• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.259-264
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• 1985

김치의 숙성중(熟成中) 산패방지(酸敗防止) 및 가식기간(可食期間)의 연장(延長)을 목적(目的)으로 citric acid와 sodium citrate를 혼합(混合)한 pH 조정제(調整劑)의 완충능력검토(緩衝能力檢討)와 이를 사용(使用)한 김치숙성실험(熟成實驗)을 행하고 산도(酸度), pH, 당도(糖度), chlorophyll 함량(含量), vitamin C 함량(含量) 및 미생물수(微生物數)의 변화(變化)를 조사(調査)함과 동시에 산미(酸味) 색상(色相) 및 종합적(綜合的)인 맛에 대한 관능검사(官能檢査)를 행하였다. 그 결과 김치숙성(熟成)에 적합(適合)한 citric acid 와 sodium citrate의 비(比)는 1:9 이었으며 이를 김치의 0.3% 첨가(添加)시켜 숙성(熟成)시킨 결과(結果) 산도(酸度), pH, 산미(酸味) 및 종합적(綜合的)인 맛에 의하여 평가된 가식기간(可食期間)을 배(倍)로 연장(延長)시킬 수 있었다. 또 pH 조정제첨가(調整劑添加)로 바람직한 색상(色相)을 유지시킴은 물론 vitamin C의 함량과 유산균(乳酸菌)의 생육(生育)에 있어서도 양호(良好)한 결과(結果)를 나타내었다.

• 한국관광식음료학회지:관광식음료경영연구
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.59-77
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• 2003

본 연구는 $\beta$-CD처리된 체다 치즈에서의 콜레스테롤 제거 율과 맛의 개발 그리고 쓴 아미노산 물질을 발생을 알아보기 위하여 시행되었다 1) 제어판 (균질화 및 $\beta$-CD처리를 안 함) 2) 우유가공(1000 psi의 우유 균질화 처리, 1% $\beta$-CD처리). 치즈의 콜레스테롤 제거 율은 79.3% 이었다. 짧은 고리의 무지방산(FFA)은 제어된 치즈와 차리 우유를 사용한 치즈 양쪽에서 숙성시간에 따라 증가한다. 5-7개월 숙성시킨 치즈의 짧은 고리 무지방 산의 분해 량은 가공된 묽은 우유로 만든 치즈가 제어된 것보다 더 컸다. 중성의 휘발성 혼합물(neutal volatile compounds)의 생산은 샘플들간에 그리 차이를 보이지 않았다. 쓴맛의 아미노산은 우유 가공된 쪽에서 더 많이 생성되었다. 감각 분석에 의하면 제어된 체다 치즈의 텍스쳐 점수는 상당히 증가하였지만 콜레스테롤이 감소된 치즈에서는 숙성시간에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. 본 연구의 결과는 낮은 온도에서 균질화 시킨 후 $\beta$-CD 처리된 우유로 만들어진 치즈는 효과적인 콜레스테롤 감소와 치즈 숙성이 빠른 반면에. $\beta$-CD 처리에 의한 맛의 저하는 없다는 것을 의미한다.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.730-736
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• 2013

This study was to establish irradiation process for serving ginseng chicken porridge to immune-compromised patients. Raw chicken, glutinous rice, ginseng, garlic, dried jujube and carrot were used as raw materials for ginseng chicken porridge. The initial level of microorganisms contaminated in raw materials and their predominant species were determined. The level of microorganism detected in raw chicken and in ginseng were 3.4 Log CFU/g and 4.7 Log CFU/g, respectively. Major predominant microorganisms were Pseudomonas fragi in chicken, Enterobactor faecalis in carrot, and Bacillus subtilis in other materials. Chicken and carrot were excluded from irradiation treatment because ordinary thermal treatment can inactivate the microorganisms contaminated in those materials. Five kGy of gamma ray was the effective sterilizing dose required to inactivate B. subtilis in glutinous rice, garlic and jujube, and 10 kGy in ginseng. Ginseng chicken porridge was prepared with each of raw materials gamma-irradiated with the selected sterilizing doses. Control was ginseng chicken porridge prepared with non-irradiated materials. The growth of microorganisms was not observed in the chicken porridge prepared with irradiated raw materials. Sensory results showed that the score of flavor and off-flavor was slightly lower in ginseng chicken porridge prepared with irradiated raw materials than in control. This was considered to be due to the increase of TBARS values by gamma irradiation. However, there was no significant difference on overall acceptance between the porridge prepared with irradiated raw materials and control. The results showed that the individual gamma irradiation of raw materials can be applied to prepare ginseng chicken porridge as meals for the immunocompromised patients.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1373-1380
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• 2014

The thyroid hormone responsive protein (THRSP) gene is a functional gene that can be used to indicate the fatty acid compositions. This study investigates the relationships of exonic single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the THRSP gene and fatty acid composition of muscle fat and marbling score in the 612 Korean cattle. The relationships between fatty acid composition and eight SNPs in the THRSP gene (g.78 G>A, g.173 C>T, g.184 C>T, g.190 C>A, g.194 C>T, g.277 C>G, g.283 T>G and g.290 T>G) were investigated, and according to the results, two SNPs (g.78 G>A and g.184 C>T) in exon 1 were associated with fatty acid composition. The GG and CC genotypes of g.78 G>A and g.184 C>T had higher unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) content (p<0.05). In addition, the $ht1^*ht1$ group (Val/Ala haplotype) in a linkage disequilibrium increased MUFAs and marbling scores for carcass traits (p<0.05). As a result, g.78 G>A and g.184 C>T had significantly relationships with UFAs and MUFAs. Two SNPs in the THRSP gene affected fatty acid composition, suggesting that GG and CC genotypes and the $ht1^*ht1$ group (Val/Ala haplotype) can be markers to genetically improve the quality and flavor of beef.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.380-387
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• 1998

The stability of red pepper seed oils during storage at 20${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$, 40${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$ and heating at 140${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$ or 180${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$ were measured to evaluate red pepper seed oil as a cooking oil. Two species of red pepper seeds (native, improved) were dried by either sunlight or heating to prepare the oil samples of NS (native, sunlight-dried), IS (improved, sunlight-dried), NF (native, heated), and IF (improved, heated). During storage at 20${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$ or 40${\pm}$ 3$^{\circ}C$, acid values (AV) of all red pepper seed oils were higher than that of soy bean oil (SBO), however, peroxide values (POV) were similar to SBO. Antioxidative stability of NS was better than SBO but IF was not. By the heat treatments at 140${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$ or 180${\pm}$3$^{\circ}C$, NS was identified to have better antioxidative stability than SBO and IF was the lowest. In sensory evaluation of each deep-fat fried potato-chip at 180${\pm}$5$^{\circ}C$, potato-chips fried in NS were better than that of SBO for color, taste, and flavor. NS-fried potato-chips got the highest score in overall acceptance (p<0.05), however, those of IF showed little acceptance. When blended oils (SBO: NOS, 0, 25, 50, 75%) were used, 50% blended oil was the best for taste, color, flavor, cripness, and total acceptance.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.121-128
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• 2010

This study was conducted to develop an optimal composite recipe of nutritional cookies containing oak mushroom (Lentinus edodes) powder that has a high preference score. Oak mushroom(Lentinus edodes) is considered a significantly wholesome food. In addition, the dried oak mushroom(Lentinus edodes) has a better flavor and more nutrients than the fresh oak mushroom since vitamins are activated during the drying process. Wheat flour was partially substituted with Lentinus edodes powder to reduce its content. The optimal sensory composite recipe was determined by making iced cookies which have the advantage of long storage, at 3 concentrations of Lentinus edodes powder, yellow sugar and butter, using the central composite design. In addition, the mixing condition of Lentinus edodes powder cookies was optimized by subjecting the cookies to a sensory evaluation and instrumental analysis using the response surface methodology(RSM). The effects of the addition of the three variables on the quality of Lentinus edodes cookies were assessed in terms of texture, color, spread ratio and sensory evaluation. The results of the sensory evaluation produced very significant values for color, appearance, texture, overall quality(p<0.05), flavor(p<0.01) and the results of instrumental analysis showed significant values in lightness(p<0.05), spread ratio, hardness(p<0.01). As a result, the optimal sensory ratio of Lentinus edodes cookies was determined to be Lentinus edodes powder 10.83g, yellow sugar 61.89 g, and butter 120.0 g.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.193-201
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dill on the quality characteristics of tomato sauce during 60 days of storage. As storage time increased, the pH stays between 4.10-4.22 on all additives. The lowest pH appeared on a 0% dill added sample during the storage period, except at 45 or 60 days of storage. The more dill was added, the less sugar appeared, and this was generally consistent across other samples. As storage times increased, the sugar content showed a tendency to decrease in all additives. Salinity turned out to be between 0.90-1.48 among all of the additives. For the L-value, the more dill was added, the less the L-value decreased, and this was consistent across all the samples. As the storage period increased, the L-value showed a tendency to decrease in all samples. The more dill was added, the more the a-value showed a tendency to decrease. The b-value showed a tendency to decline the more dill was added. Also, as storage time increased, the b-value decreased in all samples. Viscosity showed a tendency to increase in all samples the more dill was added. The reducing sugar content was kept between 44.83-55.38. A sensory evaluation was performed by 15 professional panelists with scoring tests for color, flavor, taste, aftertaste, viscosity, and overall acceptability. The tomato sauce with 2% dill showed the best score in the color, flavor, and overall acceptability. From the above results, the data suggests that an addition of 2% fresh dill to tomato sauce is recommended for commercial use.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.78-88
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• 2009

The mechanical characteristics (texture and color) and consumer preference of Doraji Yanggengs using different pre-treatments and added levels of Doraji were presently evaluated. Three kinds of Doraji Yanggengs were made with differing amounts of Doraji powder (DPY; 30, 50, or 70 g), ground raw Doraji (GRDY; 100, 200, or 300 g), and Doraji juice (DJY; 100, 200, or 300 g). Texture characteristics (hardness, adhesiveness, springiness, chewiness, gumminess, cohesiveness) and color values (lightness, redness, yellowness) were measured three times in three experiments conducted with each formulation. Preference was measured with a nine-point hedonic scale for Yanggengs once every three experiments. Consumer preference was measured with color, flavor, taste, appearance, texture, and overall acceptability. Significant differences according to the amount of Doraji powder were evident with DPY for hardness (p<0.001), adhesiveness (p<0.05), and cohesiveness (p<0.001). Hardness (p<0.001), adhesiveness (p<0.001), chewiness (p<0.01), and gumminess (p<0.01) of 100 g GRDY displayed higher scores than 200 g and 300 g GRDY, but displayed significantly lower scores in cohesiveness (p<0.01). Hardness (p<0.001), adhesiveness (p<0.001), chewiness (p<0.001), gumminess (p<0.01), and cohesiveness (p<0.05) of DJY showed significant differences according to amount of Doraji juice. The highest score in a preference test among DPYs was evident for 30 g DPY. There were no significant differences in preference among GRDYs and DJYs. Color, flavor, taste, appearance, texture, and overall acceptability were significantly (p<0.01) correlated in all Yanggengs. DJY was preferred more than DPY and GRDY. Women in their forties and fifties preferred Yanggeng more when compared to women in their twenties and thirties.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.406-412
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• 2010

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of saltwort on the quality characteristics of tofu. In addition, we examined the potential for commercialization of tofu containing saltwort. For this study, saltwort was added to tofu at 0%, 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% and 20% and quality and sensory tests were administered. Analyzing the mineral contents of saltwort juice, K was present in the greatest amount, followed by Mg, P, Ca, and F (in decreasing order). There were significant differences in yield rates and turbidity between the groups. Acidity was highest in the control group, and acidity and volume of tofu tended to decrease with an increase in saltwort powder. L value and a value decreased as the content of slaltwort powder increased, but b value increased with increasing saltwort powder concentration. Hardness, chewiness, and gumminess were rated higher in the control and the 4% supplement groups than the others groups. In the sensory evaluation, cross section and soybean flavor were the highest in the 4% saltwort supplement group, and the presence of an "off-flavor" increased with the content of saltwort powder. The saltiness score was highest in the 20% supplement group. The 4% and 8% supplement groups were favored in the "feel after swallowing" assessment. Softness was the lowest in the 20% supplement group, and the 4% supplement group had the highest overall acceptability. As demonstrated by these results, the addition of saltwort positively affected the overall sensory evaluation of tofu and supplementation with saltwort at 4% and 8% might be considered the most appropriate choices. In conclusion, saltwort tofu expected to increase the functionality of new products, particularly with respect to product variety and health improvement.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2002

쌀가루에 누에가루를 0, 3, 6, 9%로 섞어서 누에분말 절편을 제조하여 일반성분, 관능검사, 색상검사, 조직감을 분석하였다. 그 결과 요약은 다음과 같다. 누에 분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 수분, 조단백질, 조회분 모두가 증가하는 경향이었다. 관능검사 결과 색에서는 누에분말 6% 첨가한 절편이 가장 높은 선호도를 나타내었고 flavor는 누에 분말 3% 첨가한 절편이 가장 높은 선호도를 나타내었고 그 다음이 6% 첨가 절편이었으나 서로간의 유의적인 차이가 없었다. 또한 맛, 조직감, 전반적인 기호도는 모두 누에분말 3% 첨가한 절편이 높은 선호도를 나타내었다. 색도검사 결과 누에분말을 첨가량이 증가할수록 명도는 낮아졌고 적색도는 누에분말 6% 첨가한 절편이 가장 낮은 값을 보이긴 하였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 황색도는 누에분말 6% 첨가한 절편이 가장 높은 값을 보였다가 9% 첨가 절편에서는 다소 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 그러나 누에분말 3% 첨가한 절편과 비교하여 볼 때 현저히 증가된 값을 나타내었다. 조직감을 측정한 결과 경도는 누에분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 높아졌고 응집성은 무첨가 절편이 114.9로 가장 높았으며 누에분말 3% 첨가한 절편이 104.9로 가장 낮았으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. 점성과 부서짐성은 누에분말의 첨가량이 증가할수록 감소하는 경향이었고 누에분말 3% 첨가한 절편이 각각 높은 값을 나타내었다.