• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.251-256
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• 1990

Bis-(p-bromopheny)phosphate(BBPP) , which serves as flame retardant for PET fabric, was synthesized from phenol and phosphorus oxychloride, and from bromine. In order to investigate the flame retardancy of BBPP, PET fabrics were steam-cured with diluted BBPP solution. The following conclusions were drawn : 1. Flame retardancy of PET fabrics treated with BBPP was excellent, and optimal treating condition was 10% concentration of flame retardant at $170^{\circ]C$ 2. Clark softness and tensile strength before and after the laundering of PET fabrics treated with flame retardant remained nearly unchanged.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.150-157
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• 2020

Hexachloro-cyclophosphazene(HCCP), a formaldehyde-free flame retardant (FR), was steam-cured with triethanol amine(TEA) to impart durable flame-retardancy to cotton fabrics. While the HCCP treatment alone showed very limited resistance to repeated laundering cycles, the addition of TEA substantially improved the laundering durability of the FR cotton up to twenty laundering cycles. The extended washing resistance was accomplished by the increased nucleophilic substitution of unreacted P-Cl groups in HCCP by the TEA resulting in the more densely crosslinked FR networks. With increasing molar ratio of TEA to the HCCP up to 2, the flame retarding effectivity and the synergistic effectiveness improved to 2.8 and 1.8 respectively. TGA and microscale combustion calorimetry verified the pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the FR-cotton, which showed lower maximum pyrolysis and combustion temperatures together with substantially decreased peak pyrolysis and heat release rate, synergistically yielding larger amounts of carbonaceous chars. The formaldehyde-free HCCP and TEA can be a durable FR finishing agents for cotton fabrics acting through a solid-phase flame-retarding mechanism.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to fabricate the flame retardant polyester fabric by thermal bonding with low melting component of flame retardant bicomponent filament(LMFRPC) and to describe the characteristics of thermal bonded fabrics. The fabrics were prepared with flame retardant polyester filaments(FRP) as warp and blended filaments of FRP and LMFRPC as weft. The LMFRPC have a sheath and a core wherein the core comprises a flame retardant polyester and the sheath comprises a thermoplastic polyester of low-melting point. In this study, we investigated the physical properties, melting behavior of filament, the effect of the component of FRP and LMFRPC on the thermal bonding, mechanical properties. Melting peak of LMFRPC showed the double melting peak. The thermal bonding of the fabric formed at lower melting peak temperature of bicomponent filament of LMFRPC. The optimum thermal bonding conditions for fabrics was applied at about $170^{\circ}C$ for 60 seconds by pin tenter. On the other hand, the tensile strength, elongation, and LOI of the fabric increased with an increasing component of FRP of weft.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2008

3-(Hydroxyphenyl phosphinyl) propanoic acid (HPPA) has been one of the most commonly used durable flame retardant agents for polyethylene terephthalate (PET) for many years. We intended to explore the application of HPPA to cellulose fabrics as formaldehyde-free phosphorus based flame retardants (FRs) through green chemistry process. The flame retardancy of the flame-retardant treated cellulose fabrics were characterized by using inductively coupled plasma spectroscopy (ICP) and limiting oxygen index (LOI). Structural changes of the treated cellulose fabrics were carried out by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. To enhance the flame retardancy of HPPA treated cellulose fibers, glycerol polyglycidyl ether (GPE), a crosslinking agent was employed. Both HPPA and GPE treated cotton fabric imparted an LOI value over 26.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.55-62
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• 1994

The mend for fabric products has been increased remarkably with increasing population, housings, mutistory buildings,...and etc. during the last two decades. However, since fabrics are highly combustible and can produce toxic gases during the combution, fabric products can result in serious human injury as well as financial damage. Acknowledged by this, a new phosphorus based flame retardant suitable for PET fabric has been synthesized by making use of the reaction of diphenyl chloro phosphate and hexamethylenediamine. Since the starting meterials are relatively cheap and the yield of this reaction is high (more than 90%), this reaction seems to be very effective as wall as very economic. By analyzing various spectrophotometric analysis data such as NMR, FT-IR, and Mass, this new flame retardant is identified to be N,N’-Bis(diphenyl chlorophosphoro)diamino hexane. In the mean time, DSC measurement has shown that the melting point and the boiling point of this material are around 115$^{\circ}C$ and around 40$0^{\circ}C$, respectively. The flame retardancy test done on the PET fabric processed by this flame retardant have shown excellent in times of flame contact, times of flame contact for washable. The most economical finishing condition estimated 10% in concentration of BDPDH, Moreover, it has been also found that the drape stiffness of the PET fiber processed by the flame retartant is changed very litter compared to the unprocessed original PET fabrics. Judging from this, the potential of this new phosphrdus based compond as a flame retardant for PET fabric seems to be high.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

The durable FR treatments such Pyrovatex and Proban have been used for cotton fibers, while the finishes involve toxic ammonia or formaldehyde release during finishing process or finished products. In this study, ecofriendly flame-retardant treatment of cotton fabrics was carried out using UV-curable formulations of Vinyl bisphosphonic acid (VBPA), Acrylaminide and Triacryloylhexahydro-1,3,5-triazine, as a monomer, a comonomer and a cross-linking agent respectively, which can introduce a cross-linked copolymer networks. With an optimal finish formulation, the flame retardancy of LOI 29.8 was maintained even after 10 laundering cycles. In TGA analysis, the DTGA peak decreased from 389℃ to 252℃ and the amount of char yield increased from 6.1% to 46.1% compared to the untreated cotton. In addition, MCC analysis showed that Peak HR and THR decreased by 59.4% and 69.2% respectively, compared to the untreated cotton. The pyrolysis and combustion behaviors of the FR-treated cotton implied a condensed-phase flame-retarding mechanism.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.103-110
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• 2020

Super engineering plastic(SEP) are applied to high performance and high value industries due to their excellent mechanical properties and high continuous operating temperature. Among them, PES and PEI are amorphous SEPs, and have the advantages of high flexibility, mechanical properties, transparency, and thermal stability. In this study, polyethersulfone(PES) and polyetherimide(PEI) fibers were manufactured to produce flame retardant artificial hair. PES and PEI fibers prepared through a melt-spinning process at a high temperature of 360 to 420℃. They are compared with commercial artificial hair by thermal gravimetric analysis(TGA), linear density, tenacity, and limited oxygen index(LOI) analysis. PES and PEI fibers have similar linear density and tenacity to commercial artificial hair, while their thermal stability and flame retardant are excellent. In particular, flame retardant was analyzed through LOI value and PES was 35.1%, which is superior to commercial artificial hair PET/Br(28.2%) and PET/P(20.2%). Therefore, PES and PEI are suitable as artificial hair for flame retardant.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.110-121
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• 2011

As car seat is the closest part between driver and rider, the interest of the security and comfort of the seat is increasing. This research discovered the best condition for dyeing and finishing to produce a fabric for car seat and also developed the design of fabrication to give the feeling from such a finishing. The best condition of coating finishing solution is aqueous PU 65%, dye resist reagent 20%, water 12%, thicker 3%, and knife thickness 2mm, tenter temperature $170^{\circ}C$, tenter speed 35yard/min, viscosity 12,000cps and stirring time 100kg * 30min. According to the processing time of knife coating upon stirring the change of resin and the uneven of coating quantity was shown. This problems will be solved by means of automatic temperature control apparatus for resin and sealing device through a coming research.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.31-36
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• 1990

Synthesizing octylphosphate(OTP) from phosphorus pentoxide with n-octyl alcohol, octylphosphatethiourea(OTPU) was prepared from OTP with thiourea. After flame retardant finishing OTPU to acrylic fabrics, nylon taffeta and tetron taffeta, the physical properties, such as tear strength and flame retardancy were measured. As the results of the measurement, OTPU was found to be a good flame retardant having softness using to synthetic fibers.

• 한국염색가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국염색가공학회 2009년도 학술발표대회
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• pp.88-89
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• 2009