• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.121-126
• /
• 2008

Pulse diagnosis refers to the process of diagnosing a patient by feeling an artery on the wrist based on the shape that the pulse take s while the hold-down pressure increase. The styloid process artery on the wrist is usually felt, and the pulse is taken on Chon, Gwan and Cheok using three fingers. This study is to examine the structural difference in the location of pulse diagnosis by measuring and analyzing blood diameter, blood depth, and blood flow velocity of the location of pulse diagnosis by using ultrasonic wave (VOLUSION730 PRO, GE Medical, U.S.A). This study also attempted to grasp whether the characteristics of blood vessels differ depending on Body Mass Index (BMI) and analyzed their correlation with Oriental medical pulse diagnosis. The male subjects without cardiovascular diseases were divided into the normal BMI group, the underweight group and the overweight group and 10 people of each group were measured, Blood depth, blood diameter and blood flow velocity at the location of pulse diagnosis (Chon, Gwan, Cheok) of the wrists of left and right hands were measured and the pulse wave was measured by using pulse diagnosis instrument (3-D Mac, DaeyoMedi, Korea).The results of this study showed that the characteristics of blood vessels differ depending on the degrees of obesity, and the characteristics of floating pulse and sinking pulse of Oriental medical pulses were related to the degrees of obesity. This shows that the characteristics of the blood vessels of subjects and BMI information are the major indicators for diagnosis and are the matters that must always be considered when developing the algorithm of pulse diagnosis.

• Journal of Industrial Technology
• /
• v.27 no.B
• /
• pp.15-20
• /
• 2007

This paper presents the new design method for the gate driver circuit of the floating MOSFET by using the pulse transformer. Each parameters of the proposed circuit are delivered by the numerical calculation method. By considering inner characteristics of MOSFET, the gate driver makes to increase the efficiency of the power conversion and decrease operating heat. Computer simulations and to experimental results for a Buck Converter are presented in order to validate the proposed method.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.1403-1409
• /
• 2008

The purpose of this study is to develop the systematic process on the discrimination of Sasang constitution with the pulse diagnosis apparatus. The pulse waves were acquired at the right and the left Guan point with 1420 people who were apparently healthy. In order to minimize the effect of aging on the shape of pulse wave, the age groups of 30s, 40s, and 50s were used. Taeum group was the best to classify, Soyang group was the worst. With the same group size, the sensitivity of Soyang group was increased. Input variables were selected with the consideration of the floating-sink ratio, tests of equality of group means, multiple comparison, multicollinearity, and structure matrix. To increase the sensitivity of Soyang, the variables which could tell the difference between Soyang and Soeum were selected.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.118-131
• /
• 2006

1. Objective Pulse diagnosis is generally applied to Traditional Oriental Medicine but not to Sasang Constitution diagnosis. Recently new pulse analyzer using array piezoresistive sensor and multi-channel robot arm developed. It reflects Oriental Medical Doctors' diagnostic processes, and its reproducibility test was done at Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine. We performed this study to set parameters diagnosing Sasang Constitution. 2. Methods One hundred thirty three subjects participated in this study. They are healty and approved this study. Before being tested with pulse analyzer, they had interview with Sasang Constitution Specialist to diagnose their Sasang Constitution. We established some useful parameters from parameters of pulse analyzer according to the Original Texts of Oriental Medicine and clinical experiences to analyze with clinical data of this study. 3. Results (I) There is a significant difference in pre-dicrotic notch time among all parameters of pulse analyzer in Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.047). (2) There is a significant difference in maximum pulse pressure in 33 to 48 year Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.010). (3) There is a significant difference in frequency width in 17 to 32 year Sasang Constitution groups(P=0.002). (4) There is a significant difference in CFS value in groups which OMD diagnoses; Floating & Sinking pulse(P=0.020). (5) There is a significant difference in pulse rate in groups which OMD diagnoses; Rapid & Slow pulse(P=0.000). (6) There is a significant difference in maximum pulse pressure in groups which OMD diagnoses; Deficient & Solid pulse(P=0.000). 4. Conclusions Analyzing parameters in each Sasang Constitution group, we found it shows significant difference in maximum pulse pressure and corresponding tendency in coefficient of floating & sinking pulse with theories of Sasang Consti-tutional Medicine. As we accumulate more clinical data, we will establish algorithm to diagnose Sasang Constitution using a pulse analyzer.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• v.17 no.3
• /
• pp.653-663
• /
• 2017

Multilevel active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) converter combines the advantages of three-level ANPC converter and multilevel flying capacitor (FC) converter. However, multilevel ANPC converter often suffers from capacitor voltage balancing problems. In order to solve the capacitor voltage balancing problems for five-level ANPC converter, phase-shifted pulse width modulation (PS-PWM) is used, which generally provides natural voltage balancing ability. However, the natural voltage balancing ability depends on the load conditions and converter parameters. In order to eliminate voltage deviations under steady-state and dynamic conditions, the active voltage-balancing control (AVBC) methods of floating capacitors and dc-link capacitors based on PS-PWM are proposed. First, the neutral-point current is regulated to balance the neutral-point voltage by injecting zero-sequence voltage. After that, the duty cycles of the redundant switch combinations are adjusted to balance the floating-capacitor voltages by introducing moderating variables for each of the phases. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed AVBC methods is verified by experimental results.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.119-125
• /
• 2008

Among the various pulse diagnosis contents in "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)", we researched the pulse conditions that are belonged to Sameumsamyang(三陰三陽), and made a comparative study with pulse conditions of five organs[五臟], that of six meridians in "Sanghallon(傷寒論)". So from now on, this study would make help to understand standard pulse condition of Sameumsamyang(三陰三陽) diseases for clinical application. In "Hwangjenaegyeong(黃帝內經)", pulse condition of Taeyang(太陽) is expressed to be floating, Yangmyeong(陽明)'s condition to be strong but with a little bit weakness, Soyang(少陽)'s condition to be intermediate between Eum(陰) and Yang(陽), Taeeum(太陰)'s condition to be low and soft, So-eum(少陰)'s condition to be low and weak with some occasional upward tendency, Gweoleum(厥陰)'s condition to be mixed state of Eum and Yang.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics D
• /
• v.34D no.9
• /
• pp.56-63
• /
• 1997

There generally exists a large variation in the thereshold voltages of the flash EEPROM cells after they are erased by using th fowler-nordheim tunneling, thereby getting some cells to be overeased. If the overerased cells are programmed with the conventional one-step programming scheme where an 12-13V pulse with the duration of 100.mu.S is applie don the control gate for the programming, they can suffer from the significant degradation of the reliability of the gate oxide. A two-step programming schem, where an 8/12 V pulse with a duration of 50.mu.S for each voltage is applied on the control gate for the programming, has been studied to solve the problem. The experimental results hav eshown that there is little difference in the programming characteristics between those two schemes, whereas the degradation of the gate oxide due to the programming can be significantly reduced with the two-step programming scheme compared to that with the one-step programming scheme. This is possibly because the positive charge stored in the floating gate of the overerased cells is compensate dwith the electrons injected into the floating gate while the 8V pulse is applied on the control gate, which leaves the overerased cells in the normally erased state after the duration of the 8V pulse.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.945-960
• /
• 2011

The BianMaiFa chapter, which is the first chapter of SongBon ShangHanLun, is the scholarly description(專論) of the pulse and pathological mechanism but has not been studied and published yet. This study is about article 1-10 which is the first part of The BianMaiFa chapter. We compared the original texts within the editions, comparing and analyzing the annotations of successive dynastic medical group. The articles of The SongBon ShangHanLun BianMaiFa chapter 1-10 is consisted as is shown: article 1 discriminates pulse by yin-yang and states about the prognosis of disease according to pulse, article 2 states about binding in yin and binding in yang which is from abnormal exuberance of yin and yang, article 3 states about the pulse and pathological mechanism of chills with fever, article 4 states about pathological mechanism and symptom of nutrient and defense through pulse, article 5 distinguishes within binding in yang(陽結), binding in yin(陰結), yang faintness(陽微), yang debilitation(陽衰), blood collapse(亡血) by the pulse which was in article 2 3 4, article 6 7 8 9 10 states states about the shape or pathological mechanism of bound pulse(結脈) skipping pulse(促脈) stirred pulse(動脈) moderate pulse(緩脈) string-like pulse(弦脈) tight pulse(緊脈) drumskin pulse(革脈). Article 4 could be understood that inch pulse is floating and deficient shape and cubit pulse is sunken and weak shape(寸脈浮虛, 尺脈沈弱) related to article 3, article 5 could be understood as binding in yin and yang is aggregation shape related to article 2, yang-qi faintness is floating and debilitation shape, yang-qi debilitation is sunken and faint shape, blood collapse is deficient and stasis shape related to article 3 4.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.1-28
• /
• 2011

Objectives: A study on the importance and consistency of pulse-daignosis in the Dongeuibogam Methods: We used Deyeuk Dongeuibogam of Dongeuibogam publishing company from original photographic edition. Results: The frequency of 27 mek (pulse condition) in Dongeuibogam is as in the following. Bumek (Floating pulse) appeared 120(8.9%) times, wanmek (moderate pulse) appeared 28(2%) times, chokmek (running pulse) appeared 7 (0.5%) times, gyumek (hollow pulse) appeared 19 (1.4%) times, saekmek (uneven pulse) appeared 33 (2.4%) times, sapmek (uneven pulse) appeared 51 (3.8%) times, kyulmek (knotted pulse) appeared 18 (1.3%) times, whalmek (slippery pulse) appeared 69 (5.1%) times, chimek (slow pulse) appeared 43 (3.2%) times, demek (intermittent pulse) appeared 13 (1%) times, silmek (replete pulse) appeared 45 (3.3%) times, bokmek (deep-sited pulse) appeared 29 (2.1%) times, neomek (firm pulse) appeared 4 (0.3%) times, hyunmek (taut pulse) appeared 110 (8.1%) times, yumek (soft pulse) appeared 20 (1.5%) times, dongmek (short and rapid pulse) appeared 16 (1.2%) times, kinmek (tense pulse) appeared 67 (5%) times, yakmek (weak pulse) appeared 46 (3.4%) times, semek (thready pulse) appeared 62 (4.6%) times, hongmek (full pulse) appeared 50 (3.7%) times, jangmek (long pulse) appeared 14 (1%) times, sakmek (rapid pulse) appeared 103 (7.6%) times, mimek (indistinctive pulse) appeared 65 (4.8%) times, danmek (short pulse) appeared 16 (1.2%) times, demek (large pulse) appeared 106 (7.9%) times, chimmek (deep pulse) appeared 112 (8.3%) times, heomek appeared 70 (5.2%) times, sanmek (scattered pulse) appeared 14(1%)times. Conclusions: We can know Donguibogam is given on the basis 27mek (pulse condition), because the frequency of 27mek (pulse condition) is high. But there are another expressions. So we can not say that Donguibogam is consistent in expressing mekbub(the way of pulse-diagnosis).

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.1-10
• /
• 2014

Objectives : For the excellent differentiation of syndromes, we study on the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Methods : To the subject of diagnosis special books and diagnostics textbook of korean medicine, we arrange the individual characteristic factor by the interrogation of history taking and palpation. Results : The interrogation of history taking on the individual characteristic factor was arranged dispositional symptoms and individual characteristic of syndromes. And the pulse taking and palpation on the individual characteristic factor was arranged the moderate person's pulse condition ; floating pulse, deep and sinking pulse, replete and forceful pulse, intermittent pulse, long pulse, slippery or smooth pulse, relaxed or loose pulse (浮沈實大長滑緩脈), six Yin and six Yang pulse (六陽脈, 六陰脈). Conclusions : As the results, the individual characteristic factor is very important item of the four methods of diagnosis and the differentiation of syndromes. And therefore, we have to divide the signs of individual characteristic factor and the signs of disease in the process on four methods of diagnosis and differentiation of syndromes.