• 한국언어정보학회지:언어와정보
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.1-26
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• 2004

This paper investigates the nature of the discourse domain involved with focus sentences. The major theories of focus including Roothian Alternative Semantics are critically reviewed: Alternative Semantics takes a contradictory attitude toward the truth conditional aspect of free focus. The truth conditional differences are treated as a pragmatic inference, while they are captured by the semantic mechanism, that is, the alternative sets generated by focus constructions. In addition, the alternative sets are ad hoc since they are generated only for focus constructions. This paper attempts to show that the alternative sets introduced by foci in the framework of Alternative Semantics are neither necessary nor sufficient for an analysis of focus. It is argued that the domain sets simply provided by the model itself suffices for a proper analysis of focus constructions.

• 대한음성학회지:말소리
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• 제38호
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• pp.1-24
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• 1999

There is an indisputable connection between prosody and focus. The focal prominence in Korean, a prosodic realization of pitch prominence in an utterance, defines a focused constituent, the domain of which is identified by the Focus Identification Principle. To this is added the Basic Focus Rule which makes it possible to capture and interpret the focal domain, which can then be tested against the available context. The focal domain can be contextually made available by setting it off with information structure boundaries(I/S) identified by the Information Structure Identification Principle. The fragment of the utterance enclosed within the IS boundaries can be recognized as 'new' information with the help of the Focus Domain Identification Rule. Since information structures are pragmatically tied to semantic levels of grammatical systems, the Basic Focus Rule is now replaced by the Focal Prominence Principle ensuring the focal prominence within the focal domain. Close relationships exist between patterns of intonation and their expressiveness in terms of giving a pragmatically-oriented description of focus. This is particularly manifested in Korean sentences containing contrastiveness.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2018

집중도는 사용자 연구에서 중요한 감성적 반응으로 고려되고 있다. 객관적인 측정 방법으로 심장반응을 이용하여 데이터화 한다면 집중도를 감시할 수 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 상호작용을 하는 상황에서 유발되는 집중도의 차이에 따른 심장 반응의 패턴 분석을 통해 객관적이고 정량적으로 집중도를 인식하는 방법을 개발하는 것이다. 대학생 피험자 60명이 집중도 실험에 참여하였고 실험하는 동안 피실험자들의 심전도를 측정하였다. 실험은 화살로 타겟을 맞추는 게임으로 쉬운 난이도와 어려운 난이도로 구성하였다. 심전도로 부터 시간 영역 인디케이터와 주파수 영역 인디케이터를 추출하였다. 독립 표본 t검정 결과, 심전도로부터 추출한 시간 영역 인디케이터인 RRI와 SDNN, rMSSD, pNN50에서 집중도 차이에 따라 통계적으로 차이가 유의미하였다. 주파수 영역 인디케이터에서는 LF와 HF, lnLF, lnHF가 집중도 차이에 따라 통계적으로 차이가 유의미하였다. 이 중 집중도의 차이에 따라 패턴의 차이가 큰 RRI와 rMSSD, lnHF를 선정하여 통합 인디케이터를 생성하였다. 통합 인디케이터를 통해 도출한 룰베이스를 낮은 집중과 높은 집중 60개의 데이터 샘플을 통해 검증한 결과, 95%로 높은 인식 정확도를 보였다. 본 연구에서 제안한 집중도 인식 방법을 콘텐츠를 비롯한 다양한 분야에 적용하여 집중도를 높일 수 있는 컨텐츠적 요소들을 개발한다면 효율 및 흥미를 증진시킬 것이라 기대된다.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.195-227
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• 2004

This paper concerns the issue related to the focus phenomena with a particular reference to the two alternating orders (continuous vs. discontinuous orders) in particle constructions in English. To explain the alternation of word order in particle constructions, I will argue that the choice of word order is closely related to the focus property of the object DPs. Following Drubig (2003), I will assume that focus-feature is taken to be a syntactic feature assigned freely to a lexical head in the process of the mapping into Lexical Array (LA) from the lexicon (LEX). I argue that the focus-marked object DP cannot move out of its focus domain and thus the continuous order is derived. In the case of non-focus-marked object DP, however, the object DP moves out of VP in order to receive an appropriate interpretation. As a result, the discontinuous order is derived.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.150-177
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• 2018

We review two specific risk management strategies of venture capitalists (VCs): deal syndication and domain specialization with respect to their explicit role in adjudging and managing the overall magnitude of information asymmetry risks. These are analyzed for three distinct categories of VC firms as classified by their funding stage focus (early vs. late), ownership type (foreign vs. domestic) and the human capital composition of the core VC team (entrepreneurial vs. investor). The analysis is based on both secondary data and primary data for active 72 VC firms in India. Syndication is moderately important for entrepreneurial VC firms, but not at all important for early-stage focused and foreign VC firms. This finding is distinctly different from what has been conventionally observed in the literature. Among the various arenas of domain specialization, high-technology focus is important for all segments of VC firms. In the context of investment-stage focus, foreign VC firms exhibit growth-stage specialization, while entrepreneurial VC firms concentrate on earlier investment stages.

• 음성과학
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.21-31
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• 2001

The effects of focus on prosodic phrasing, F0, and duration are investigated paying attention not only to the target of focus but also to the constituents that are outside the domain of focus in Korean. We find that the constituents preceding and following the focused word tend to be dephrased. Dephrasing does not always cover up to the Intonation Phrase boundary contrary to Jun's (1993) claim. Dephrasing caused by focus determines F0 and durational difference between focused and neutral sentences. Syntactic constituency is also shown to playa role in prosodic phrasing.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.2253-2272
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• 2018

We propose a deep learning method for multi-focus image fusion. Unlike most existing pixel-level fusion methods, either in spatial domain or in transform domain, our method directly learns an end-to-end fully convolutional two-stream network. The framework maps a pair of different focus images to a clean version, with a chain of convolutional layers, fusion layer and deconvolutional layers. Our deep fusion model has advantages of efficiency and robustness, yet demonstrates state-of-art fusion quality. We explore different parameter settings to achieve trade-offs between performance and speed. Moreover, the experiment results on our training dataset show that our network can achieve good performance with subjective visual perception and objective assessment metrics.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.128-129
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• 2018

Soft ferromagnetic materials are utilized for various electromagnetic devices such as magnetic recording heads and magnetic shielding. In situ observation of magnetic microstructures and domain wall motions are prerequisite for understanding and improving their magnetic properties. In this work, by the Fresnel (out-of-focus) method of Lorentz microscopy, we observe the domain wall motions of polycrystalline Ni/Ti thin film layers triggered by single-shot laser pulse. Random motions of domain walls were visualized at every single pulse.

• 한국비블리아학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.145-166
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• 2019

정보행태 연구 커뮤니티에서 그간 다수의 이용자 관련 모형들이 제시되어온바, 본 연구의 출발점은 정보검색 상호작용 모형을 포함한 대부분의 모형들이 포괄적 영역을 제시하는 다(多)영역 모형이라는 점이다. 본 연구는 다 영역 모형의 제한점을 논의한 후, 새로운 모형 유형 제시의 필요성을 제기한다. 이와 관련, 연구 커뮤니티내의 핵심 모형 네 가지를 분석 고찰한 후, 특정영역 초점 모형화(Specific Domain Focus Modeling - SDFM)에 기반한 새로운 모형 유형을 제시한다. 이러한 모형화의 예로써, 본 연구는 필자의 시스템-자료 군 연계정도 기반 정보검색 상호작용 모형을 제시한다.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2007년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.820-823
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• 2007

In the wavenumber domain, each point on a radiation sphere indicates a plane wave of the frequency corresponding to radius of the sphere and the position on the sphere shows propagating direction of the plane wave. This concept is extended from the research by Choi[1] where he focus acoustic potential energy at a point on a radiation sphere. Here we propose the method to focus the energy at a point on the radiation sphere, as a result, we can easily generate a plane wave which propagates to any direction that we want.