amount. From these results, age specific nutritional problems were found. PC group and subjects over 50 years seemed to need more diverse food intake than now, EC group did nutrient dense food, and HS group and subjects over 30 years did dairy products. Also, subjects took various nutrients from rice and seasoning contributed to some nutrients intakes. (Korean J Nutrition 34(5) : 568∼579, 2001)

• 한국지역사회생활과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.533-548
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• 2014

The Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs developed a program called "Core Action Massages for Green Dietary Life" to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption and improve health. This study examines the degree of perceptions and practices with respect to these massages by considering a sample of 245 homemakers in Ulsan, Korea. The questionnaire consisted of questions about perceptions and practices of Core Action Massage and its three parts of detailed massages: , , . The data were analyzed with cross tabulation analysis, Tukey analysis after ANOVA. The score of agreement to Core Action Massage was 4.57(range 1-5). The score of perception about showed significant differences in age(p<0.01) and income(p<0.05). The score of perception about and showed significant differences in age(p<0.05). The score of practicing showed significant differences in age(0.001), education(0.01), housing style(p<0.01), and region(0.01). The score of practicing showed significant differences in age(p<0.001), education(0.05), and region(0.05). The frequency of practices for was low. As to the results of the study, education on green dietary life must be provided to homemakers, especially young homemakers. Opportunities to experience of farming to appreciate others' efforts to obtain food should also be provided.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.390-397
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• 2010

Survey data from 654 adults (225 males, 429 females) were analyzed based on frequency, percentage, chi-square test, one-way ANOVA; and Duncan's multiple range test. The main results were based on the preference for chungkukjang_(CKJ) products using a 5-point Likert scale. According to the survey, traditional CKJ products received the highest score_(3.64) according to personal preference among all tested products. The responses to eight questions about CKJ products were also measured using a 5-point Likert scale. The question_ as to whether or not "CKJ has anticancer function" received the highest score_(4.24) while the "CKJ is good for hangover" scored the lowest. Regarding the preference for CKJ products, "good for health" (55.3%) and "unpleasant smell" (72.9%) were the most popular answers, Regarding the intention to eat CKJ food products, CKJ tofu was most often selected. Among the 11 items, CKJ tofu, CKJ steak, CKJ hamburger, CKJ ice cream; and CKJ vegetable salad were highly preferred foods. The percentage of respondents that expected "increasing" prospects for CKJ consumption was 55.2%, most likely because 76.9% of the respondents selected "healthy food". Regarding the reasons for decreasing prospects, 68.9% of the respondents chose "peculiar smell". In the same manner, 53.4% of adults replied that future quality improvement should "improve the smell".

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.206-213
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 패스트푸드점 아르바이트생 118명과 패스트푸드점 외의 음식 관련 서비스업에서 일하는 아르바이트생 115명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 식습관과 패스트푸드에 대한 인식 및 패스트푸드 섭취 빈도 등을 비교하여 두 집단 간에 차이가 있는지를 남녀별로 나누어 파악하고자 하였다. 남자의 경우 패스트푸드점 아르바이트생과 그 외 아르바이트생에 있어서 연령, 신분, 주거형태, 용돈, 음주, 흡연, 일하는 시간 및 시급에는 차이가 없었으며, 음주횟수에 차이가 있었다. 여자의 경우 패스트푸드점 아르바이트생은 그 외 아르바이트생에 비해 20세 이상의 대학생이 더 많았고, 6시간 이상으로 일하는 학생이 많았으며, 시간당 급여가 더 높았다. 여자의 경우 패스트푸드점 아르바이트생이 그 외 아르바이트생에 비해 식사 횟수는 적고, 간식으로는 패스트푸드를 먹는다고 한 사람이 더 많았으며, 남녀 모두 야식을 더 자주 먹는 것으로 나타나 식습관이 더 나쁜 경향이 있었다. 또한 패스트푸드점 아르바이트생은 그 외 아르바이트생에 비해 남자의 경우 과일류의 섭취빈도, 여자의 경우 콩 및 콩제품의 섭취빈도가 유의적으로 낮았다. 또한 패스트푸드점 남자 아르바이트생은 패스트푸드의 장점에 대한 인식 점수가 더 낮았다. 패스트푸드점 아르바이트생은 남자의 경우 햄버거류, 피자류, 탄산음료, 여자의 경우 햄버거류, 감자튀김, 도넛, 탄산음료에서 그 외 아르바이트생보다 유의적으로 섭취빈도가 높았으며, 연령, 신분, 주거형태, 용돈, 음주, 흡연, 일하는 시간, 시급 등으로 보정한 후에는 남녀 모두 햄버거류, 피자류의 섭취빈도가 유의적으로 높았다. 총 섭취빈도도 패스트푸드 아르바이트생의 섭취빈도가 더 높았으며, 연령, 신분 등으로 보정한 후에도 여전히 유의적인 차이를 나타냈다. 이와 같이 패스트푸드점에서 일하는 아르바이트생은 그 외아르바이트생보다 식습관이 더 나쁘고, 패스트푸드를 더 자주 섭취하고 있었다. 따라서 패스트푸드 아르바이트생은 결식하지 않고, 다양한 식품을 충분히 섭취하도록 노력하는 등의 좋은 식습관을 갖도록 더 노력해야 할 것이며 이를 도울 수 있는 영양교육이 요구된다.