• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.108-115
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• 2006

This study was to investigate the effect of the education about general nutrition knowledge on the acceptance of TV food advertisements in adolescents. Twenty hours of nutrition related education in home economics classes were done during 3 months, to conveniently selected 784 first grade middle school students living in large and small cities and rural areas of Chungnam Province. The education effects were evaluated through questionnaire surveys before and after the education and their comparative analysis. Average TV watching time was $29.2\pm1.16$ hours per day, which was about one hour longer on weekends. Nearly half of the subjects watched TV mainly after 9 PM. After nutrition education, nutrition knowledge scores of total subjects were significantly increased from $7.73\pm2.16$ to $10.25\pm2.51$ with a full score of 16. Food attitude and food habit scores also significantly increased from $32.45\pm4.65$ (full score 50) to $33.93\pm4.68$ and from $36.20\pm5.70$ to $37.29\pm5.87$, respectively. The general acceptance of TV food advertisements scored $25.25\pm4.44$ (full score 40) before education and $26.90\pm4.55$ after education, which was significantly raised by the education. Acceptance scores of TV food advertisements showed significant positive relationships with the scores of nutrition knowledge, food attitudes, and food habits. In addition, TV watching time had negative relationships with nutrition knowledge, food attitudes, and food habits scores, but not with acceptance score of TV food advertisements. The above results suggested that school-based nutrition education improved slightly but significantly the attitude of accepting TV food advertisements maybe through increasing nutrition knowledge and making food attitudes and habits better. Nutrition education focused on the evaluation and acceptance of food advertisements are further needed to improve the TV food advertisement acceptance of adolescents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.145-159
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• 2006

This study was performed to investigate the stress level, dietary attitudes and nutrient intakes of Food and Nutrition major female students at a university located in Changwon. A total of 122 female students taking the course 'Meal Management' during 2001-2004 participated in this study. The general characteristics, stress level and dietary attitudes of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. The nutrient intake data collected from 3-day food-record method were analyzed by the Computer Aided Nutritional Analysis Program. The symptoms by stress showed that 'eye strain', 'physically exhausted or get tired' and 'pains on neck or shoulders' were high in 59.4-81.8%. The mean scores of stress in 2001-2004 were 8.5-12.0 out of 30 points and the subjects in 2002 and 2004 scored significantly higher on stress level than the subjects in 2001 did (p < 0.00. The mean scores of dietary attitudes were 58.7-66.6 out of 100 points, most of the subjects are belonged to the 'fair' group in terms of dietary habits level. The stress level had a negative correlation with dietary habits (p < 0.001). About 1/3 of the subjects, the intake of calcium, vitamin $B_2$, vitamin A and iron were less than 75% of Korean RDA, whereas more than half of the subject, protein, vitamin C and phosphorus intake were more than 125% of RDA, and intake ratio of Ca and P showed an unbalance of 1 : 2. The animal protein intake was higher than the plant protein, whereas the animal vitamin A and iron intake were lower than vegetable food source. In 2001-2004, the index of nutritional quality (INQ) of vitamin $B_2$ and niacin was 0.56-0.98, and in 2003, the INQs of vitamin $B_2$ was 0.56, and that of niacin was 0.67, which was extremely low when compared to that of the other nutrients. Therefore, nutritional education is necessary if female university students are to practice optimal nutrition, including well-balanced diets of high nutritional quality.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.593-602
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• 2010

This study was carried out to examine the effects of nutrition education program developed by Jincheon Public Health Center on preschool children's nutrition knowledge and dietary habits and the parents' dietary attitudes. The subjects of this study were five- and six-year-old children as well as their parents. A 5-week nutrition education program was implemented to 104 children in five day care centers, and 107 children in three day care centers were investigated as a control group. Activity tools designed for each lesson such as puzzles, food magnets, story, songs, Pierrot costume, and balls were used. Nutrition knowledge and dietary habits of children and dietary attitudes of parents were evaluated before and after education. Mean nutrition knowledge score in the education group was significantly higher than that in the control group after education (p < 0.001). Mean dietary habit score of three questions (three meals a day, eating at fixed time, eating breakfast) in the education group was also significantly higher than that in the control group after education (p < 0.01). In addition, parents in the education group showed significantly higher mean dietary attitude score than those in the control group even though they did not receive education (p < 0.001). Our nutrition education program was found to be effective in improving nutrition knowledge and dietary habits in preschool children as well as improving dietary attitudes in their parents.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.162-178
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• 1992

This study evaluated the effectiveness of affected-based program in changing the nutrition attitudes and behavior of a group of low-income housewives in a urban area near industrial complex. using pre- post- and one month retention test measures of nutrition attitudes knowledge and nutrition behavior. The sample consisted of treatment group(n=58) and control group(n=68, 66 or 61) The treatment group participated in a four-week nutrition course of eight hours offered by faculty members of department of Food and Nutition in Han Nam University. At the conclusion of the program the respondents had improved nutrition attitudes increa-sed nutrition knowledge and improved dietary diversity and dietary quality scores. Nutrition attitude scores rose significnatly from the pretest to post-test for the treatment group only However this improvement was not maintained one month after education. Nutrition know-ledge score of the treatment group increased significnatly from the pretest to posttest and pretest to retention test. Nutrition behavior was measured by food practice dietary diversity and dietary quality scores, The mean food practice score dietary diversity and dietary quality scores were signifi-cantly increased from pretest to posttest for the treatment group. Only dietary diversity scores was maintained from posttest for the retention test for the treatment group. There was a good correlation between nutrition knowlege and attitude scores at the pretest. However no significant corrlation was found between nutrition knowledge and attitude scores at the posttest. At the pretest nutrition knowledge or attitude and behavior were not correlated bu there were significant correations between nutrition knowledge or attitude and behavior at the posttest. It was concluded that a four-week nutrition education program of eight hours duration for the target people can lead to ac hange in dietary behaviors as well as nutrition knowledge and attitude.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.3-13
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to examine dietary attitudes of students and changes in their attitudes toward the school lunch service. The participants of the study were 483 students ranging from third grade elementary school students to middle school sophomores living in the Seoguipo area of Jeju Island. The subjects were asked to complete questionnaires under the supervision of their teachers or dietitians, and data were grouped into elementary school 3rd and 4th grades, elementary school 5th and 6th grades; and middle school 1st and 2nd grades for each gender. There were no significant differences among the groups with respect to their regularity of food intake, dietary considerations, or the frequency of imbalance in their diets. In the case of female participants, their frequency of snacking decreased as their grade level increased. In general, the overall changes in dietary attitudes became more negative as their grade level increased. Male students demanded increased serving sizes of both staple food and side dishes, while female students demanded increased serving sizes dishes, but not staple food as their grade levels increased. there was also an increase in the number of student sin higher grades who discarded or did not eat enough their entire meals. The major reasons for not eating the food were : no taste to the food and not proper saltiness of food. These results may suggest that school dietitians need to pay more attention to increased taste and proper seasoning of meals. Students suggested that the school lunch service should be continued, but that it needs improvement. Students in higher grades were more aware of the importance of the environment in which the meal was provided. Also, an early education in nutrition and healthy diets seemed important in preparing them for following a healthy lifestyle in later life.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.840-854
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• 2008

This study was carried out to compare the nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitudes and eating behaviors of dietitians and non-dietitians. The subjects of this study were 148 dietitians and 195 non-dietitians who are working in the metropolitan area. The general characteristics, nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitudes and eating behaviors of the subjects were surveyed using a self-administered questionnaire. The results were as follows: The result of anthropometric data and body mass index showed no significant differences between dietitians and non-dietitians groups. The dietitian group ($16.61{\pm}1.82$) showed a significant difference (p < 0.001) compared to the non-dietitian group ($14.60{\pm}2.17$) in nutrition knowledge scores. Nutrition attitudes of the dietitian group ($36.66{\pm}6.91$) was a little higher than the non-dietitian group ($36.21{\pm}7.95$), but not a significant difference. The dietitian group ($61.52{\pm}9.37$) and the non-dietitian group ($62.50{\pm}11.25$) were no significant difference in eating behaviors. The correlation between nutrition knowledge scores and nutrition attitudes score of dietitians and non-dietitians groups were no significantly difference and also the correlation between nutrition knowledge scores and eating behaviors scores were not statistically significance. Whereas, the correlation between nutrition attitudes and eating behaviors showed a significant difference (dietitian r = 0.40829, non-dietitian r = 0.51914). From these results, we could see the necessity of emphasis of nutrition knowledge by mending the education is necessary to enable dietitians to apply that in real life. Also it is important to guide non-dietitians to adjust their nutrition knowledge, nutrition attitudes and eating behaviors.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.434-441
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• 1997

Fat consumption has decreased since the 1950's in the United States, and coronary heart disease mortality rates have gradually declined as well. These changes might be associated with changes of attitudes due to increased information about the relationship between fat consumption and hear disease. The purpose of this study was to determine whether knowledge and attitudes concerning fat and foods high or low in fat had an impact on peoples' actual fat consumption. for this study, the data of fat consumption and knowledge/attitudes of people came from the 1989-1991 Continuing Survey of food Intakes by Individuals/Diet and Health Knowledge Survey (CSFII/DHKS), conducted by USDA. It was found that women 65 years ed older tried to avoid more fat and consume more vegetables than those aged 25-64 years ; in fact, the actual fit consumption of those over 65 years was lowest among all age categories. However, the elderly did not have as much nutrition knowledge as people aged 25-64 years. Attitudes concerning vegetables and health were a better predictor of fat consumption than those concerning fat itself. However, low-fat milk consumption was influenced by nutrition knowledge as well as attitudes about fat intake people with better knowledge and attitudes concerning fat intake consumed more low-fat milk. This could be resulted from the reason that low-fat milk is a good substitute for whole milk. The conclusion of this study is that there are two essential elements in healthy eating patterns： a) good attitudes towards fat and vegetable consumption, and b) correct nutritional knowledge concerning the fat-content of foods and the availability of alternatives.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2013

Research was carried out on 204 university students in Daegu and Seoul who majored in food and nutrition (male: 23, female: 84) and physical education (male: 79, female: 18). The average age of males was 21.6 and for females 21.5. The Body Mass Index (BMI) was $21.74{\pm}2.91kg/m^2$ normal. The research examined attitudes on exercise. Dietary life and health awareness. It turned out both groups gave strong consideration to healthy habits and an awareness of exercise. Students majoring in physical education showed a positive self-evaluation of health but also showed higher rates of exposure to smoking as well. Both groups realized the importance of both exercise and nutrition in education. In terms of breakfast, few students frequently had breakfast (31.4% out of total) and of these. 64.5% had it traditionally (boiled rice, soup, and side dishes). There were 3.4% students who never had breakfast. As shown in our research, students who majored in food and nutrition had positive attitudes on exercise, dietary life, and health for the future, rather than the present. Thus, the development of educational and support programs, to make this future real are greatly needed.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.149-159
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• 2018

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: College students are in transition from adolescence to adulthood, and it has been reported that they show poor dietary habits. This study was conducted to compare body image perception, nutrition knowledge, dietary attitudes, dietary habits, and health-related lifestyles between Korean college students (KCS) and Mongolian college students (MCS). SUBJECTS/METHODS: Subjects were 314 KCS and 280 MCS. The data includes results of self-administered questionnaires; statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 23.0 program. RESULTS: With regards to body image perception, KCS perceived themselves to be fatter on current body image than ideal body image compared to MCS; 64.0% of KCS and 34.6% of MCS desired to be thinner. Total score of nutrition knowledge in KCS (17.0) was significantly higher compared to MCS (8.4) (P < 0.001), but total score of dietary attitudes in KCS (27.0) was significantly lower compared to MCS (31.2) (P < 0.001). Nutrition knowledge had a significantly positive correlation with dietary attitudes in MCS (P < 0.01). Meal consumption among male and female subjects was 2 and 3 times, respectively, in order in KCS, and 3 and 2 times, respectively, in order in MCS (P < 0.001). Rate of skipping breakfast in both genders was significantly higher in KCS than in MCS (male: P < 0.05, female: P < 0.001). In health-related lifestyles, KCS had a significantly higher rate in frequency of alcohol drinking (P < 0.001), exercise (P < 0.01), and mobile phone usage (P < 0.001), compared to MCS. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that development of nutrition education program which is effective and proper is required to improve healthy dietary habits among college students of both countries. Essential contents should include acquirement of nutrition knowledge and a motivation for its application to actual life for KCS, and improvement of healthy dietary habits for MCS.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.175-188
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• 2000

This study was to investigate the consumption pattern, behaviors, and motivational attitudes related to fruit and vegetables. Data were collected from 344 mothers whose children were attending an elementary school and a middle school in Kimcheon. The average vegetable expenses were under 10,000 won per week. The frequency of purchasing vegetables was 2-3 times a week. Housewives usually bought the vegetables at local markets and grand shopping centers. As for buying vegetables, housewives considered the organic vegetables, preference, price, and nutrition in order. In the family, the vegetables were favored by husbands most and by sons least. The average fruit expenses were under 10,000 won per week. The frequency of purchasing fruit was 2-3 times a week. Housewives usually bought the fruit at local markets and grand shopping centers. As for buying fruit, housewives considered preference, price, and nutrition in order. The fruit were favored by all members most and by husbands least. Housewives identified barriers to increasing vegetables and fruit consumption, including preference for other foods, lack of availability, cost, and time and effort to prepare. Several implications for nutrition interventions were suggested. First, a key motivation for these women was eating healthy food when they are pregnant, suggesting a persuasive appeal to use in interventions. Second, review of the women's current behaviors led to an identification of four specific behaviors that had the most potential for increasing overall consumption. Finally, the findings suggested ways in which nutrition interventions could address each of the barriers identified.