• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2008년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.877-882
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of outdoor thermal environment of flat-type apartment houses and tower-type apartment houses in summer by numerical simulation. After inputting a building condition at CAD, we calculated the surface temperature for two apartments by using the numerical simulation of a clear sky day in summer in Seoul. The results indicated that the variation in Heat Island Potential(HIP) of tow apartments were not only in the day but also in the night. According to form of apartment the flat-type apartment houses appeared $1.3^{\circ}C$ more highly tower-type apartment houses.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제13권6호
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• pp.93-98
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to analyze the rate of opening windows that makes residents of a flat-type apartment feel pleasant in summer time. A few conditions were simulated on the wind flow that pass through internal and external spaces of the flat-type apartment, utilizing CFX program. The simulation was made with the criteria for the rates of opening window at 20%, 50%, 70% and 100%. When the rate of window opening was more 50%, the wind speed(more than 1m/s) that makes the residents feel pleasant was observed in more 60% of the internal space. When the all windows of the apartments were opened, the heat island phenomenon was almost disappeared and the pleasant wind flow was more evenly distributed in the external spaces. If residents of apartments recognize the result of this study and practice in agrement on opening windows in summer, it is expected to contribute to minimizing the energy consumption for air conditioning.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.31-40
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• 1999

This study examines changes of internal structure and the ratios of room sizes of flat-type apartment housing and residents' demand of housing alteration. The main results are follows: First, the auxiliary space, such as multi-purpose room, storage ＆ receiving space, becomes an important component of flat-type apartment housing. Second, apartment housings should be supplied to residents focusing on functions of space rather than the number of rooms. Third, the ratios of living room and storage space sizes have been increased as living space increases. Since the current apartment housings do not meet residents' needs, we suggest that residents' age, number of family, and economic status must be considered when apartment space are planned.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to analyze the structure and use change of the private space according to the balcony expansion and use it as the data of plan design. According to Bay, front length/width ratio and the change of balcony space before and after expansion of space organization of house units were analyzed. Common characteristics of Flat type and Tower type are an increase of the frontage length of house units in an apartment, an increase of the number of front bay, and an increase of integrated LDK focusing on living room. A difference is that Flat type shows high frontage ratio, Bay figure, and spatial arrangement favorable to front openness and lighting. Flat type shows higher area distribution than Tower type in LDK area distribution located in at the plane center. Spatial expandability and visual openness of Flat type are more beneficial than those of Tower type in the planning, and a balcony extension of house units has developed to direction to open more. Tower type creates various block images through a combination of house units focusing on the core. Uses after balcony expansion are area expansion of a balcony-neighboring room, storage space, expansion and function improvement of the variable range, and specialized space different from a neighboring room. In addition, there is no escapable space except for a shelter, so unit plan should be prepared to prevent using it other space of a shelter and to solve moving line of two-way horizontal refuge and vertical refuge.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.11-17
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• 2003

This study is aimed at analyzing on the sunshine according to the blocks direction by location type of apartment complex in Busan, to propose a planning on the decision of blocks direction and the improvement of architectural law in sunshine environment. The results of this study were as follows; On the basis of winter solstice in "□ block type", the average of ratio of shadow area in flat site is 51 % in apartment with a southern exposure, 39% in apartment with a south-eastern exposure. The average of ratio of shadow area in the descended site toward the north is 49% in apartment with a southern exposure, 34% in apartment with a south-eastern exposure. The average of ratio of shadow area in the descended site toward the south is 66% in apartment with a southern exposure, 53% in apartment with a south-eastern exposure.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2012

Recently, tower type apartment has been a main stream at the apartment market, in Korea. Tower type apartment has features that is easy to maintain a proper distance between apartment buildings, and to keep a prospect comparing to flat type apartment However, there is usually a inner curved area at tower type apartment, and it is able to make an unhealthy environment because of shaded area through a day and a bad air flow. In this study, the duration of sunshine and the exterior air flow environments are examined. As results, the duration of sunshine at the inner curved area of tower type apartment was extremely short, and the exterior air flow environment was very bad for the low air velocity of about 0.08m/s. Installing pilotis in the 1st floor which faces to the inner curved area makes the good improvement of exterior air flow environment.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2008년도 추계학술대회논문집
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• pp.527-532
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• 2008

In this study, numerical analysis is performed to investigate the sound radiation characteristics of an apartment house according to the type of the slab system. In order to satisfy the boundary condition of the apartment house, the whole floor is modelled with FEM model for three different structural system: wall, RC, flat slab system. From the analytical results, it Is shown that heavy weight floor impact noise of wail type slab is larger than that of the other slab systems and the noise radiated from the wall have great effect on the sound pressure level. The results also show that the vibration energy of RC or flat slab system is widely distributed over the whole slab, which is main reason that the noise induced by the slab systems is reduced in comparison with wail slab system.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.162-168
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• 2009

In this study, numerical analysis is performed to investigate the sound radiation characteristics of an apartment house according to the type of the slab system. In order to satisfy the boundary condition of the apartment house, the whole floor is modelled with FEM model for three different structural system: wall, RC, flat slab system. From the analytical results, it is shown that heavy weight floor impact noise of wall type slab is larger than that of the other slab systems and the noise radiated from the wall have great effect on the sound pressure level. The results also show that the vibration energy of RC or flat slab system is widely distributed over the whole slab, which is main reason that the noise induced by the slab systems is reduced in comparison with wall slab system.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.175-185
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• 2011

It is usual for energy consumption in accordance with facing and sitting direction of tower-type apartments to be calculated by the official statistics or computer simulation. Previous studies for energy consumption appear to be very limited due to the dependence on flat type of apartment. Acknowledging these constraints, an empirical study for a tower type apartment was conducted to demonstrate how a on-site indoor temperature measurement in spring can be used to assist in estimating the total energy consumption in terms of facing and sitting orientation specific settings. The results indicate that maximum temperature difference in spring was identified as $1.16^{\circ}C$ between south and eastern direction. It is known that raising $1^{\circ}C$ indoor temperature require 7% more energy consumption than normal. The $1.16^{\circ}C$ difference means that sitting direction of tower type apartment is a crucial explanatory variable as unit of analysis for energy consumption. It was demonstrated that the indoor temperature could be used effectively as an indicator to estimate energy consumption among various sitting direction of tower type apartments. It is anticipated that this research output could be used as a valuable reference to support more scientific and objective decision-making for facing and sitting orientation of tower type apartments.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.5-10
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• 2010

This study aims to find out the present conditions of pilotis space, and the usage and requests of it by residents as to suggest the direction in planning pilotis spaces in apartment housing. This study selected six apartment complexes, and conducted case-studies and surveys of them. The study findings are as follows. 1) The types of pilotis spaces of the apartment housing can be categorized into an entry type, a community type, a recreational type, a bicycle storage type, a pedestrian passage type, a parking type, and a visual passage type. As a result of studying the present conditions, pilotis spaces of a recreational type were the most, and a community type and a parking type were not found. It was found that diverse types of pilotis spaces need to be planned in consideration of the characteristics of an apartment complex and its residents. 2) As for residents' time spent in using the pilotis space, they spent little time. This can be attributed to the fact that most pilotis spaces were designed only with simple flat benches, and gazebos, which seemingly failed to draw residents' attention. Therefore, the spaces need to be planned for diverse purposes after examining residents' needs, which can include indoor exercise equipments and children's play facilities. 3) Regarding the residents' requests about pilotis spaces in the apartment housing, the most widely requested was using it as a community space. Also, many requested to use it as a library, and a children's play space. Therefore, it needs to be considered to plan the pilotis space for providing diverse programs.